Ingozi Yokushona ku-Coronavirus? Ucwaningo lwe-COVID-19 lukhuluma iqiniso

U-Albert Camus wathi ngo-1947 ephephandabeni i-Plague „Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokulwa nalesi sifo ukuthembeka." Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha waseSwitzerland ucele ukuba kushicilelwe le mininingwane elandelayo ukuze aqonde isimo samanje. Ivumela ukubuka okungokoqobo ngengcuphe umuntu abhekene nayo neCoronavirus.

Ku-COVID 19 udokotela waseSwitzerland ushicilele ucwaningo olulandelayo:
Ngokusho the idatha yakamuva we-Italy National Health Institute ISS, isilinganiso seminyaka yomuntu oshonile ohlolwe kahle e-Italy njengamanje cishe sineminyaka engama-81. U-10% wabashonile uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-90 ubudala. U-90% wabashonile uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-70 ubudala.

U-80% wabashonile ubephethwe yizifo ezingamahlalakhona ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. U-50% wabashonile ubephethwe yizifo ezingamahlalakhona ezintathu noma ngaphezulu. Izifo ezingamahlalakhona zifaka ikakhulukazi izinkinga zenhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, izinkinga zokuphefumula nomdlavuza.

Bangaphansi kuka-1% abantu abangasekho ababengabantu abaphilile, okungukuthi abantu abangenazo izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezazivele zikhona. Balinganiselwa ku-30% kuphela abashonile abangabesifazane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho i-Italy Institute of Health ehlukanisa phakathi kwalabo abafa kusukela i-coronavirus nalabo abafa nge i-coronavirus. Ezimweni eziningi, akukacaci okwamanje ukuthi ngabe abantu babulawe yigciwane noma izifo zabo ezingalapheki ebezivele zikhona noma ngenhlanganisela yakho kokubili.

Ababili base-Italiya abashona bengaphansi kweminyaka engama-40 (bobabili abaneminyaka engama-39) bebeyisiguli somdlavuza nesiguli sikashukela esinezinkinga ezengeziwe. Nakulezi zimo imbangela yokufa ibingakacaci kahle (okusho ukuthi ngabe ibivela egciwaneni noma ezifweni ebezikhona).

Ukulayishwa ngokweqile kwezibhedlela kungenxa yokuxhamla kweziguli kanye nenani elinyukayo leziguli ezidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile noma okunzulu. Ikakhulukazi, inhloso ukusimamisa umsebenzi wokuphefumula futhi, ezimweni ezinzima, ukuhlinzeka ngemithi elwa namagciwane.

Isikhungo Sezempilo Sase-Italy sishicilele i- umbiko wezibalo ezigulini ezine-test kanye nabashonile, okuqinisekisa imininingwane engenhla.

Udokotela uveza lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

INyakatho ye-Italiya inabantu abaningi kakhulu futhi ikhwalithi yomoya embi kakhulu eYurophu, eyayivele iholele ku inombolo ekhuphukile yezifo zokuphefumula nokufa esikhathini esedlule futhi kungenzeka kube yingozi eyengeziwe kulo bhubhane lwamanje.

INingizimu Korea, ngokwesibonelo, ibhekane nenkambo ebucayi kakhulu kune-Italy futhi isivele isidlulile isiqongo salo bhubhane. ENingizimu Korea, bangu-70 kuphela abantu abashonile abanemiphumela yokuhlolwa okuhle ebikwe kuze kube manje. Njengase-Italy, labo abathintekile bekuyiziguli ezisengozini enkulu.

Ukushona kwabavivinywa abambalwa abatholakala eSwitzerland kuze kube manje bebeyiziguli ezisengozini enkulu ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona, isilinganiso seminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka engama-80 kanye neminyaka yobudala engama-97, imbangela yokufa kwayo, okusho ukuthi igciwane noma isandulela sayo -izifo ezikhona, azikaziwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi amakhithi wokuhlola amagciwane asetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke anganikeza imiphumela yokuthola iqiniso ngamanga kwezinye izimo. Kulezi zimo, abantu banga hhayi bathole i-coronavirus entsha, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi ingenye yama-coronavirus amaningi akhona ayingxenye yezifo ezibandayo zomkhuhlane kanye nemikhuhlane minyaka yonke (futhi eqhubekayo). (1)

Ngakho-ke inkomba ebaluleke kakhulu ukwahlulela ingozi yesifo yile hhayi inani elibikwa kaningi labantu nokufa okuhloliwe kahle, kepha inani labantu elikhulayo noma elifa ngokungalindelekile kusuka ku-pneumonia (okuthiwa ukufa ngokweqile).

Ngokuya ngemininingwane yonke yamanje, kubantu abaningi abaphilile besikole kanye nobudala bokusebenza, kungalindelwa inkambo emnene ukuya kokuphakathi yesifo seCovid-19. Abantu abadala kanye nabantu abanezifo ezikhona ezingamahlalakhona kufanele bavikelwe. Amandla ezokwelapha kufanele alungiselelwe kahle.

Izincwadi zezokwelapha

(1) UPatrick et al., Ukuqubuka kwe-Human Coronavirus OC43 Ukutheleleka kanye ne-Serological Cross-reactivity nge-SARS Coronavirus, CJIDMM, 2006.

(2) UGrasselli et al., Ukusetshenziswa Okubalulekile Kokunakekelwa Kokuqhamuka Kwe-COVID-19 eLombardy, JAMA, Mashi 2020.

(3) UBANI, Umbiko we-WHO-China Joint Mission ku-Coronavirus Disease 2019, Februwari 2020.

Amanani ayizethenjwa

Amanani abalulekile okubhekiswa kuwo afaka inani lokufa komkhuhlane minyaka yonke, okufika ku-8,000 e-Italy kuze kufike ku-60,000 e-US; ukufa okujwayelekile jikelele, oku-Italy okufinyelela ekufeni kwabantu abayi-2,000 XNUMX ngosuku; kanye nenani elijwayelekile lamacala we-pneumonia ngonyaka, e-Italy angaphezu kwe-120,000.

Ukufa kwamanje okuyizimbangela eYurophu nase-Italy kusesejwayelekile noma kungaphansi kwesilinganiso. Noma yikuphi ukushona okweqile ngenxa yeCovid-19 kufanele kubonakale ku- Amashadi wokuqapha aseYurophu.

Ukuvuselelwa okujwayelekile ngesimo (yonke imithombo ikhonjisiwe).

Mashi 17, 2020 (I)

• Isimo sokufa sihlala sidida ngokubuka kwamagciwane ngoba, ngokungafani namagciwane omkhuhlane, izingane ziyasinda futhi amadoda athinteka cishe kaningi ngokuphindwe kabili kunabesifazane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le phrofayili iyahambisana ne- ukufa kwemvelo, esondele ku-zero ezinganeni futhi ecishe iphindwe kabili kumadoda aneminyaka engama-75 ubudala kunabesifazane abalinganayo.
• Umuntu oshonile omncane one-test cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi ubenezimo ezinzima ngaphambili. Isibonelo, umqeqeshi webhola likanobhutshuzwayo waseSpain oneminyaka engu-21 ubhubhe evivinywa, kwaba sematheni omhlaba. Kodwa-ke, odokotela Uma sisheshe satholakala i-leukemia engaziwa, enezinkinga ezijwayelekile ezibandakanya i-pneumonia enamandla.
• Isizathu esinqumayo ekuhloleni ubungozi besifo sinjalo hhayi inani labantu abane-test kanye nabangasekho, okuvame ukushiwo kwabezindaba, kepha inani labantu abasakhula noma abafayo kusuka ku-pneumonia (okuthiwa ukufa ngokweqile). Kuze kube manje, leli nani lihlala liphansi kakhulu emazweni amaningi.
• ESwitzerland, amanye amayunithi ezimo eziphuthumayo asevele egcwele ngokweqile ngenxa nje yenani elikhulu labantu abafuna ukuhlolwa. Lokhu kukhomba engxenyeni eyengeziwe yezengqondo nezokusebenza yesimo samanje.

