Uphenyo lwabo lukhombisa ukuthi izinkampani ziyesaba ukugxeka iRussia, ziveze ukuthi ingxenye encane yezinkampani ezinesibindi sokugxeka iRussia. Zingama-28% kuphela izinkampani ebezibambe iqhaza kuleli ezikugxekile ukuhlasela kwe-Ukraine. Amaphesenti angu-72 asele agwema ukubhekana nenkinga ngokwenza izitatimende “ezinomlomo onephunga elimnandi,” noma izaba ezingasho lutho ngempi, noma agcina ukuthula ngokuphelele noma, kwezinye izimo, abonise ubumbano neRussia.
Ku-Moral Rating Agency (MRA) "Courage Index," bahalalisela abaphikisi abangama-34 futhi badalula amagwala angama-88. Inhloso enkulu yale nkampani ukuveza izinkampani ngezinga ezinqamule ngalo ubudlelwano neRussia. Lo mbiko wakamuva ugxile emagameni, nokuthi ingabe amagama afana nezenzo. Izilinganiso ze-MRA zokubandakanyeka kwebhizinisi e-Russia zidalulwe kokuthi MoralRatingAgency.org.
I-“Courage Index” ye-MRA ihlukanisa izitatimende ezigxeka iRussia ngokuthi “inesibindi.” "Amagwala" ezokuxhumana ahlanganisa izitatimende "ezinomlomo omfushane," eziqukethe ezinye izaba ezingabhekiseli ekuhlaselweni, khombisa ubumbano noma ukuzibandakanya okwengeziwe ne-Russia, noma izinkampani zekhava ezithule mayelana nokuhlasela.
Izinkampani ezingamagwala ezingama-88, i-MRA ezizibiza ngokuthi “izisu eziphuzi,” zenza ama-72% ezinkampani ezinkulu eziyi-122 ezithintekayo eRussia (izinkampani eziyi-122 kweziphezulu ezingama-200 emhlabeni zinemisebenzi yokuhweba kanye/noma yokutshala imali eRussia ngesikhathi ukuhlasela). Izinkampani ezingama-34 ezigxeka iRussia zenza ama-28% kuphela.
Ungakhulumi ngempi
UMark Dixon, umsunguli we-MRA, uthe: “Ziningi izilingo zokuba yinkukhu edidiyelwe futhi ungabizi iRussia. Sikholelwa ukuthi umshayeli oyinhloko phakathi kwalabo abasuka eRussia ukugcina izinketho zabo zivulekile esikhathini esizayo uma kunokumiswa kokudubula. Izinkampani ziyazi ukuthi zizoshisa amabhuloho azo uma zigxeka iRussia noma uPutin. Benza ezohwebo hhayi ngokuziphatha.” Izinkampani ezisaseRussia ngokuvamile zikuthola kuwukuzenzisa kakhulu ukukhuluma.
“Izinkampani zikhethe ukugxeka iRussia ngezizathu ezimbili. Abanye babeka isimilo ngaphezu kwemali. Abanye bacabanga ukuthi ngeke babuyele eRussia ngenkathi uPutin esaphethe futhi enquma ukuzuza ekudumiseni kokuziphatha kokukhuluma. Asinandaba uma inkampani ilahla iRussia ngenxa yentukuthelo yokuziphatha noma inzuzo yokuhweba yokubukeka okuhle. Okubalulekile ukuthi iRussia kufanele ithathwe njengeqembu emhlabeni jikelele. ”
Impendulo evame kakhulu evela ezinkampanini ezinesisu esiphuzi kwakuyisitatimende "se-mealy-mouth" (32cases). Izinkampani eziphuma eRussia ezingafuni ukubhekana neRussia zikhethe ngqo lolu hlobo lwamagama angamanzi. Izitatimende ezinjalo zibhekisela empini edabukisayo noma inhlekelele yobuntu ngaphandle kokucaphuna iRussia njengomhlaseli noma ngokunye ukululeka umbuso. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lezi zinkampani ezingama-32, ezaphoqeleka ukuthi zehlise ubudlelwano ngenxa yokugxekwa komhlaba wonke kweRussia, azizange zivezwe ukugxeka iRussia uqobo.
