The British Indian Ocean Territory (I-BIOT) yindawo yaseBrithani yaphesheya kwezilwandle yase-United Kingdom etholakala e-Indian Ocean maphakathi neTanzania ne-Indonesia. IMauritius ifuna ukulawula lokho okushiwo yi-Indian Ocean Island Nation ngokuthi “indawo engekho emthethweni”.
Insimu yaseBrithani ineziziqhingi eziyisikhombisa zeChagos Archipelago ezineziqhingi ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 60 - eziningi kakhulu ezincane kakhulu - okuba yindawo yomhlaba ophelele wamakhilomitha-skwele angama-23 (XNUMX sq mi). Isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke futhi esiseningizimu kakhulu yiDiego Garcia futhi sisingatha isikhungo samasosha esihlanganyelwe e-United Kingdom nase-United States.
Amajaji eNkantolo Yezobulungiswa Yomhlaba Wonke aqala ukuzwa izimpikiswano zomqondo wokweluleka uMkhandlu Kazwelonke we-UN wacela ukuba semthethweni kobukhosi baseBrithani phezu kweChagos Islands. Isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke, uDiego Garcia, selokhu sahlala isikhungo sase-US kusukela ngawo-1970.
Izikhulu eziqhamuka esiqhingini sase-Indian Ocean esiqhingini saseMauritius zitshele amajaji eNhlangano Yezizwe ukuthi umbuso owawungaphansi kwamakoloni eBrithani wahlomisa kakhulu abaholi bawo eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule ukuba banikele ngendawo yabo njengesimo sokuzimela, isimangalo esingaba nomthelela embuthweni wezempi wase-US obaluleke kakhulu isisekelo.
"Inqubo yokuqedwa kobukholoni eMauritius isalokhu ingaphelele ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa ngokungemthetho kwengxenye ebalulekile yensimu yethu ngaphambi kwenkululeko yethu," kusho uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela eMauritius u-Anerood Jugnauth etshela amajaji.
IMauritius ithi iziqhingi zaseChagos beziyingxenye yendawo yayo kusukela okungenani ngekhulu le-18 futhi zathathwa ngokungemthetho yi-UK ngo-1965, eminyakeni emithathu ngaphambi kokuba lesi siqhingi sithole inkululeko. IBrithani igcizelela ukuthi inamandla phezu kwalesi siqhingi, esiyibiza ngeBritish Indian Ocean Territory.
UJugnauth wethule ubufakazi bokuthi ngesikhathi sezingxoxo zokuzibusa, uNdunankulu waseBrithani ngaleso sikhathi uHarold Wilson watshela umholi waseMauritius ngaleso sikhathi, uSeewoosagur Ramgoolam, ukuthi “yena nozakwabo bangabuyela eMauritius ngokuzimela noma ngaphandle kwayo nokuthi isisombululo esingcono kunazo zonke singaba ukuzimela nokuzibandakanya (kweziQhingi zeChagos) ngesivumelwano. ”
URamgoolam wawaqonda amazwi kaWilson athi "angaba yingozi," kusho uJugnauth.
Ummeli Omkhulu waseBrithani uRobert Buckland uchaze leli cala njengempikiswano yamazwe amabili mayelana nobukhosi futhi wanxusa inkantolo ukuthi ingakhiphi umbono wokweluleka.
UBuckland uphinde waphikisana nesimangalo seMauritius mayelana nokuphoqwa, ecaphuna uRamgoolam ethi ngemuva kwesivumelwano ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kweziqhingi zaseChagos “yinto okuxoxiswene ngayo.”
I-UK yasayina isivumelwano ne-US ngo-1966 ukusebenzisa le ndawo ngenhloso yokuvikela. Izwe laseMelika ligcina isisekelo lapho sezindiza nemikhumbi futhi lisekele iBrithani empikiswaneni yezomthetho neMauritius.
Kodwa-ke, uJugnauth uthe isisekelo akumele sithintwe yisimangalo sezwe lakhe ngokumelene neBrithani.
"IMauritius icacile ukuthi isicelo sombono wokweluleka asihloselwe ukungabaza ukuba khona kwalesi sikhungo ngo-Diego Garcia," etshela amajaji e-UN. "IMauritius iyakubona ukuba khona kwayo futhi ikwenze kwacaca kaningi e-United States nasemandleni okulawula ukuthi iyalamukela ikusasa lalesi sikhungo."
Abamele abavela emazweni angaba ngu-20, kubandakanya i-US, kanye ne-African Union kulindeleke ukuthi bakhulume kuleli cala.
Amajaji kulindeleke ukuthi athathe izinyanga ukukhipha imibono yawo yokweluleka emibuzweni emibili: Ingabe inqubo yokuqedwa kobukholoni baseMauritius yaqedwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1968 futhi iyini imiphumela ngaphansi komthetho wamazwe omhlaba wokuphathwa okuqhubekayo kwe-UK, kufaka phakathi nokwehluleka ukuhlalisa kabusha abahlali baseChagos eziqhingini?