Mashi 17, 2020 (II)

• Uprofesa wase-Italy we-immunology uSergio Romagnani wase-University of Florence ufinyelela esiphethweni ocwaningweni lwabantu abayi-3000 ukuthi ama-50 kuya kuma-75% abantu abanesivivinyo seminyaka yonke bahlala akunazimpawu ngokuphelele - kakhulu ngaphezu kokucatshangwa ngaphambili.
• Izinga lokuhlala kwama-ICU aseNyakatho Italy ezinyangeni zasebusika ngokujwayelekile selivele selikhona 85 kuya ku-90%. Ezinye noma eziningi zalezi ziguli ezikhona nazo zingaba nokuhlolwa manje. Kodwa-ke, inani lamacala angeziwe we-pneumonia awaziwa okwamanje.
• Udokotela wasesibhedlela edolobheni laseSpain iMalaga kubhala kuTwitter ukuthi abantu njengamanje basemathubeni amaningi okufa ngenxa yokwethuka nokuwohloka kwesistimu kunaleli gciwane. Isibhedlela sigcwele abantu abanemikhuhlane, umkhuhlane futhi mhlawumbe neCovid19 kanti nodokotela sebehlulekile ukulawula.

Mashi 18, 2020

• A isifundo esisha se-epidemiological (preprint) kuphetha ngokuthi ukufa kweCovid19 ngisho nasedolobheni laseChina iWuhan kwakungu-0.04% kuphela kuya ku-0.12% futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunalokho aphansi kunaleyo yomkhuhlane wonyaka, onesilinganiso sokushona esingaba ngu-0.1%. Njengesizathu sokufa ngokweqile kweCovid19, abacwaningi basola ukuthi ekuqaleni inani elincane kuphela lamacala abhalwe eWuhan, ngoba lesi sifo kungenzeka ukuthi sasingenampawu noma sinobumnene kubantu abaningi.
• Abaphenyi baseChina bayakuphikisa lokho intuthu ebusika eyedlulele edolobheni laseWuhan kungenzeka ukuthi libambe iqhaza ekuqhamukeni kwe-pneumonia. Ehlobo lika-2019, imibhikisho yomphakathi zazivele zenzeka eWuhan ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lomoya.
• Izithombe ezintsha ze-satellite zikhombisa ukuthi iNyakatho ye-Italy inayo kanjani amazinga aphezulu kakhulu okungcoliswa komoya eYurophu, nokuthi lokhu kungcoliswa komoya kuncishiswe kanjani kakhulu ngokuhlukaniswa.
• Umkhiqizi wekhithi yokuhlola yeCovid19 uthi kufanele isetshenziselwa izinhloso zocwaningo kuphela hhayi ngezicelo zokuxilonga, njengoba kungakaqinisekiswa ngokomtholampilo.

Mashi 19, 2020 (I)

I-Italy National Health Institute ISS ishicilele umbiko omusha ekufeni okuhlolwa kahle:

• Iminyaka yobudala obuphakathi yiminyaka eyi-80.5 (i-79.5 yabesilisa, i-83.7 yabesifazane).
• U-10% kamufi ubengaphezu kweminyaka engama-90 ubudala; U-90% wabashonile ubeneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-70 ubudala.
• Okungenani u-0.8% wabashonile bebengenazo izifo ezingalapheki esezivele zikhona.
• Cishe u-75% wabashonile ubenezimo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ebezivele zikhona, u-50% ubenezimo ezintathu esezikhona, ikakhulukazi isifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela nomdlavuza.
• Abahlanu kwabashonile bebephakathi kweminyaka engama-31 nengama-39 ubudala, bonke bebenezimo ezibucayi zempilo ebesivele ikhona (isib. Umdlavuza noma isifo senhliziyo).
• Isikhungo Sezempilo Sikazwelonke asikanqumi ukuthi iziguli ezihlolwe ekugcineni zigcine ngokufa ngakuphi futhi sibhekisa kuzo ngokujwayelekile njenge Ukufa kwabantu abangu-Covid19.

Mashi 19, 2020 (II)

• A umbiko ephephandabeni lase-Italy Corriere della Sera uveza ukuthi izingxenye zokunakekelwa kwabagula kakhulu e-Italy sezivele ziwile ngaphansi kwegagasi elibhalwe umkhuhlane ngo-2017/2018. Bekumele bakuhlehlise ukusebenza, babize abahlengikazi ukuthi babuye eholidini futhi baphelelwa yiminikelo yegazi.
• Udokotela wamagciwane waseJalimane uHendrik Streeck uthi ukuthi i-Covid19 mancane amathuba okuthi inyuse inani lokufa okuphelele eJalimane, okujwayele ukuba ngabantu abangama-2500 ngosuku. UStreeck ubalula udaba lowesilisa oneminyaka engama-78 owayenezimo ezithile owashona ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ngemuva kwalokho wahlolwa wathola ukuthi une-Covid19 futhi ngaleyo ndlela wafakwa ezibalweni zokushona kukaCovid19.
• Ngokusho kukaProfesa waseStanford uJohn Ioannidis, i-coronavirus entsha ingaba akusekho okuyingozi kunamanye ama-coronavirus avamile, ngisho nakubantu abadala. U-Ioannidis uthi akukho datha yezokwelapha ethembekile esekela izinyathelo ezinqunywe njengamanje.

Mashi 20, 2020

• Ngokusho the umbiko wakamuva wokuqapha waseYurophu, ukufa jikelele kuwo wonke amazwe (kufaka phakathi i-Italy) nakuwo wonke amaqembu wobudala kuhlala ngaphakathi noma ngaphansi kwebanga elijwayelekile kuze kube manje.
• Ngokusho the izibalo zakamuva zaseJalimane, iminyaka emaphakathi yokufa kwabantu abane-test imayelana neminyaka engama-83, iningi linezimo zezempilo esezivele zingaba imbangela yokufa.
• A Ucwaningo lwango-2006 lwaseCanada okukhulunywe nguProfesa waseStanford uJohn Ioannidis uthole ukuthi ama-coronaviruses abandayo angahle futhi abangele amazinga okufa afinyelela ku-6% emaqenjini engcupheni njengabahlali besikhungo sokunakekelwa, nokuthi lawo makhithi okuhlola amagciwane aqale akhomba ngokungeyikho ukutheleleka ngama-coronaviruses akwaSARS.

Mashi 21, 2020 (I)

• ISpain ibika kuphela ukufa kwabantu abathathu abane-test ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-65 (okuphelele okubalelwa ku-1000). Izimo zabo zempilo esezikhona kanye nembangela yangempela yokufa azikaziwa.
• NgoMashi 20, e-Italy kubika Ukushona kwabantu abane-test abangama-627 ezweni lonke ngosuku olulodwa. Ngokuqhathanisa, ukufa okujwayelekile jikelele e-Italy kungabalelwa ku-1800 abashona ngosuku. Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 21, i-Italy ibike mayelana nokufa kwabantu abane-4000 abane-test. Ukufa okujwayelekile okujwayelekile ngalesi sikhathi kufinyelela kubantu abafinyelela ku-50,000 2019. Akukaziwa njengamanje ukuthi izinga lokufa kwabantu jikelele lenyuke ngezinga elingakanani, noma ukuthi selivele laguqula izinga lokuhlolwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Italy ne-Europe babe nesikhathi esifushane kakhulu semfuluwenza ku-2020/XNUMX esindise abantu abaningi ababuthaka.
• Ngokuvumelana ne Imibiko yezindaba yase-Italy, I-90% yabantu abashonile abane-test esifundeni saseLombardy bashonile ngaphandle izikhungo zokunakekela abagula kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekhaya noma ezigabeni zokunakekelwa okuvamile. Isizathu sabo sokufa kanye nendima engaba khona yezinyathelo zokuhlukaniswa nokufa kwabo zihlala zingacaci. Bangu-260 kuphela kwabangu-2168 abantu abane-test abashonile kuma-ICU.
• IBloomberg ikugqamisa lokho „99% yalabo Ababulawa Yigciwane Babenezinye Ukugula, I-Italy Ithi“

