Esihlokweni somthetho wezokuvakasha kuleli sonto, sihlola udaba lukaThackurdeen v. Duke University, No. 1: 16CV1108 (MDNC 2018) lapho “Abamangali uRoshni Thackurdeen noRaj B. Thackurdeen bafaka lesi senzo njengamanje, nanjengabanye babaqondisi ifa lendodana yabo engasekho. Ngentwasahlobo ka-2012, indodana yabo, uRavi Thackurdeen, ushone ngesikhathi umfundi ebhalisela iGlobal Health and Tropical Medicine Programme… uhlelo lokufunda ekolishi phesheya kwezilwandle, eCosta Rica. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi esafunda i-Global Health Program, wabhaliswa eDuke (University) nase-OTS (Organisation for Tropical Studies)… Ukuxhasa izimangalo zabo zobudedengu, abakwaThackurdeens basola ukuthi uDuke ne-OTS behlulekile ukunakekela ngendlela efanele futhi baphula umsebenzi wabo URavi ngu, phakathi kokunye: ukuyisa abafundi ePlaya Tortuga, ibhishi elaziwa kakhulu ngemisinga yokuqhekeka, ukwehluleka ukubuza mayelana nobungozi nokuphepha, ukwehluleka ukuxwayisa abafundi ngobungozi bePlaya Tortuga nokubhukuda olwandle, ukwehluleka ukucela onogada nokuhluleka ukutakula uRavi… Ubudedengu babamangali nezicelo zokufa ezingekho emthethweni zivinjelwe ngokulandela izivumelwano ezivumelekile zokukhishwa kanye nokukhululwa. Ukuhlukunyezwa ngamabomu kokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo kubo bobabili uDuke ne-OTS kusekhona ”. Qhathanisa okunye ukuminza okuyinhlekelele ngesikhathi sohambo lokubuka izinyoni oluhlobene nasekolishi eCosta Rica [Mayer v. Cornell University, 107 F. 3d 3 (2d Cir. 1997), cert. uphikile u-1997 WL 336602 (Sup. Ct. 1997)] kanye necala lamaThayina lamaTick [Munn v. The Hotchkiss School, 166 A. 3d 1167 (Conn. Sup. 2017) noMunn v. The Hotchkiss School, No. 14-2410 -cv (2d Cir. Februwari 6, 2018) okuzoxoxwa ngayo endatshaneni yomthetho wezokuvakasha evikini elizayo]

Ukuvuselelwa Kokuqondiwe Kobuphekula

ETripoli, eLibya

Ku-Suicide Attack Tarriers Commission Electoral in Libya, nytimes (5/2/2018) kuphawulwe ukuthi “Oshayasibhamu bahlasele ikhomishini yokhetho yaseLibya enhlokodolobha, iTripoli, ngoLwesithathu, bafafaza izinhlamvu base beqhumisa iziqhumane ekuhlaseleni kokuzibulala okwadlula nemiphefumulo eminingi. . 'Badubule ngezibhamu zabo, bashisa ibhilidi ngaphambi kokuziqhumisa,' kusho uKhalid Omar, okhulumela ikhomishini yokhetho, owazibonela ngawakhe lokhu kuhlasela. UMnu Omar uthe uyazi abantu abasebenza naye abayisithupha asebebulewe, kodwa wengeza ngokuthi inhloko yekhomishini imtshele ukuthi bangu-10 abashonile ”.

IBaghdad, e-Iraq

E-Iraq: Abesifazane abangu-19 baseRussia bagwetshwe odilikajele ngokujoyina i-ISIL, i-travelwirenews (4/29/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi "Kusukela kumenyezelwa ukunqoba i-ISIL, iBaghdad ibophe abesifazane abangaphezu kwama-560 nezingane ezingama-600 ezikhonjwa njengamalungu noma izihlobo… Inkantolo eBaghdad ugwebe abesifazane baseRussia abayi-19 udilikajele ngokujoyina amaSulumane e-Islamic State of Iraq kanye nabalwi beLevant (ISIL) ezweni ”.