IBrithani yaxosha abantu ababalelwa ku-2,000 1960 eziqhingini zaseChagos ngawo-1970s nango-XNUMX ukuze amasosha ase-US akwazi ukwakha isikhungo sezindiza eDiego Garcia. Abahlali besiqhingi bathunyelwa eSeychelles naseMauritius, futhi abaningi bagcina sebehlala kabusha e-UK
AmaChagossians alwe ezinkantolo zaseBrithani iminyaka eminingi ebuyela eziqhingini. Iqembu elincane lamaChagossians libhikishe ngaphandle kwenkantolo ngoMsombuluko liphethe amabhanela okubalwa nelilodwa elithi: "Ukuzidela kwamaChagossian ukuvikela umhlaba kodwa umvuzo wethu ngukufa kancane."
Omunye umChagossian, uMarie Liseby Elyse, uqophe i-video ekhonjiswe amajaji. Kuyo, wakhumbula ethathwa ngesikebhe esiqhingini sakubo.
“Besifana nezilwane nezigqila kulowo mkhumbi,” kusho yena. "Abantu bebebulawa lusizi."
UBuckland uveze ukuzisola okukhulu kweBrithani ngendlela amaChagossians asuswe ngayo.
IBrithani, "iyayamukela ngokuphelele indlela amaChagossians asuswe ngayo eChagos Archipelago futhi nendlela abaphathwa ngayo ngemuva kwalokho yayiyihlazo futhi yanda kakhulu," esho.
Kwenye indatshana eshicilelwe ezwekazini i-Afrika kuleli cala eliyingqophamlando kubikwa ngale ndlela elandelayo-
USir Anerood Jugnauth GCSK, KCMG, uNgqongqoshe we-QC uMentor, uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela, uNgqongqoshe weRodrigues, bavule amacala omlomo phambi kweNkantolo Yezobulungiswa Yomhlaba wonke izolo eThe Hague, eNetherlands ngesicelo seMibono Elulekayo ngemiphumela yezomthetho yokwehlukaniswa kwe i-Chagos Archipelago evela eMauritius ngo-1965.
Amatilosi aseMaldivian zazazi kahle iziQhingi zaseChagos. Esikhathini saseMaldivian, baziwa njenge UFōlhavahi or I-Hollhavai (igama lokugcina kuma-Southern Maldives aseduze). Ngokwesiko lomlomo waseNingizimu Maldivian, abathengisi nabadobi ngezikhathi ezithile babeduka olwandle futhi babhajwe kwesinye seziqhingi zaseChagos. Ekugcineni batakulwa babuyiselwa emakhaya. Kodwa-ke, lezi ziqhingi zahlulelwa njengezikude kakhulu nesihlalo se- Umqhele waseMaldivian ukuxazululwa unomphela yibo. Ngakho-ke, amakhulu amaningi eminyaka amaChagos ayenganakwa omakhelwane bawo abasenyakatho.
Iziqhingi ze I-Chagos Archipelago zahlelwa ngu I-Vasco da Gama ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesithupha, kwase kuthi ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili iFrance yayibamba njengefa Mauritius. Bahlaliswa okokuqala ngekhulu le-18 yizigqila zase-Afrika kanye nosonkontileka baseNdiya abalethwe amaFranco-Mauritians ukuthola amasimu kakhukhunathi. Ngo-1810, iMauritius yathunjwa yi-United Kingdom, futhi iFrance yanikela indawo eyayiku- Isivumelwano saseParis.
Ngo-1965, i-United Kingdom yahlukanisa iChagos Archipelago Mauritius neziqhingi zase I-Aldabra, I-Farquhar futhi Desroches (Des Roches) kusuka ku- Seychelles ukwakha iBritish Indian Ocean Territory. Inhloso bekuwukuvumela ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zamasosha ukuze kuzuze i-United Kingdom ne-United States. Iziqhingi zasungulwa ngokusemthethweni njengensimu yaphesheya kwezilwandle yase-United Kingdom ngomhlaka 8 Novemba 1965. Ngo-23 Juni 1976, i-Aldabra, iFarquhar neDesroches babuyiselwa Seychelles ngenxa yokuthola ukuzimela. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-BIOT ibinamaqembu ayisiqhingi ayisithupha kuphela aqukethe i- I-Chagos Archipelago.
Ngo-1990, ifulegi lokuqala le-BIOT lavulwa. Leli fulegi, eliqukethe ne- Union Jack, inemidwebo yoLwandlekazi lwaseNdiya, lapho iziqhingi zikhona, ngendlela yolayini abamhlophe nabaluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi nomuthi wesundu ophakama ngaphezu komqhele waseBrithani.