Mashi 21, 2020 (II)

• IJapan Times iyabuza: IJapan ibilindele ukuqhuma kwe-coronavirus. Kuphi? Yize lingelinye lamazwe okuqala athola imiphumela emihle yokuhlolwa futhi lingazange libekiwe, iJapan ingelinye lamazwe angathintekile kakhulu. Ukucaphuna: "Ngisho noma iJapan kungenzeka ukuthi ayibali bonke labo abangenwe yizo, izibhedlela azinwetshwanga futhi akubanga khona nkinga ezimeni zenyumoniya."
• Abaphenyi base-Italiya bathi intuthu eyedlulele eNyakatho ne-Italy, embi kunazo zonke eYurophu, kungenzeka ukuthi udlala indima ebangela ekuqubukeni kwamaphaphu kwamanje lapho, njengaseWuhan ngaphambili.
• Phakathi ku ingxoxo entsha, UProfesa Sucharit Bhakdi, isazi esidume umhlaba wonke kwi-microbiology yezokwelapha, uthi ukusola i-coronavirus entsha kuphela ngokufa "akulungile" futhi "kudukisa ngendlela eyingozi", njengoba kunezinye izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi izimo zezempilo ebezikhona kanye nomoya omubi ikhwalithi emadolobheni aseChina naseNyakatho Italy. USolwazi Bhakdi uchaza lezi zinyathelo okuxoxwa ngazo njengamanje noma ezibekiwe njengezibi “ezishaqisayo”, ezingenamsebenzi ”,“ ezizilimazayo ”kanye“ nokuzibulala ngokuhlanganyela ”ezizonciphisa isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu asebekhulile futhi okungafanele zamukeleke emphakathini.

Mashi 22, 2020 (I)

Mayelana nesimo e-Italy: Imithombo yezindaba emikhulu ibika ngamanga ukuthi i-Italy inabantu abafinyelela ku-800 ngosuku kusuka ku-coronavirus. Eqinisweni, umongameli we-Italian Civil Protection Service ugcizelela ukuthi lokhu kungukufa „nge i-coronavirus kanye hhayi kusuka i-coronavirus “(umzuzu 03:30 we inkomfa yezindaba). Ngamanye amagama, laba bantu bafa ngenkathi bethola ukuthi banegciwane.

NjengoProfesa Ioannidis noBhakdi ukhombisile, amazwe afana neNingizimu Korea neJapan angenisile azikho izinyathelo zokuvala sebeke babhekana nokushona ngokweqile kwe-zero ngokuxhumene neCovid-19, ngenkathi umkhumbi weDiamond Princess uhamba ngesibalo sabantu abashonile ngebanga ngalinye lama-mille, ie noma ngaphansi kwezinga lomkhuhlane wonyaka.

Izibalo zokufa kwabantu ezivivinywa manje e-Italy zisengaphansi kwama-50% wokufa okuvamile kwansuku zonke e-Italy, okucishe kube ukufa kwabantu abayi-1800 ngosuku. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka, mhlawumbe mhlawumbe kungenzeka, ukuthi ingxenye enkulu ye- evamile ukufa kwansuku zonke manje kumane kubalwa njengokufa kuka- "Covid19" (njengoba kutholakala ukuthi unegciwane). Leli yiphuzu eligcizelelwe nguMongameli Wezinsizakalo Zokuvikelwa Komphakathi wase-Italy.

Kodwa-ke, manje kuyacaca ukuthi izifunda ezithile eNyakatho ye-Italy, okungukuthi lezo ezibhekene nobunzima kakhulu izindlela zokuvala, babhekene nokwanda okuphawulekayo kokufa kwabantu nsuku zonke. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi esifundeni saseLombardy, kwenzeka ama-90% okufa kwabantu abane-test hhayi ezindaweni zokunakekela abagula kakhulu, kepha ikakhulu ekhaya. Futhi ngaphezu kuka-99% banezimo ezibucayi zempilo eseyivele ikhona.

USolwazi Sucharit Bhakdi ushayele Izindlela zokuvala izinto "ezingenamsebenzi", "ukuzilimaza" kanye "nokuzibulala ngokuhlanganyela". Ngakho-ke kuphakama umbuzo okhathaza kakhulu wokuthi izinga lokufa kwabantu laba asebekhulile, abahlukanisiwe, abanengcindezi kakhulu abanezimo eziningi zempilo esezivele zingabangelwa yizinyathelo zokuvala amasonto ezisasebenza.

Uma kunjalo, kungaba ngesinye sezimo lapho ukwelashwa kubi kakhulu kunesifo. (Bona isibuyekezo esingezansi: zingu-12% kuphela izitifiketi zokufa ezibonisa i-coronavirus njengesizathu.)

Mashi 22, 2020 (II)

• ESwitzerland, njengamanje bangu-56 abantu abashonile abahlolwa, bonke labo bebekhona "Iziguli ezisengozini enkulu" ngenxa yeminyaka yabo yokukhula kanye / noma nezimo zempilo esezivele zikhona. Imbangela yabo yangempela yokufa, okusho ukuthi ivela egazini noma nje, ayikaziswa.
• Uhulumeni waseSwitzerland wathi isimo esiseningizimu yeSwitzerland (eduze kwase-Italy) "siyabukeka", kepha odokotela bendawo ukuphikile lokhu futhi wathi konke kujwayelekile.
• Ngokuvumelana ne imibiko yabezindaba, amabhodlela e-oksijeni angahle anciphe. Isizathu, nokho, akusona ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu njengamanje, kepha kunalokho ukugcwala ngenxa yokwesaba ukushoda kwesikhathi esizayo.
• Emazweni amaningi, sekuvele kunefayela le- ukushoda okwandayo odokotela nabahlengikazi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abasebenzi bezempilo abahlola ukuthi banesifo kufanele bazinikele bodwa, noma ezimweni eziningi bazohlala ngokuphelele noma bengenazo izimpawu.

Mashi 22, 2020 (III)

• Imodeli evela e-Imperial College London yabikezela ukuthi kuzofa phakathi kuka-250,000 no-500,000 e-UK "kusuka ku-" Covid-19, kodwa ababhali besifundo ngivumile manje ukuthi iningi lalokhu kufa bekungeke kungezwe, kepha kunalokho kube yingxenye yezinga elijwayelekile lokufa kwabantu minyaka yonke, e-UK cishe ngabantu abayi-600,000 ngonyaka. Ngamanye amagama, ukushona ngokweqile kuzohlala kuphansi.
• UDkt David Katz, umqondisi osungula iYale University Prevention Research Center, ubuza ku New York Times: „Ingabe Ukulwa Kwethu NeCoronavirus Kubi Kunesifo? Kungaba nezindlela ezibhekiswe kakhulu zokushaya lolu bhubhane. "
• Ngokuvumelana ne UProfesa wase-Italy uWalter Ricciardi, "Zingu-12% kuphela izitifiketi zokufa ezibonise ukubhekana ngqo ne-coronavirus", kanti emibikweni yomphakathi "bonke abantu abafela ezibhedlela abane-coronavirus babhekwa njengababulawa yi-coronavirus". Lokhu kusho ukuthi izibalo zokufa kwabantu base-Italy ezibikwe ngabezindaba kumele zehliswe ngu okungenani isici esingu-8 ukuthola ukufa kwangempela kubangelwe igciwane. Ngakho-ke umuntu ugcina ngokufa okungenani amashumi ambalwa ngosuku, uma kuqhathaniswa nokufa kwabantu nsuku zonke kwabantu abangu-1800 kanye nokufa kwabantu abangu-20,000 XNUMX ngonyaka.