IMubi, eNigeria

EBlast kubulala okungenani abangu-24 enyakatho-mpumalanga yeNigeria: amaphoyisa, ama-travelwirenews (5/1/2018) kuye kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Okungenani abantu abangama-24 babulewe ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa abantu ababili abazibulala emosikeni nasemakethe enyakatho-mpumalanga yeNigeria… kulimale abantu abayishumi nambili ekuqhumeni okwenzeke edolobheni laseMubi… umuntu oziqhumise ngebhomu uqhume isiqhumane eMosque ngabo-1: 200 ntambama kwathi ibhomu lesibili laqhuma ithuluzi eliqhele ngamamitha angu-XNUMX ngesikhathi abakhonzi bebaleka ”.

ENyakatho Haven, eConnecticut

E-Astor, Explosion during Police Standoff in Connecticut Injures Officers Several, nytimes (5/2/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “Amaphoyisa amaningana alimala ngesikhathi kuqhuma okukhulu ngoLwesithathu kusihlwa ngesikhathi kunempi nomsolwa obevinjelwe eNorth Haven, eConn. , kusho izikhulu. Ukuqhuma… bekunamandla amakhulu kangangokuba izakhamizi ezifika ebangeni eliyimayela elilodwa zithi amakhaya azo azamazame. Impahla lapho yenzeke khona yavele yagqamuka amalangabi kanti ibisaqhubeka nokusha ngemuva kwamahora amane, kugcwala umusi ngentuthu ”.

Ukugijima Kokudlwengulwa Kwezinkunzi

Emashumini ezinkulungwane ehlasela imigwaqo yasePomplona ukukhalaza ngamacala okudlwengulwa, i-travelwirenews (4/29/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu agadle ezitaladini zedolobha laseSpain iPomplona ekhalaza ngamacala okudlwengulwa kwamadoda amahlanu asolwa ukudlwengula owesifazane oneminyaka engu-18 ubudala emkhosini wakuleli dolobha 'Ukugijimisa Izinkunzi'. Abamangalelwa, basedolobheni laseSeville, baneminyaka esukela kwengu-27 kuya kwengama-29 ubudala, kanti basolwa ngokudlwengula isisulu emnyango webhilidi lakhe ngoJulayi 7, 2016. Yize besithwebula lesi sigameko ngama-smartphone abo futhi kamuva baziqhayisa ngaso KuWhatsApp, abemangalelwanga icala lokudlwengula ngoba umthetho waseSpain ufuna kube nobufakazi bokuthi kunodlame noma ukwesatshiswa ukuze kufakazelwe icala lokudlwengula ”.

Ngiyacela Gwema Izindiza ZaseNingizimu-ntshonalanga

Emasontweni amabili nje kuphela ngemuva kwengozi eshaqisayo endizeni yeSouthwest Airlines [bheka ku-Healy & Hauser, Inside Southwest Flight 1380, 20 Minutes of Chaos and Terror, nytimes (4/18/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “'Jesu Othandekayo, thumela izingelosi '. Abagibeli besaba ukuthi bazofa njengoba injini iqhuma, ifake indiza izinkulungwane zamamitha ngomzuzu. Amashumi ezinyawo zamamitha ngaphezulu komhlaba, abagibeli babambana ngezandla nabantu abangabazi, bathandaza ndawonye futhi bakulungela ukufa… Ngaphandle kwesixwayiso, injini yendiza yangakwesobunxele yaqhuma ngemuva kokuba elinye lamakhabethe alo efa. Kwaqubuka isigaxa somoya saphuma ngewindi, ngokwengxenye simunca umgibeli oyedwa kuRow 14 ekhanda phezulu esibhakabhakeni ”] enye ingozi engaba yinhlekelele yenzekile [bheka iWichter, Southwest Plane Forced to Land After Cabin Window Breaks in Air, nytimes (5/2/2018) ) ("Indiza yeSouthwest Airlines iphoqeleke ukuthi ijike futhi ihlale phansi ngaphambi kokufika lapho ibibhekiswe khona ngoLwesithathu ngemuva kokuthi ifasitela lewindi elilodwa lonakele lindiza").

Imali Yemfihlo, Noma ngubani?

