Ukuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla okungu-7.5 kwenzeke ngoLwesithathu ebusuku emakhilomitha angu-185 eningizimu yeLoyalty Islands. ngo-6.08 pm ngesikhathi sasendaweni, Disemba 5.
Iziphathimandla zendawo eVanuatu zikhiphe isexwayiso se-tsunami yendawo, kodwa ngokusho kwe-USGS e-Hawaii asikho isexwayiso esikhona ngoLwandlekazi i-Pacific okuhlanganisa i-Guam ne-Hawaii.
Indawo:
- 168.2 km (104.3 mi) ESE yaseTadine, New Caledonia
- 254.4 km (157.7 mi) ESE yase-W New Caledonia
- 298.9 km (185.3 mi) E of Mont-Dore, New Caledonia
- 309.9 km (192.2 mi) E of Dumba, New Caledonia
- 311.1 km (192.9 mi) E of Noumea, New Caledonia
Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwangomhla zi-5 kuZibandlela wezi-2018, i-M 7.5 empumalanga ye-New Caledonia eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Pacific Ocean kwenzeka ngenxa yephutha elingashoni elivamile phakathi koqweqwe lwasolwandle lwase-Australia, entshonalanga nje ye-South New Hebrides Trench ephawula umngcele wamapuleti phakathi kolwandle. Amapuleti ase-Australia nasePacific kule ndawo. Izixazululo zendlela yokugxilisa ingqondo zibonisa iphutha lenzeke ekucwilisweni okulingene okuthinta enyakatho-ntshonalanga noma eningizimu-mpumalanga. Endaweni yalokhu kuzamazama komhlaba, ipuleti lase-Australia liya ngasempumalanga-nyakatho-mpumalanga maqondana ne-Pacific ngenani elicishe libe ngu-78 mm/unyaka. ESouth New Hebrides Trench, i-Australia lithosphere ihlangana futhi izike ngaphansi kwepuleti lasePacific, yehlela esiqongweni futhi yakha indawo yokunciphisa iNew Hebrides/Vanuatu, esukela eNew Caledonia eningizimu kuya eziQhingini zaseSanta Cruz enyakatho, ibanga. ibanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-1,600. Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwangomhla zi-5 kuZibandlela wezi-2018 kwenzeka eduze kakhulu nalo msele, futhi ngasentshonalanga kwawo nje, endaweni ye-tectonic ngezinye izikhathi eyaziwa ngokuthi "ukuphakama kwangaphandle" lapho ipuleti lokudonsa liqala ukugoba (ukunwebeka) ngaphambi kokucwila esitsheni. Indawo, ukujula, kanye nesixazululo sendlela yokugxila yalokhu kuzamazama konke kuyahambisana nesigameko esenzeka ngenxa yephutha le-intraplate kule ndawo yokuphakama kwangaphandle.
Nakuba kuvame ukuhlelwa njengamaphoyinti emabalazweni, ukuzamazama komhlaba okungalo sayizi kuchazwa ngokufaneleke njengokushelela endaweni enkulu enephutha. Izehlakalo ezinephutha ezijwayelekile zosayizi wokuzamazama komhlaba kwangomhla zi-5 kuZibandlela wezi-2018 ngokuvamile ziba ngusayizi ongu-75×30 km (ubude x ububanzi).
Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwango-December 5, 2018 kuwukuzamazama komhlaba kwesithupha kwe-M 6+ ukwenzeka kule ndawo ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule, futhi kuyingxenye yokulandelana kwezenzakalo eziqale ngo-August 29, 2018 ngokuzamazama komhlaba okuyiphutha kwe-M 7.1 empumalanga. yeSouth New Hebrides Trench kanye namakhilomitha angaba ngu-70 empumalanga nokuzamazama komhlaba kwangomhla zi-5 kuZibandlela wezi-2018. Ngalesi sikhathi, cishe ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-140 M 4+ kurekhodwe kule ndawo yi-USGS, iningi lalenza ukuzamazama komhlaba okungalungile empumalanga yomngcele wepuleti. Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwanamuhla kwandulelwe imizuzu emi-4 yi-foreshock engu-M 6.8, cishe amakhilomitha angu-13 ukuya ngasentshonalanga komsele wolwandle. Ukulandelana okufanayo okusebenzayo kwenzeke phakathi kuka-Okthoba-Disemba 2017, enyakatho nje yemicimbi yango-2018 futhi ikakhulukazi esifundeni sase-Outer Rise. Ukulandelana kuka-2017 kuhilele imicimbi engaphezu kuka-350 M4+, okuhlanganisa imicimbi eyisikhombisa ye-M6+ (kanye ne-1 M7+).
Isifunda sase-Loyalty Islands sisebenza kakhulu ngokuzamazama komhlaba, futhi indawo engaphakathi kwe-250 km yokuzamazama komhlaba kwangomhla zi-5 kuZibandlela wezi-2018 isingathe ukuzamazama komhlaba okunye okungu-24 kwe-M 7+ ekhulwini leminyaka elandulele. Okukhulu kunakho konke kwaba ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-M 8.1 ngo-September 1920, okwakuqhele ngamakhilomitha angaba ngu-230 enyakatho-ntshonalanga yesenzakalo sanamuhla, empumalanga nje yomsele wolwandle. Okuhlanu kwalokhu kuzamazama komhlaba okungu-M 7+ kwenzeke entshonalanga yomsele wolwandle, kuhlanganise nokuzamazama komhlaba okungu-M 7.7 ngo-May 1995, amakhilomitha angu-125 ukuya eningizimu-mpumalanga, ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-M 7.1 ngoJanuwari 2004, amakhilomitha angu-40 ukuya eningizimu-mpumalanga, kanye ne-M7.0 okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla. .2017 ukuzamazama komhlaba ngoNovemba 70, 2004km ukuya enyakatho-ntshonalanga. Akukho kulokhu okwaziwayo ukuthi kudale umonakalo noma ukufa kwabantu. Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwango-January 7.1 M 270 nakho kwaba ingxenye yezenzakalo ezingaba ngu-2003 ezilandelanayo, kusukela ngo-December 7.3. Lokho kulandelana kwakuhlanganisa nokuzamazama komhlaba okuyi-interplate thrust (isenzakalo esikhulu kunazo zonke kulolu chungechunge kwaba ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-M 27 okwenzeka ngo-December 2003, 25. ) kanye nokuzamazama komhlaba okuyiphutha okuvamile entshonalanga yomsele wolwandle. Phakathi kukaDisemba 2003, 3, kanye noJanuwari 2004, 12, ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-6 kwe-M 2003+ kwenzeka. Ukulandelana kuka-2004-2004 ekugcineni kwafa ekuqaleni maphakathi noFebhuwari ka-XNUMX.
LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:
- The December 5, 2018 earthquake is sixth M 6+ earthquake to occur in this region over the past three months, and is part of an active sequence of events that began on August 29th, 2018 with a M 7.
- 5 earthquake east of New Caledonia in the southwest Pacific Ocean occurred as the result of shallow normal faulting within the oceanic crust of the Australia plate, just west of the South New Hebrides Trench which marks the plate boundary between the Australia and Pacific plates in this region.
- At the South New Hebrides Trench, Australia lithosphere converges with and sinks beneath the Pacific plate, descending into the mantle and forming the New Hebrides/Vanuatu subduction zone, stretching from New Caledonia in the south to the Santa Cruz Islands in the north, a distance of about 1,600 km.