Mashi 23, 2020 (I)

• Ucwaningo olusha lwaseFrance kuJenaliyali yama-Antimicrobial Agents, olubizwa ngokuthi I-SARS-CoV-2: ukwesaba kuqhathaniswa nedatha, iphetha ngokuthi "inkinga ye-SARS-CoV-2 kungenzeka ukuthi idluliselwe phezulu", ngoba "izinga lokufa kwe-SARS-CoV-2 alihlukile kakhulu kunalelo lama-coronaviruses ajwayelekile akhonjwe esibhedlela sokucwaninga eFrance".
• An Isifundo sase-Italy sika-Agasti 2019 bathole ukuthi ukufa komkhuhlane e-Italy bekuphakathi kuka-7,000 no-25,000 eminyakeni yamuva. Leli nani liphakeme kunamanye amazwe amaningi aseYurophu ngenxa yenani labantu asebekhulile e-Italy, futhi liphakeme kakhulu kunanoma yini ekhonjwe kuCovid-19 kuze kube manje.
• Phakathi ku iphepha lamaqiniso elisha, iWorld Health Organization WHO ibika ukuthi empeleni iCovid-19 iyasabalala kancane, hhayi ngokushesha, kunomkhuhlane ngesilinganiso esingaba ngu-50%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudluliswa kwangaphambi kwezimpawu kubonakala kuncane kakhulu ngeCovid-19 kunesifo somkhuhlane.
• Udokotela oholayo wase-Italy ubika lokho "Amacala angajwayelekile we-pneumonia" zabonwa esifundeni saseLombardy sekuvele ngoNovemba 2019, kuphakamisa futhi umbuzo ukuthi ngabe zibangelwe yigciwane elisha (elivele ngokusemthethweni kuphela e-Italy ngoFebhuwari 2020), noma ngezinye izinto, njenge amazinga obungozi aphezulu kakhulu eNyakatho ye-Italy.
• Umcwaningi waseDenmark uPeter Gøtzsche, umsunguli weCochrane Medical Collaboration owaziwayo, ubhala ukuthi uCorona uyi „ubhadane lokwesaba okukhulu"Futhi umqondo ube ngomunye wababulawa kuqala."

Mashi 23, 2020 (II)

• OwayenguNgqongqoshe Wezempilo kwa-Israyeli, uSolwazi Yoram Lass, kusho lokho i-coronavirus entsha "ayiyona ingozi kunomkhuhlane" futhi izindlela zokukhiya „zizobulala abantu abaningi kunegciwane". Uyanezela ukuthi "izinombolo azifani nokwethuka" futhi "i-psychology iyabusa phezu kwesayensi". Ubuye aphawule ukuthi "i-Italy yaziwa ngokugula okukhulu ezinkingeni zokuphefumula, ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezintathu kunanoma yiliphi elinye izwe laseYurophu."
• UPietro Vernazza, uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo zaseSwitzerland, uthi eziningi zezinyathelo ezibekiwe azisekelwe kwisayensi futhi kufanele iguqulwe. Ngokusho kukaVernazza, ukuhlolwa kwabantu abaningi akunangqondo ngoba abantu abangama-90% ngeke babone zimpawu, futhi ukuvalwa kwezikole nokuvalwa kwezikole "kuphikisana". Uncoma ukuthi kuvikelwe kuphela amaqembu anobungozi ngenkathi kugcinwa umnotho nomphakathi kungaphazanyiswa.
• UMongameli we-World Doctors Federation, uFrank Ulrich Montgomery, ukhuluma lokho Izinyathelo zokuvala phansi njengase-Italy "azinangqondo" futhi "ziyakhiqiza" futhi kufanele zihlehliswe.
• ISwitzerland: Naphezu kokwesaba kwabezindaba, ukushona ngokweqile kuseseduze noma eduze ne-zero: i-testpositive yakamuva "Izisulu" bekuyi-96yo ekunakekelweni kokuthambisa kanye ne-97yo enezimo esezikhona.

Mashi 24, 2020

• I-UK isuse i-Covid19 ohlwini olusemthethweni lwe-High Consequence Infectious Diseases (HCID), ithi amazinga okufa kwabantu "Jikelele ongaphakeme".
• Umqondisi we-German National Health Institute (RKI) avunyelwe ukuthi babala konke ukufa okuvivinywa, kungakhathalekile ukuthi yini imbangela yokufa, njengoba "coronavirus ukufa". Isilinganiso seminyaka yomuntu oshonile sineminyaka engama-82, iningi linemibandela ebucayi. Njengakwamanye amazwe amaningi, ukushona ngokweqile ngenxa yeCovid19 kungenzeka kusondele zero eJalimane.
• Imibhede esezigumbini ezinakekela abagulayo zaseSwitzerland ezigcinelwe iziguli zeCovid19 isekhona "Ikakhulukazi ayinalutho".
• USolwazi waseJalimane uKarin Moelling, owayenguSihlalo we-Medical Virology e-University of Zurich, usho kanje interview ukuthi iCovid19 "alikho igciwane elibulalayo" nokuthi "ukwethuka kufanele kuphele".

Mashi 25, 2020

• Isazi sokuzivikela komzimba kanye nesazi sezobuthi saseJalimane, uSolwazi Stefan Hockertz, uchaza ku interview radio ukuthi i-Covid19 ayiyona ingozi njengomkhuhlane (umkhuhlane), kepha ukuthi ibonwa eduze kakhulu. Okuyingozi ukwedlula igciwane ukwesaba nokwethuka okudalwe abezindaba kanye "nokusabela kobushiqela" kohulumeni abaningi. UProfesa Hockertz uphawula nokuthi iningi labantu okuthiwa yi- deaths corona ukufa “empeleni libulawe ngezinye izimbangela kanti futhi lihlolwa ukuthi linamagciwane e-coronavirus. UHockertz ukholelwa ukuthi kuze kube izikhathi eziphindwe kayishumi abantu ababikiwe sebevele benayo iCovid19 kodwa abaqapheli lutho noma okuncane kakhulu.
• I-virologist yase-Argentina kanye nesazi samakhemikhali uPablo Goldschmidt sichaza ukuthi iCovid19 iyi ayingozi ngaphezu komkhuhlane omubi noma umkhuhlane. Kungenzeka nokuthi igciwane leCovid19 lisakaze vele eminyakeni engaphambili, kodwa ayitholakali ngoba akekho owayeyifuna. UDkt.Goldschmidt ukhuluma "ngokwesaba komhlaba" okwenziwe ngabezindaba nezepolitiki. Unyaka nonyaka, uthi, izingane ezisanda kuzalwa eziyizigidi ezintathu emhlabeni wonke kanye nabantu abadala abangama-50,000 XNUMX e-US kuphela babulawa yi-pneumonia.
• USolwazi Martin Exner, inhloko ye-Institute for Hygiene e-University of Bonn, kuchaza kwinhlolokhono kungani abasebenzi bezempilo okwamanje bengaphansi kwengcindezi, noma ngabe kungakabi bikho ukwanda enanini leziguli eJalimane kuze kube manje: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, odokotela nabahlengikazi abahlolwe ukuthi banegciwane kumele bahlukaniswe futhi kuvame ukuba nzima ukubabuyisela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abahlengikazi abavela emazweni angomakhelwane, abahlinzeka ngengxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa, njengamanje abakwazi ukungena kuleli ngenxa yemingcele evaliwe.
• USolwazi Julian Nida-Ruemelin, owayenguNgqongqoshe Wezwe Wezamasiko waseJalimane kanye noSolwazi Wezokuziphatha, uveza ukuthi i-Covid19 ayibeki ubungozi kubantu abanempilo futhi nokuthi izinyathelo ezeqisayo ezifana nesikhathi sokubekwa ekhaya azifanelekile.
• Usebenzisa imininingwane evela kumkhumbi we-cruise Diamond Princess, uSolwazi waseStanford uJohn Ioannidis wabonisa ukuthi ubungozi obulungiswa ngeminyaka yobudala beCovid19 buphakathi kuka-0.025% no-0.625%, okusho ukuthi kubanga lomkhuhlane onamandla noma umkhuhlane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, a Ucwaningo lwaseJapan ikhombisile ukuthi kubo bonke abagibeli abanesivivinyo, futhi ngaphandle kweminyaka emaphakathi ephezulu, ama-48% asele akunazimpawu ngokuphelele; ephakathi kwabaneminyaka engama-80-89 abaneminyaka engama-48% bahlala bengenazo izimpawu, kanti phakathi kwabaneminyaka engama-70 kuya kwengama-79 kwakungu-60% omangazayo ongazange abe nazimpawu nhlobo. Lokhu futhi kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi ngabe izifo esezivele zikhona mhlawumbe akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu kunegciwane uqobo. Isibonelo se-Italy sikhombisile lokho Ama-99% okufa okuhlolwa ukuthi analo yini uvivinyo ibinemibandela eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ebivele ikhona, futhi naphakathi kwalezi, kuphela Izitifiketi zokushona eziyi-12% kushiwo i-Covid19 njengesizathu esiyimbangela.