KuSablich, From Hopper, Exclusive Flight Deals Sent Directly to Phones, nytimes (5/2/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “iHopper, ukubikezela kanye nokubhuka kwezindiza, yethule isici esithi izonikeza abahambi amadili ezindiza abazitholile Ngeke bakwazi ukuthola kunoma iyiphi enye inkundla yokubhuka, ethunyelwe ezingcingweni zabo. Ngenkathi izaziso zokuphusha seziyithuluzi eliyisihluthulelo kuma-ejensi amaningi okubhuka ezokuvakasha, uHopper uthi iyinkundla yokuqala enkulu yokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuhlinzeka ngalezi zinhlobo zamanani akhethekile, abizwa ngokuthi yiMfihlo Fares ”.

Massive Uthuli Strom ENdiya

Esivunguvungwini saseMassive Indian kubulala abangaphezu kuka-70, kulimaza abaningi, i-travelwirenews (5/3/2018) kuye kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Isiphepho esinamandla sothuli enyakatho ne-India sesibulale abantu abangaphezu kuka-70 saze salimaza abanye abangaphezu kuka-140 ngoLwesithathu. Abaningi kubikwa ukuthi bafe belele ngesikhathi isiphepho singena singena emakhaya abo ... ezifundazweni zase-Utlar Pradesh naseRajasthan ”.

IPakistan Ishisa Kakhulu, Ngempela

EPakistan ibeka irekhodi lokushisa lomhlaba wonke lika-Ephreli, i-travelwirenews (5/3/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “Izinga lokushisa lomhlaba jikelele lika-Ephreli selibekiwe edolobheni laseNawabshah, ePakistan. Kubikwe ukuthi kususwe u-50.2 degrees Celsius (122.2 degrees Fahrenheit) ngoMsombuluko ”.

Ngiyacela, Dlulisa I-Romaine Lettuce

Ku-Astor, u-E. Coli Breakbreak Uphenduka Ubulale Ngecala Elibulalayo eCalifornia, nytimes (5/2/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “Ukuqubuka kwesifo i-E. Coli esixhumene no-ulethisi waseRoma kuphenduke kwabulala, kwafa umuntu oyedwa eCalifornia, Izikhungo zokulawulwa nokuvimbelwa kwezifo ngoLwesithathu. Bekungukuqala ukubikwa kokushona kwalesi sifo, okwaqala ngoMashi futhi kwasabalala nasezifundazweni ezingama-25… I-CDC iqophe amacala ayi-121 ezweni lonke kubandakanya nama-52 aholele ekulalisweni esibhedlela ”.

Imikhosi Eyisishiyagalolunye YaseYurophu

Ku-Celebrate! 9 European Festivals Worth Traveling For, nytimes (4/30/2018) kwaqashelwa ukuthi “uJasmine waseFrance, ama-truffles e-Italy, imincintiswano yangenkathi ephakathi eJalimane: Ngaphandle kwemikhosi yomculo eyaziwayo nezincwadi zaseYurophu, kunemikhosi emikhulu, eqala kusuka kokujwayelekile kuya ku-quirky enqunyiwe. Ababhali bethu babelana ngezinye zezintandokazi zabo ”. (1) Midsummer eStockholm and Beyond, (2) Jasmine Festival eGrasse, eFrance, (3) eLa Tomatina eBunol, eSpain, (4) Festival-Medieval eSelb, eJalimane, (5) Umkhosi Wezikebhe ePortsoy, eScotland, (6) Umkhosi Womshado eGalicnik, eMakedoniya, (7) Umkhosi Wobhiya ePilsen, eCzech Republic, (8) Iwayini, iWhisy neNgoma eMontmarte, eParis, eFrance kanye (9) noMkhosi Omhlophe WamaTruffle, e-Alba, e-Italy.

Imikhaza & AmaMosquitos Ziziphatha, Ngiyacela

EMcNeil, Tick and Mosquito Infections Spreading Rapidly, CDC Finds, nytimes (5/1/2018) kwaqashelwa ukuthi “Farewell, daysfreefree of summer. Inani labantu abathola izifo ezitheleliswa omiyane, imikhaza kanye namazenze seliphindwe kathathu e-United States eminyakeni yamuva… Kusukela ngo-2004, okungenani izifo eziyisishiyagalolunye ezinjalo zitholakele noma zisanda kwethulwa lapha… Izifo ezintsha ezithwalwa imikhaza njengegciwane le-Heartland ziyavela phezulu ezwenikazi i-United States, njengoba namacala esifo seLyme nezinye izifo ezisunguliwe zikhula. Ezindaweni eziqhingini ezinjengePuerto Rico, usongo omiyane abaphethe amagciwane afana nodenga noZika ”.