Mashi 26, 2020 (I)

• USA: I idatha yakamuva yase-US kaMashi 25 kukhombisa ukwehla kwenani lezifo ezinjengomkhuhlane ezweni lonke, imvamisa yazo manje esengaphansi kakhulu kwesilinganiso seminyaka eminingi. Izinyathelo zikahulumeni zingakhishwa njengezizathu zalokhu, njengoba bezisebenza isikhathi esingaphansi kwesonto.

E-USA: Kwehla izifo ezifana nemikhuhlane (Mashi 25, 2020, KINSA)

• Germany: I umbiko wakamuva womkhuhlane waseJalimane uRobert Koch Institute kaMashi 24 ubhala "ukwehla ezweni lonke emsebenzini wezifo zokuphefumula ezinzima": Isibalo sezifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nenani lokuhlala ezibhedlela ezibangelwa yizo lingaphansi kwezinga leminyaka edlule futhi okwamanje liyaqhubeka ukwenqaba. I-RKI iyaqhubeka: „Ukwanda kwesibalo sokuvakasha kukadokotela ngeke kuchazwe njengamanje ngamagciwane omkhuhlane ajikeleza umphakathi noma yi-SARS-CoV-2."

IJalimane: Kwehla izifo ezifana nemikhuhlane (20 Mashi 2020, RKI)

• Italy: Udokotela wezilwane odumile wase-Italy uGiulio Tarro uthi ukuthi inani lokufa kweCovid19 lingaphansi kwe-1% ngisho nase-Italy ngakho-ke lifaniswa nomkhuhlane. Amanani aphezulu avela kuphela ngoba akukho mehluko owenziwayo phakathi kokufa no-Covid19 nangenxa yokuthi inani labantu (abangenazimpawu) abangenwe yileli gciwane libukelwa phansi kakhulu.
• UK: Ababhali besifundo seBritish Imperial College, ababikezela ukuthi kuzofa abantu abayi-500,000, babuye banciphise ukubikezela kwabo. Ngemuva kwalokho uyavuma ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yokufa kwabantu abane-test iyingxenye yokufa okujwayelekile, manje sebethi inani eliphakeme lalesi sifo ingafinyelelwa emasontweni amabili kuya kwamathathu kakade.
• UK: I-British Guardian kubika ngoFebhuwari 2019 ukuthi ngisho nasesikhathini somkhuhlane ngokuvamile esibuthakathaka u-2018/2019 kwakukhona ukwamukelwa okungaphezulu kwama-2180 okuhlobene nomkhuhlane emayunithi okunakekelwa kwabagula kakhulu e-UK.
• Switzerland: ESwitzerland, ukushona okweqile ngenxa yeCovid19 ngokusobala kusese zero. Isisulu sakamuva "esibulalayo" esethulwe ngabezindaba yi Owesifazane oneminyaka eyikhulu. Noma kunjalo, uhulumeni waseSwitzerland uyaqhubeka nokuqinisa izindlela zokuvimbela.

Mashi 26, 2020 (II)

• Sweden: ISweden kuze kube manje isilandele isu elinenkululeko enkulu ekubhekaneni neCovid19, okuyi kusekelwe ezimisweni ezimbili: Amaqembu anobungozi ayavikelwa futhi abantu abanezimpawu zomkhuhlane bahlala emakhaya. „Uma ulandela le mithetho emibili, asikho isidingo sezinye izindlela, umphumela wazo umane nje useceleni,” kusho isazi sezifo esiyinhloko u-Anders Tegnell. Impilo yezenhlalo nezomnotho izoqhubeka ngokujwayelekile. Ukujaha okukhulu kwezibhedlela kuze kube manje kwehlulekile ukwenzeka, kusho uTegnell.
• Isazi sezomthetho sobugebengu nomthethosisekelo waseJalimane uDkt Jessica Hamed ukhuluma lokho Izinyathelo ezinjengokuvinjelwa isikhathi esivamile nokuvinjelwa kokuxhumana kungukuphazanyiswa okukhulu nokungenakulinganiswa kwamalungelo ayisisekelo enkululeko ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi "konke akukho emthethweni".
• The umbiko wakamuva wokuqapha waseYurophu ekufeni kukonke kuyaqhubeka ukukhombisa amanani ajwayelekile noma angaphansi kwesilinganiso kuwo wonke amazwe nakuwo wonke amaqembu wobudala, kepha manje nge okuhlukile: eqenjini leminyaka engama-65 + e-Italy kubikezelwa inani lokufa kwabantu njengamanje (okubizwa ngokuthi yi-delay-adjusted z-score), okungukuthi, nokho, kusengaphansi kwamanani amagagasi omkhuhlane ka-2017 nango-2018.

Mashi 27, 2020 (I)

ItalyNgokuya kwe- idatha yakamuva eshicilelwe nguMnyango Wezempilo wase-Italy, inani lokufa kwabantu manje seliphezulu kakhulu kuwo wonke amaqembu eminyaka engaphezu kwengama-65 ubudala, ngemuva kokuba ngaphansi kwesilinganiso ngenxa yobusika obumnandi. Kuze kube ngo-Mashi 14, ukushona okuphelele kwakusengaphansi kwenkathi yomkhuhlane ka-2016/2017, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi bese kuyidlulile okwamanje. Iningi lalaba bantu abashona ngokweqile njengamanje livela enyakatho ye-Italy. Kodwa-ke, indima ngqo yeCovid19, uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezinjengokwethuka, ukuwa kwezempilo kanye nokukhiya uqobo, akukacaci.

France: Ngokuvumelana ne imininingwane yakamuva evela eFrance, ukufa jikelele ezingeni likazwelonke kuhlala ngaphakathi kobubanzi obujwayelekile ngemuva kwenkathi yomkhuhlane omncane. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izifunda, ikakhulukazi enyakatho-mpumalanga yeFrance, inani lokushona jikelele eqenjini elingaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 selivele likhuphuke kakhulu mayelana neCovid19 (bona isithombe esingezansi).

IFrance nayo ihlinzeka imininingwane eningiliziwe ekusatshalalisweni kweminyaka kanye nemibandela ebivele ikhona yeziguli ezinakekela abagulayo ezihlolwa kakhulu neziguli ezingasekho (bheka isithombe esingezansi)

• Isilinganiso seminyaka ye- oshonile yiminyaka ye-81.2.
• U-78% wabashonile ubengaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala; Ama-93% ayengaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• U-2.4% wabashonile ubengaphansi kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala futhi bebengenakho ukugula (okwaziwayo) phambilini
• Isilinganiso seminyaka ye- iziguli ezinakekelwa kakhulu yiminyaka ye-65.
• Ama-26% eziguli ezinakekelwa kakhulu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala; Ama-67% anezifo ezedlule.
• I-17% yeziguli ezinakekela kakhulu zineminyaka engaphansi kwengama-65 ubudala futhi azinakho ukugula kwangaphambilini.

Iziphathimandla zaseFrance zengeza ukuthi "ingxenye yesifo esiwumkhuhlane (i-Covid-19) ekufeni kwabantu bonke isazobhekwa."

USA: Umcwaningi uStephen McIntyre ihlole imininingwane esemthethweni ngokufa ngenxa ye-pneumonia e-US Imvamisa kuba nokufa okuphakathi kuka 3000 no 5500 ngesonto futhi ngaleyo ndlela kube ngaphezulu kakhulu kwezibalo zamanje zeCovid19. I- isibalo sonke lokufa kwabantu e-US kuphakathi kuka-50,000 60,000 no-2020 ngeviki. (Qaphela: Igrafu engezansi, izibalo zakamuva zangoMashi XNUMX azikakavuselelwa ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke ijika liyawa).

I-Great Britain:

• UNeil Ferguson wase-Imperial College eLondon manje kuthatha ukuthi i-UK inamandla anele emayunithi okunakekelwa kwezibhedlela ezigula kakhulu ukwelapha iziguli zeCovid19.
• UJohn Lee, uSolwazi Emeritus wePathology, ukhuluma lokho indlela ethile amacala we-Covid-19 abhaliswe ngayo iholela ekuqapheleni ngokweqile ubungozi obudalwe yi-Covid19 uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane ojwayelekile namacala abandayo.

Ezinye izihloko:

• A isifundo sokuqala ngabaphenyi baseStanford University bakhombisile ukuthi iziguli ezingama-20 kuye kuma-25% eziguli ezinesifo i-Covid19 zihlolwe zinegciwane lokungezelela kweminye imikhuhlane noma amagciwane abandayo.
• Inani lezicelo zomshwalense wokungasebenzi e-US lenyuka laya kwirekhodi le- ngaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu. Kulo mongo, kucijile ukwanda kokuzibulala kulindeleke futhi.
• Isiguli sokuqala esine-test eJalimane manje sesiluleme. Ngokwesitatimende sakhe, indoda eneminyaka engu-33 ubudala ibike yahlangabezana nokugula "Akukubi njengomkhuhlane".
• Imithombo yezindaba yaseSpain umbiko ukuthi izivivinyo ezilwa namagciwane ngokushesha zeCovid19 zinokuzwela okungama-30% kuphela, yize kufanele okungenani kube ngama-80%.
• A funda kusuka eChina e2003 uphethe ngokuthi amathuba okufa kwaSARS angaphezulu ngama-84% kubantu abadalulwe ukungcoliswa komoya okulingene kuneziguli ezivela ezifundeni ezinomoya ohlanzekile. Ingozi iphakeme ngisho nangama-200% kubantu abavela ezindaweni ezinomoya ongcolile kakhulu.
• Inethiwekhi yaseJalimane Yemithi Esuselwe Ebufakazini (i-EbM) ugxeka ukubikwa kwabezindaba ku-Covid19: coverage Ukusakazwa kwabezindaba akucabangi ngandlela thile izindlela zokuxhumana ezinobungozi ezisuselwe ebufakazini esizifunile. () Ukwethulwa kwedatha eluhlaza ngaphandle kokubhekisela kwezinye izimbangela zokufa kuholela ekuqaphelisweni kobungozi ".

Mashi 27, 2020 (II)

• Umcwaningi waseJalimane uDkt Richard Capek uphikisana nokuhlaziywa kwamanani ukuthi "ubhadane lweCorona" empeleni, "ubhadane lwezivivinyo". UCapek ukhombisa ukuthi ngenkathi inani lezivivinyo likhuphuke kakhulu, inani lezifo lihlala lizinzile nokufa kwehlile, okukhulumayo ngokumelene ukubhebhetheka kwegciwane uqobo (bheka ngezansi).
• Uprofesa waseJalimane we-Virology uDkt Carsten Scheller wase-University of Würzburg kuchaza ku-podcast ukuthi iCovid19 nakanjani ifana nomkhuhlane futhi kuze kube manje iholele nasekufeni okumbalwa. USolwazi Scheller usola ukuthi amajika wokuchazwa avame ukwethulwa kwabezindaba ahlobene kakhulu ne ukwanda kwenani lezivivinyo kunokusakazeka okungajwayelekile kwegciwane ngokwalo. Emazweni anjengeJalimane, i-Italy ayisona isibonelo esihle kuneJapan kanye neSouth Korea. Ngaphandle kwezigidi zabavakashi baseChina kanye nemikhawulo emincane yezenhlalo, la mazwe awakasitholi isimo esibucayi seCovid19. Isizathu esisodwa salokhu kungaba ukugqokwa kwamaski omlomo: Lokhu ngeke kuvikele ukutheleleka, kepha kunganciphisa ukusakazeka kwegciwane ngabantu abanegciwane.
• The Izibalo zakamuva ezivela eBergamo (idolobha) kukhombisa ukuthi inani eliphelele lokufa kwabantu ngoMashi 2020 lenyuke lisuka kubantu abali-150 ngenyanga laya kubantu abalinganiselwa ku-450. Akukacaci kahle ukuthi lokhu bekungakanani ngenxa yeCovid19 nokuthi bekuyini ingxenye ngenxa yezinye izinto ezinjengokwesaba okukhulu, ukuwa kwesistimu kanye nokukhiya uqobo. Ngokusobala isibhedlela sasedolobheni sagcwala abantu besifunda sonke futhi sawa.
• Ochwepheshe ababili bezokwelapha baseStanford, uDkt Eran Bendavid noDkt Jay Bhattacharya, bayachaza esihlokweni ukuthi ubungozi beCovid19 bukhulu kakhulu ngama-oda amaningi wobukhulu futhi mhlawumbe nase-Italy kuphela ngo-0.01% kuya ku-0.06% ngakho-ke ungaphansi kwalowo womkhuhlane. Isizathu salokhu kucubungula ngokweqile isibalo esingabhekiwe kakhulu sabantu asebavele bethelelekile (ngaphandle kwezimpawu). Njengesibonelo, umphakathi wase-Italy ohlolwe ngokuphelele weVo uyashiwo, okhombisile U-50 kuya ku-75% wokuhlolwa okungenazimpawu abantu.
• UDkt Gerald Gaß, uMongameli we-German Hospital Association, uchaze ku ingxoxo ne-Handelsblatt ukuthi "isimo esibi kakhulu e-Italy ikakhulu singenxa yamandla aphansi kakhulu okunakekelwa kwabagula kakhulu".
• UDkt.Wolfgang Wodarg, ongomunye we abagxeki bokuqala kanye nezwi we "Covid19 uvalo", kwaba kukhishwe okwesikhashana ngebhodi le I-Transparency Internantional Germany, lapho ahola khona iqembu elisebenza ngezempilo. UWodarg ubevele ehlaselwe kanzima ngabezindaba ngokumgxeka kwakhe.
• I-whistleblower ye-NSA u-Edward Snowden uxwayisa lokho ohulumeni basebenzisa isimo esikhona njengamanje ukukhulisa isimo sokuqapha futhi banqande amalungelo ayisisekelo. Izindlela zokulawula ezisetshenzisiwe njengamanje ngeke zadilizwa ngemuva kwenkinga.