Ama-Redskins Cheerleaders angenasisekelo, ukhona?

E-Macur, iRedskins Cheerleaders Chaza ama-Topless Photo Shoots ne-Uneasy Night Out, i-nytimes (5/2/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “Ngesikhathi iWashington Redskins ithatha iqembu lazo lokuya eCosta Rica ngo-2013 ukuyoshutha isithombe sekhalenda, imbangela yokuqala ukukhathazeka phakathi kwabajabuli beza lapho izikhulu zakwaRedskins ziqoqa amapasipoti abo lapho zifika kule ndawo ... Okwenzelwa ukuthwebula izithombe, endaweni yokuhlala yabantu abadala kuphela i-Occidental Grand Papagayo eCulebra Bay, abanye babaholi be-cheerleader bathi babedinga ukungabi nasicoco, yize izithombe ezisetshenziselwe ikhalenda azikhombisi ubunqunu. Abanye bebengagqoki lutho ngaphandle kopende womzimba… amaRedskins abememe ababukeli. Inani labaxhasi nabanikazi be-FedExField suite-wonke amadoda-anikezwe ukufinyelela okusondele kakhulu kumahlumela ezithombe. Ngobunye ubusuku… umqondisi weqembu utshele abayisishiyagalolunye kwabangu-36 abashisekayo ukuthi umsebenzi wabo awukenziwa. Babenesabelo esikhethekile sasebusuku. Abanye babaxhasi besilisa babebathathe njengabazokuphelezelwa e-nightclub ”.

Imikhomo Eyi-Humpback, Siyakwamukela futhi

E-Weintraub, i-Humpback Whale Baby Boom Eduze ne-Antarctica, nytimes (5/1/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “Ezingxenyeni zezindaba ezinhle ezingandile zemikhomo, abanqenqema abahlala futhi bazalele olwandle oluseningizimu eduze nase-Antarctica babonakala bebuyela emuva , nabesifazane eminyakeni yamuva nje banezinga eliphezulu lokukhulelwa futhi bazala amanye amathole. Imikhomo yama-humpback yacishe yazingelwa yaphela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 kanye nasekhulwini elikhulu lama-20 kuze kube yilapho kusayinwa izivumelwano zokuyinqanda futhi kwabekwa ukuvikelwa kwezwekazi elibandayo nelifinyeleleka emhlabeni ”. I-Bravo.

Ngiyacela

E-Graham, Ukuvinjelwa Kwama-Plastic Straws Kukhula. Kodwa Ngabe Imboni Yezokuvakasha Yenza Okwanele ?, nytimes (5/1/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “I-United States idlula ngotshani bepulasitiki abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-500 nsuku zonke, ngokwe-Eco-Cycle… Bajwayela imizuzu embalwa kuphela kodwa ingahlala amakhulu eminyaka olwandle, futhi iphakathi kokungcola okuphezulu okungu-10 okuqoqwe ngesikhathi sokuhlanzwa kwasolwandle… izinkampani zokuhamba ngezikebhe ezinjenge-P & O, i-Cunard neRoyal Caribbean zimemezele imikhawulo ngotshani bepulasitiki… kuyilapho iCarnival izoyeka ukubeka izingcwecwe ezingilazini ngokuzenzakalela, kodwa ngeke ubavimbe ngokuqondile. Izinkampani zezindiza bezilokhu zvilapha ukwenza ushintsho, kodwa, iFiji Airways neThai Airways bobabili bathembise ukwehlisa kakhulu ipulasitiki yokusebenzisa eyodwa ezindizeni zabo ngo-2018, kanti iRyanair ihlose ukuba 'ngeplastiki' ngo-2013 ″.