 

Inani elandayo lezivivinyo lithola i- ngokulinganayo inani lezifo, isilinganiso sihlala njalo, Okhulumayo ngokumelene ubhadane oluqhubekayo lwegciwane (uDkt. Richard Capek, idatha yase-US)

Mashi 28, 2020

• A isifundo esisha se-University of Oxford uphetha ngokuthi iCovid19 kungenzeka ukuthi yayivele ikhona e-UK kusukela ngoJanuwari 2020 nokuthi isigamu sabantu kungenzeka ukuthi sesivele sigonyiwe, iningi labantu lingatholi zimpawu noma zincane. Lokhu kungasho lokho munye kuphela kubantu abayinkulungwane kuzodingeka ukuthi alaliswe esibhedlela ngeCovid19. (Study)
• Abezindaba baseBrithani kubikiwe owesifazane oneminyaka engama-21 „owabulawa yiCovid19 ngaphandle kokugula phambilini“. Noma kunjalo, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kwaziwe ukuthi lo wesifazane akazange ahlolwe ukuthi une-Covid19 futhi wabulawa yinhliziyo. Amahemuhemu aseCovid19 ayesevele "ngoba wayenokukhwehlela okuncane".
• Usosayensi wezindaba waseJalimane uSolwazi Otfried Jarren ukugxekile lokho kwabezindaba abaningi ukuhlinzeka ngobuntatheli obungagxili lokho kugcizelela izinsongo namandla okuphatha. Ngokusho kukaProfesa Jarren, akukho mahluko kanye nempikiswano yangempela phakathi kochwepheshe.

Mashi 29, 2020

• UDkt Sucharit Bhakdi, uSolwazi Emeritus we-Medical Microbiology eMainz, eJalimane, wabhala i Incwadi Evulekele Ukhansela WaseJalimane uDkt Angela Merkel, efuna ukubuyekezwa okuphuthumayo kwempendulo kuCovid19 nokubuza iKhansela imibuzo emihlanu ebalulekile.
• The idatha yakamuva evela ku-German Robert Koch Institute khombisa ukuthi ukwanda kwabantu abane-test kuyalingana nokwanda kwenani lezivivinyo, okungukuthi ngokwemigomo yamaphesenti ihlala icishe ifane. Lokhu kungakhombisa ukuthi ukwanda kwesibalo samacala ikakhulu kubangelwa ukwanda kwenani lezivivinyo, hhayi ngenxa yomqedazwe oqhubekayo.
• Isazi seMilan microbiologist uMaria Rita Gismondo kubiza uhulumeni wase-Italy ukuyeka ukuxhumana nenombolo yansuku zonke ye- "corona positives" njengoba lezi zibalo "zingamanga" futhi zifaka abantu ethukile ngokungadingekile. Inani lama-test-positives lincike kakhulu ohlotsheni nasenanini lezivivinyo futhi alisho lutho ngesimo sempilo.
• UDkt John Ioannidis, uStanford Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, unikele ngokujulile ingxoxo yehora elilodwa ngokushoda kwedatha yezinyathelo zeCovid19.
• Isazi se-virologist sase-Argentina uPablo Goldschmidt, ohlala eFrance, ubheka ukusabela kwezepolitiki kuCovid19 "njengehaba ngokuphelele" futhi uxwayisa "Izinyathelo zobushiqela". Ezingxenyeni ezithile zeFrance, ukuhamba kwabantu sekubhekiwe kakade ngama-drones.
• Umbhali wase-Italy uFulvio Grimaldi, owazalwa ngo-1934, uchaza ukuthi izinyathelo zombuso ezisetshenziswa njengamanje e-Italy "Kubi kakhulu kunangaphansi kobu-fascism". IPhalamende nomphakathi abanamandla ngokuphelele.

Mashi 30, 2020 (I)

• EJalimane, eminye imitholampilo ayisakwazi ukwamukela iziguli - hhayi ngoba kuneziguli eziningi kakhulu noma imibhede embalwa kakhulu, kodwa ngoba abasebenzi abahlengikazi batholile ukuthi banalo, noma ezimweni eziningi abakhombisi zimpawu. Leli cala likhombisa futhi ukuthi kungani futhi kungani izinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zikhubazeka.
• Ekhaya laseJalimane lokuthatha umhlalaphansi nelasebekhulile labantu abanokuwohloka komqondo okuthuthukile, abantu abangu-15 abanesivivinyo ushonile. Kodwa-ke, ngokumangazayo abantu abaningi bashonile ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu ze-corona"Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha waseJalimane uyasazisa:„ Ngokombono wami wezokwelapha, kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi abanye balaba bantu kungenzeka ukuthi bafa ngenxa yezinyathelo ezithathiwe. Abantu abanenkinga yokuwohloka komqondo baba nengcindezi enkulu lapho kwenziwa izinguquko ezinkulu ezimpilweni zabo zansuku zonke: ukuhlala wedwa, ukungathintwa ngokomzimba, mhlawumbe nabasebenzi abanezigqoko. Mayelana ne- "corona crisis", manje kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ubulawe ukugula ngaphandle kokuba nezimpawu zako.
• Ngokuvumelana ne udokotela wemithi waseSwitzerland, iSwitzerland Inselspital eBern iphoqe abasebenzi ukuthi bathathe ikhefu, yamisa izindlela zokwelapha futhi yahlehlisa imisebenzi ngenxa yokwesaba iCovid19.
• UProfessor Gérard Krause, inhloko yoMnyango Wezezifo EGerman Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, uxwayisa kuthelevishini yomphakathi yaseJalimane iZDF ukuthi i-anti-corona ilinganisa „kungaholela ekufeni kwabantu abaningi kunaleli gciwane uqobo".
• Abezindaba abahlukahlukene babike ukuthi bangaphezu kuka-50 odokotela e-Italy asebevele bafa "ngesikhathi senhlekelele ye-corona", njengamasosha empini. Ukuthi shazi ku uhlu oluhambisanayo, nokho, kukhombisa ukuthi iningi labantu abashonile odokotela asebethathe umhlalaphansi bezinhlobo ezahlukene, kubandakanya odokotela bengqondo abaneminyaka engama-90 kanye nodokotela bezingane, iningi labo okungenzeka ukuthi babulawa yizimbangela zemvelo.
• An ucwaningo olunzulu e-Iceland bathole ukuthi u-50% wabo bonke abantu abane-test abakhombisanga "zimpawu", kanti abanye u-50% bakhombisa kakhulu "izimpawu ezifana nokubanda kakhulu". Ngokuya ngemininingwane yase-Iceland, inani lokufa kwabantu baseCovid19 liku- ngemilele ngayinye ububanzi, okusho ukuthi kububanzi bomkhuhlane noma ngezansi. Kwababili abanesivivinyo ukufa, omunye "wayeyisihambi esinezimpawu ezingajwayelekile". (Imininingwane eminingi ye-Icelandic)
• Intatheli yaseBritish Daily Mail uPeter Hitchens ubhala, „Kunobufakazi obunamandla balolu daba olukhulu lobuwula. Noma kunjalo inkululeko yethu isaphukile nomnotho wethu ukhubazekile. "UHitchens uveza ukuthi ezingxenyeni ezithile ze-UK, izindiza zamaphoyisa ukuqapha nokubika "Ukuhamba okungadingekile" emvelweni. Kwezinye izimo, ama-drones amaphoyisa ukubiza abantu ngombhobho ukuya ekhaya ukuze "usindise izimpilo". (Qaphela: Ngisho noGeorge Orwell wayengacabangi kangako ngaphambili.)
• Insizakalo eyimfihlo yase-Italy kuxwayisa iziyaluyalu zomphakathi kanye nemibhikisho. Izitolo ezinkulu sezivele ziphangiwe futhi kwahlaselwa namakhemisi.
• USolwazi Sucharit Bhakdi usesenjalo kushicilelwe ividiyo (IsiJalimane / isiNgisi) lapho echaza khona okwakhe Incwadi Evulekile kuShansela waseJalimane uDkt Angela Merkel.