Ukuvakasha Kokuzibulala ESwitzerland

Kwezokuvakasha kokuzibulala inkinga ebucayi kwabaseSwitzerland, i-travelwirenews (4/29/2018) kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi “iDignitas yasiza abantu abangu-138 ukuthi bazibulale ngonyaka odlule, okuyisithathu ukwedlula ngo-2004, ngokusho kwe-website yayo. Cishe amaphesenti angama-90 avela ngaphandle kweSwitzerland, ikakhulukazi eJalimane. Ukuzibulala kwenzeka cishe nsuku zonke, ngoLwesibili kuya kuLwesihlanu '…' ULwesihlanu wusuku lokujaha. Kuyethusa '. Izishayamthetho zaseSwitzerland ziphendula ngokuphakamisa ukuthi kwandiswe ukwenganyelwa kwamaqembu asiza abantu ukuthi bazibulale. Izinga labantu abazibulalayo engxenyeni ekhuluma isiJalimane eSwitzerland yilo eliphakeme kakhulu ezindaweni ezine emhlabeni elizivumelayo, ngokocwaningo lwango-2003 ”.

Endodeni eneminyaka engu-104 ihlela ukuya eSwitzerland ngenhloso yokusiza ukuzibulala, i-travelwirenews (5/1/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “indoda eneminyaka engu-104 ubudala yase-Australia ithe izoya eSwitzerland ngenhloso yokuqeda impilo yayo. UDavid Goodall, usosayensi, uhlela ukuya eBasel ngenhloso yokusiza ukuzibulala ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, ngokusho kwe-Exit International, iqembu elikhuthaza ukukhetha ukuphela kwempilo ”.

Ukukhuphuka Kwamagagasi AseHawaii

Ekuphakameni kwamagagasi aseHawaii: Isimo sezulu esibizelwa ezweni lonke, i-travelwirenews (5/2/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “iHawaii ibhekene namaza aphakeme ngokwedlulele futhi iqopha amazinga aphezulu ezikhukhula, ukucekela phansi amachibi, amakhorali abomnyama namanzi asongelayo kanye namahlathi emvelo… umbiko wakamuva 'weLwandle lwaseHawaii Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report' ovela kuKhomishini Yesimo Sezulu kahulumeni kufanele ukuthi ufundelwe wonke umuntu ohlala endaweni esogwini… Kufaka phakathi amabalazwe okugcwala iziqhingi kuzo zonke iziqhingi ngokususelwa ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-3.2 olwandle ukukhuphuka ekugcineni yekhulu leminyaka ”.

Uhlelo lwe-United Airlines New Pet Safe Programme

Ku-United Airlines: Ukwenza uhambo luphephe ezilwaneni, i-travelwirenews (5/1/2018) kuye kwaqapheleka ukuthi “i-United Airlines namuhla imemezele ukuthi izosebenzisana ne-American Humane, okuyinhlangano yokuqala yezilwane ezweni lonke, ukwenza ngcono inhlalakahle zonke izilwane ezihamba e-United. I-American Humane isebenze ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha, inhlalakahle nenhlalakahle yezilwane zomhlaba iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-140. I-United iphinde yamemezela ukuthi izophinde iqale ukusebenza kwePetSafe, uhlelo lwenkampani ethwala amakati nezinja ezihamba egumbini lezimpahla, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuleli hlobo ”.

Imithetho Emisha Yesiphepho Esikhumulweni Sezindiza i-JFK

EMcGheehan, After Chaos, Port Authority Imisa Imithetho Yesiphepho Yezindiza eya eKennedy, nytimes (4/30/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “Izindiza zizovinjelwa ukuthumela izindiza eKennedy Airport ngesikhathi seziphepho zasebusika, njengaleso esidale isiphithiphithi lapho ngoJanuwari, ngaphandle kokuthi bathole iziqinisekiso zokuthi amasango azotholakala lapho kwehla. Lolu shintsho lungelinye lamaningi ePort Authority yaseNew York naseNew Jersey ahlela ukumemezela ngoMsombuluko ukuvimbela ukuphindeka kwesiminyaminya sezimoto ezibalekela abahamba ngezinyawo eshiye amakhulu abahambi besele ezindizeni amahora amaningi ngempelasonto yokuqala ka-2018. Le nhlangano izophinda kudinga ukuphathwa okungcono kwemithwalo kwaKennedy ngemuva kokuba abanye babahambi bengazibuyisanga izikhwama zabo izinsuku ezimbalwa kulandela isivunguvungu, esibizwa ngegama elithi 'isishingishane sebhomu' esenziwa ngabezomkhathi, esawisa iqhwa ngamasentimitha ambalwa eQueens ”.

Izinzuzo Zokuhamba Kwekhadi Lesikweletu

EMajeski, Izinzuzo Eziyi-14 Zekhadi Lesikweletu Ohluleka Ukuziba, i-moneytalksnews (4/26/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi ukuklomelisa amakhadi esikweletu kunikeza ithuba lokuthola inqwaba yemali emuva nangezinye izinzuzo. Kodwa-ke, amakhadi emivuzo yokuhamba anikela ngezinzuzo ezengeziwe ezingakubizi lutho kodwa ezingabiza isigaxa uma usendleleni… Nazi izinzuzo eziyi-14 zokuhamba ongahle ungazi ukuthi zikhululekile ngamakhadi wesikweletu athile ”. Izihloko zifaka phakathi iConcierge Services, Ukuvikelwa Kwezintengo, Umshwalense Wokuqashiswa Kwezimoto, iLounge club, Izaphulelo zokuthengwa kwendiza, Izikhwama ezihloliwe, Ukubuyiselwa kwemithwalo elahlekile, Umshuwalense wengozi yokuhamba, umshuwalense wokukhanselwa kohambo, izikweletu zemali yezindiza, Ukungena kweGlobal noma iTSA PreChek credit, Travel kanye nosizo oluphuthumayo, usizo lomgwaqo kanye nokukhokhelwa ukubambezeleka kohambo.

Ukuhamba Njenge-Rock Star

EGlusac, See the Sights in the Southwest and California Like a Rock Star, nytimes (4/30/2018) kwaziwa ukuthi “Inkampani entsha yezokuvakasha ifuna ukukuyisa kumdlalo wakho olandelayo ongaphandle ngebhasi lokuvakasha eligcwele indawo yokungcebeleka- ukunethezeka kwesitayela nezinsiza zenkanyezi yedwala. Uhlobo lwamabhasi akhohlisiwe ahambisana nezinkambo ze-rock-star azoshayela uhlobo olusha lohambo lomgwaqo ngokwethulwa kwale nkampani yezokuvakasha iRoadies. Amabhasi e-Roadies, agcwele izindawo zokulala, ama-lounges, ama-TV abukisayo namashawa, azothutha abahambi abangafika kwabayi-11 ohambweni lwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa phakathi kweSan Diego neLas Vegas ngeLos Angeles, ePalm Springs, eJoshua Tree National Park naseGrand. Canyon ”.

Icala Lomthetho Wezokuvakasha Weviki

Odabeni lwaseThackurdeen iNkantolo yaphawula ukuthi “Imicimbi edale ukuthi kushone uRavi yenzeke ekupheleni kwesifundo seGlobal Health. Ngo-Ephreli 29, 2012, abafundi bathathwa 'bathatha uhambo lokugubha' olwandle ePlaya Tortuga, eCosta Rica. Ngokusho kwesikhalazo, amabhishi aseCosta Rican agcwele 'imisinga yokubulala ebulalayo' kanti iPlaya Tortuga yaziwa 'ngemisinga eqinile yokuqhuma futhi… ukubhukuda [lapho] bekunganconywa'. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengamabhishi amaningi aseCosta Rican, abekho abahlengikazi olwandle. Yize uDuke (University) kanye ne-OTS (Organisation of Tropical Study) beyisa abafundi beGlobal Health ePlaya Tortuga iminyaka emithathu ngaphambi kokushona kukaRavi, abafundi ohambweni lukaRavi babengenalo ulwazi lohambo lwasolwandle futhi lwalungekho ndawo kuhlelo uhlelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafundi 'batshelwa ukuthi kuphephile ukubhukuda' futhi bayalelwa ukuthi 'babhukude baqonde ngasogwini' uma bebanjwe oqotsheni. URavi nomunye umfundi bahamba bayobhukuda kodwa babanjwa oqotsheni badonswa olwandle. Lowo owayefunda naye wasindiswa, kepha uRavi wadonswa ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-300 ukusuka ogwini ngomsele wamanzi, kwathi ngemuva kokunyathela amanzi imizuzu engamashumi amathathu, waminza ”.