Mashi 30, 2020 (II)

Emazweni amaningana, kunobufakazi obandayo maqondana neCovid19 bokuthi "ukwelashwa kungaba kubi kakhulu kunesifo".

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunengozi yalokho okuthiwa izifo nosocomial, okungukuthi izifo ezitholwa yisiguli, okungenzeka ukuthi sigula kancane, sizithola esibhedlela. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezifo ezingaba yizigidi ezi-2.5 ze-nosocomial kanye nokufa kwabantu abangama-50,000 15 ngonyaka eYurophu. Ngisho nasezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwabagula kakhulu eJalimane, iziguli ezingaba ngu-XNUMX% zithola ukutheleleka nge-nosocomial, kufaka phakathi i-pneumonia ekuphefumuleni okufakelwayo. Kukhona futhi inkinga yamagciwane amelana nemithi elwa namagciwane ezibhedlela.

Esinye isici izindlela zokwelashwa ezinezinhloso ezinhle kepha kwesinye isikhathi ezinolaka kakhulu ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezigulini zeCovid19. Lokhu kufaka, ikakhulukazi, ukuphathwa kwe-steroids, ama-antibiotics kanye nemithi elwa namagciwane (noma inhlanganisela yayo). Kakade ekwelapheni iziguli zakwaSARS-1, sekukhonjisiwe ukuthi umphumela nge impatho enjalo ngokuvamile kubi kakhulu futhi kubulale kakhulu kunaleyo ngaphandle kokwelashwa okunjalo.

Mashi 31, 2020 (I)

UDkt Richard Capek nabanye abacwaningi sezivele zibonisile ukuthi inani labantu abane-test maqondana nenani lezivivinyo ezenziwe ihlala ingaguquguquki kuwo wonke amazwe afundwe kuze kube manje, okukhulumayo ngokumelene ukubhebhetheka komchamo ("ubhubhane") lwegciwane futhi kukhombisa nje ukwanda okwandayo kwenani lezivivinyo.

Ngokuya ngezwe, inani labantu abane-test liphakathi kuka-5 no-15%, okuhambelana nokusabalala okujwayelekile kwama-coronaviruses. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi la manani angaguquguquki wezinombolo awadluliselwa ngenkuthalo (noma isuswe) yiziphathimandla nabezindaba. Esikhundleni salokho, amajika achazayo kodwa angasebenzi futhi adukisayo akhonjiswa ngaphandle komongo.

Ukuziphatha okunjalo, empeleni, akuhambisani nezindinganiso zezokwelapha, njengokubheka kwendabuko umbiko womkhuhlane we-German Robert Koch Institute ucacisa (ikhasi 130, bheka ishadi elingezansi). Lapha, ngaphezu kwenombolo yokutholwa (kwesokudla), inani lamasampuli (kwesobunxele, imigoqo empunga) kanye nezinga elihle (ngakwesobunxele, ijika elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka) liyakhonjiswa.

Lokhu kukhombisa ngokushesha ukuthi ngesikhathi somkhuhlane izinga elifanele lenyuka lisuka ku-0 liye ku-10% laya kuma-80% amasampuli bese lehla libuyele kunani elijwayelekile ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa. Ngokuqhathanisa, izivivinyo zeCovid19 zikhombisa isilinganiso esihle njalo kubanga elijwayelekile (bheka ngezansi).

Isilinganiso se-Constant Covid19-positive sisebenzisa idatha yase-US (uDkt. Richard Capek). Lokhu kusebenza ngokufana kuwo wonke amanye amazwe lapho idatha yenani lamasampuli itholakala njengamanje.

Mashi 31, 2020 (II)

• A ukuhlaziywa kokuqhafaza kwedatha yokuqapha yaseYurophu kukhombisa ngokukhangayo ukuthi, kungakhathalekile ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezithathiwe, inani lokufa kwabantu kulo lonke elaseYurophu lahlala ebangeni elijwayelekile noma ngaphansi ngoMashi 25, futhi kaningi lingaphansi kakhulu kwamazinga eminyaka edlule. Kuphela e-Italy (65+) lapho inani lokufa jikelele lenyuka ngandlela thile (mhlawumbe ngenxa yezizathu ezithile), kepha lalisengaphansi kwezinkathi zomkhuhlane ezedlule.
• Umongameli we-German Robert Koch Institute ukuqinisekisile futhi ukuthi izimo ebezikhona kanye nembangela yangempela yokufa ungadlali indima encazelweni yalokho okubizwa nge- "corona death". Ngokombono wezokwelapha, incazelo enjalo ngokusobala iyakhohlisa. Inomphumela osobala nowaziwa ngokubeka ezombusazwe nomphakathi ngokwesaba.
  • E-Italy isimo manje eqala ukwehlisa umoya. Ngokwazi, amazinga okufa okwenyuka okwesikhashana (65+) kwakuyimiphumela yendawo, imvamisa yayihambisana nokwethuka okukhulu nokuwohloka kokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Usopolitiki osenyakatho ne-Italy ubuza, isibonelo, "kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi iziguli zikaCovid ezivela eBrescia ziyiswe eJalimane, kanti eVerona eseduze izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zemibhede yabagula kakhulu zingenalutho?"
• Esihlokweni esishicilelwe ku- I-European Journal Yokuphenywa Komtholampilo, Uprofesa wezokwelapha waseStanford uJohn C. Ioannidis ugxeka "ukulimala kolwazi olunehaba nezinyathelo ezingekho ebufakazini". Ngisho namaphephabhuku ayeshicilele izimangalo ezithandekayo ekuqaleni.
• Ucwaningo lwaseChina olushicilelwe kufayela le- Ijenali YaseShayina Ye-Epidemiology ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, okwakhombisa ukungathembeki kokuhlolwa kwegciwane le-Covid19 (cishe i-50% imiphumela yokuthola okungamanga ezigulini ezingabonakali), selikhishiwe. Umbhali oholayo wesifundo, umphathi wesikole sobudokotela, akafunanga ukunikeza isizathu sokuhoxa futhi wakhuluma nge-„udaba olubucayi„, Engakhombisa ingcindezi yezepolitiki, njengoba intatheli ye-NPR yaphawula. Ukuzimela kwalolu cwaningo, kodwa-ke, ukungathembeki kwalokhu okubizwa nge-PCR virus virus kwaziwa isikhathi eside: Ngo-2006, isibonelo, ukutheleleka kwabantu abaningi ekhaya lasebekhulile laseCanada eline-SARS coronaviruses "kwatholakala", okwathi kamuva kwaba njalo ama-coronavirus abanda kakhulu (nawo angabulala amaqembu engcupheni).
• Ababhali be- I-RiskNET Yenethiwekhi Yokulawulwa Kwengozi yaseJalimane khuluma ngokuhlaziywa kweCovid19 "wendiza engaboni" kanye "nekhono ledatha elinganele kanye nokuziphatha kwedatha". Esikhundleni sezivivinyo nezinyathelo eziningi ngokwengeziwe, a isampula elimele kuyadingeka. "Umqondo nesilinganiso" sezinyathelo kumele kubuzwe ngokuhlolisisa.
• Ingxoxo yaseSpain nodokotela wezilwane owaziwa umhlaba wonke wase-Argentina-French uPablo Goldschmidt yahunyushelwa olimini lwesiJalimane. UGoldschmidt ubheka izinyathelo ezibekiwe njengeziphikisana ngokwempilo futhi uphawula ukuthi manje umuntu kumele "afunde uHannah Arendt" ukuze aqonde "umsuka wobushiqela".
• UNdunankulu waseHungary uViktor Orban, njengabanye ongqongqoshe kanye nabongameli abangaphambi kwakhe, naye ikakhulukazi engenamandla iphalamende laseHungary ngaphansi "komthetho ophuthumayo" futhi manje selingabusa ngokuyisisekelo.

Okuningi ku-Coronavirus.

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