Isikhalazo

“AbakwaThackurdeens bafaka lesi senzo njengamanje beqinisekisa izimangalo ezintathu ezibhekiswe kubo bobabili uDuke ne-OTS: (1) ubudedengu, (2) ukufa okungafanele okususelwa ebudedengu (3) nokuhlukumeza ngenhloso ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo (nokuqinisekisa) ukuthi uDuke no-OTS bahlulekile ukusebenzisa umqondo icala futhi lephule umsebenzi wabo kuRavi, phakathi kokunye: ukuyisa abafundi ePlaya Tortuga, ibhishi elidume kakhulu ngemisinga yokuqhekeka, ukwehluleka ukubuza ngezinyathelo eziyingozi nezokuphepha, ukwehluleka ukuxwayisa abafundi ngobungozi bePlaya Tortuga nokubhukuda olwandle, ukwehluleka ukucela abasindisi nokuhluleka ukutakula uRavi ”.

Ukuyekelwa Nokukhishwa

“UDuke no-OTS ngokulandelayo baphikisa ngokuthi izimangalo zabakwaThkurkurdeens zokunganaki nokufa ngokungekho emthethweni zakhishwa ngokwesivumelwano futhi zadedelwa nguRavi noyise ngaphambi kokuya kwakhe kwiGlobal Health Programme. Ngenkathi uRavi amukelwa kwiGlobal Health Programme, yena nobaba wakhe basayina 'iSitatimende Sokugunyazwa kanye Nemvume KaDuke (' Duke waiver ') [' Siyavuma ukuthi uma kubhekwa ngokwengxenye iDuke University exhasa lo msebenzi nokuvumela umfundi ukuthi abambe iqhaza , ngeke sizame ukubamba iDuke University… inecala lokulimaza nganoma yikuphi ukulimala… umfundi angaqhubeka nokuxhasa ngenkathi ebambe iqhaza futhi ngaleyo ndlela sidedela iDuke University… kunoma yisiphi isikweletu nganoma yikuphi ukulimala komuntu siqu ... '] futhi u-OT

Isivumelwano Sokubambaqhaza-ICosta Rica '(' Ukuxolelwa kwe-OTS ') [' Ngokubuyisela i- (OTS) neDuke University kungivumela ukuthi ngibambe iqhaza kulo msebenzi… A. Ngalokhu ngidedela, ngiphakamise, ngikhiphe isivumelwano futhi ngingavumi ukufaka icala (OTS)… nganoma yisiphi isikweletu, isimangalo kanye / noma imbangela yesenzo… engangisekelwa yimi… lokho kwenzeka ngenxa yokuhamba kwami ngibuya futhi ngibuya futhi ngibambe iqhaza kulokhu umsebenzi… Kuyinjongo yami ukuveza ukuthi lokhu kukhishwa… kuzobopha amalungu omndeni wami… ngizozibeka engcupheni yokulimala nokulimala ezingcupheni nasemonakalweni ehambisana nanoma yimuphi umsebenzi ... ukukhishwa nokukhululwa ngoba (1) izimangalo zomuntu odelelekile angeke zikhululwe ngaphansi komthetho waseNorth Carolina, (2) izimangalo zingaphandle kokukhishwa futhi (3) ukukhishwa kwephula intshisekelo enkulu yomphakathi ngakho-ke akunakuphoqeleka ” .

Akukho Ukunganaki Okukhulu

“Ukuziphatha okusolwa ekufakweni kobudedengu nakokufuna ukufa okungafanele akukhuphukeli ezingeni lobudedengu obukhulu ngaphansi komthetho waseNorth Carolina. Yize besola ukuthi okwenziwe yizikhulu kanye nokushiyeka kwe-OTS kwaku… ubudedengu obukhulu, ubungozi, ubudlwangudlwangu kanye / noma budedengu… abakwaThackurdeens bahlulekile ukusola noma yisiphi isenzo esithile esenziwe 'ngamabomu' ngokunganaki ukuphepha kwabanye ... Isikhalazo sisho Kuningi 'lokwehluleka' kukaDuke no-OTS… Kodwa-ke, yize lezi zinsolo zingakhuluma ngezinga noma ubukhulu bokunganaki, [akuzona] izinsolo zokuthi uDuke noma i-OTS basebenze nesimo sengqondo esidingekayo ukuxhasa isimangalo ubudedengu obukhulu ”.

Ububanzi Bama-Waivers

"AbakwaThacurdeens baphikisa ngokuthi, [ukumangala] kwakhe ukuhamba olwandle kwakuyikilasi elijwayelekile, inkulumo ehleliwe noma uhambo lwasensimini olwalungahambisani nesipiliyoni semfundo. Ngakho-ke, lolu hambo lwasolwandle alungeni ngaphansi kohlelo futhi [ukuyekethisa] alizikhiphi izimangalo ezisemthethweni ezivela lapho 'Kodwa-ke… Ukuyekelwa kukaDuke akubandakanyi izinsuku zokuqala noma zokuphela zoHlelo Lwezempilo Lomhlaba Wonke, kodwa ayifaki ukuthi ihlanganisa uHlelo Lwezempilo Lomhlaba Wonke… Incazelo ejwayelekile 'yohlelo' kumongo wokuyekelwa kukaDuke ifaka konke uHlelo Lwezempilo Lomhlaba Wonke. Icubungula iGlobal Health Programme njengohlelo oluphelele, lwesemester. Ukuhlola izinsolo esiKhalweni ngokuhlangana nolimi lwe-Duke waiver, uhambo lwasolwandle lwalungaphakathi komsebenzi ocatshangwe ngukuyekelwa… Kuyafana nokuyekelwa kwe-OTS (okubandakanya) ukunikezwa kokukhishwa kwe-OTS kwesikweletu 'okwenzeka njenge umphumela we… ukuya nokubuya, nokubamba iqhaza kulo msebenzi '”.

Akukho Ukwephulwa Kwezintshisekelo Zomphakathi

"AbakwaThackurdeens baphikisa ngokuthi okubaluleke kakhulu ekutholakaleni kwezinkontileka zokukhwabanisa kusebenza kuleli cala… Umsebenzi uwela ngaphakathi komphakathi lapho umsebenzi ulawulwa kakhulu ukuvikela umphakathi engozini, futhi kuzokwephula inqubomgomo yomphakathi vumela labo abenza lo msebenzi ukuthi 'bazikhulule emsebenzini wokusebenzisa ukunakekelwa okufanele'. Izinkantolo zaseNorth Carolina zithole ukusebenza kwezisu, izinsizakalo zezinwele ezenziwa yisikole se-cosmetology kanye nezifundo zokuphepha ezithuthuthu ziyimisebenzi elawulwa kakhulu futhi, ngalokho-ke, kubangela ukungathakazelelwa komphakathi ... Inkantolo ithola ukuthi ukubhukuda olwandle akuyona into elawulwa kakhulu njengokushayela noma umuthi obangela ukungathakazelwa okukhulu komphakathi ”.

Isiphetho

Izimangalo zabamangali '(1) zobudedengu kanye (2) nokufa okungafanele zivinjelwe yiWaiver and Release. Ukuhlukunyezwa ngamabomu kokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo kubamangalelwa bobabili kusekhona ”.

Umbhali, uThomas A. Dickerson, uyi-Associate Justice esethathe umhlalaphansi ye-Appellate Division, uMnyango Wesibili weNkantolo Ephakeme YaseNew York State futhi ubelokhu ebhala ngeTravel Law iminyaka engama-42 kubandakanya nezincwadi zakhe zomthetho ezivuselelwa minyaka yonke, iTravel Law, i-Law Journal Press. (2018), Litigating International Torts in US Courts, Thomson Reuters WestLaw (2018), Class Actions: The Law of 50 States, Law Journal Press (2018) kanye nezindatshana zomthetho ezingaphezu kuka-500. Ngezinye izindaba zezomthetho wezokuvakasha nentuthuko, ikakhulukazi, emazweni angamalungu e-EU bheka IFTTA.org.

Lo mbhalo awunakukhiqizwa kabusha ngaphandle kwemvume kaThomas A. Dickerson.

Funda eziningi ze- Izindatshana zikaJustice Dickerson lapha.

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