Isibonelo, i-HSBC ithe, “Imicabango yethu ikubo bonke abathintwe ukungqubuzana okuqhubekayo e-Ukraine”; UDell wathi, “Kuyinhlekelele enkulu futhi kudumaza kakhulu ukubona inhlekelele yokusiza abantu”; kanye no-CEO wakwaChevron uMichael Wirth bakhulume “ngesimo esibuhlungu” e-Ukraine (Reuters) ngenkathi inkampani igcina amasheya ayo kuCaspian Pipeline Consortium ehambisa uwoyela waseRussia ezimakethe zomhlaba.
Kube nezigameko ezine zezinkampani ezichaza ukuphuma kwazo eRussia ngezizathu ezifana nezinkinga ze-supply chain. Kube nezigameko eziyisikhombisa zezinkampani ezichazwe yi-MRA “njengabaduki abahlehlayo”: ukukhombisa ubumbano neRussia ngokwandisa ukuzibandakanya nezwe noma ukwenza izitatimende ezisekelayo. Isibonelo u-Tencent, ongumnikazi we-WeChat, ukhiphe isitatimende esixwayisa abasebenzisi abaphawule ngokuhlasela ngesizathu sokuthi kubukela phansi “i-inthanethi ehlanzekile”; Umnikazi wamasheya weSaudi Aramco Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman ubonise ukuzibophezela ku-OPEC Plus, lapho iRussia inguzakwethu oyinhloko weSaudi Arabia; kanye ne-China National Offshore Oil, China National Petroleum, kanye ne-Sinopec baqhubekele phambili ekudubeni ngokuxoxa ngokuthengwa kwesiteki sika-Shell ku-“Sakhalin-II.”
Kuthuleke kubolile
Ukuthula, njengoba bekulindelwe, kwaba ukukhetha kwezinkampani ezingaphumi eRussia. Kodwa-ke, bekubuye kube ukukhetha kwezinye izinkampani eziphuma kancane ezweni. I-Airbus, iComcast nePanasonic zinyakaze zathula njengegundane. Ngisho noSysco noValero Energy, abanqamule zonke izixhumanisi neRussia, bakwenze lokho buthule. Izinkampani zaseShayina ezingavamile ezihoxile kancane eRussia - iBhange LaseChina, iHuawei neLenovo - kulindeleke ukuthi zilandele indlela efanayo.
UMnu. Dixon wathi: “Ukuphuma eRussia ungashongo lutho kuwubugwala obujulile. Lapho inkampani iphuma buthule, noma igwema indlovu ekamelweni, ithunaza umfutho wokufuduka ngokunciphisa ukucindezela kontanga. Ukuvumelana komhlaba wonke kuntekenteke futhi kufanele kuqiniswe ngawo wonke amathuba. Umbono wethu ukuthi amazwi anendaba, futhi ukuthula kuhlangene. "
Amazwi okulwa
Izinkampani ezingama-34 zagxeka iRussia, ezinye zazo ezazibonisa isibindi esibalulekile sokuziphatha. UShell uthe, "Sishaqekile ngokushona kwabantu e-Ukraine, esikuzondayo, okubangelwe yisenzo sobudlova esingenangqondo esibeka engcupheni ezokuphepha zaseYurophu." I-Microsoft ithe, “Njengawo wonke umhlaba, sithukile, sicasukile futhi sidabukile ngezithombe nezindaba ezivela empini yase-Ukraine futhi siyakugxeka lokhu kuhlasela okungenasizathu, okungacunuli nokungekho emthethweni kweRussia” futhi yengeza, “Njengabanye abaningi, sima ne-Ukraine ekuceleni kubuyiswe ukuthula, kuhlonishwe ubukhosi base-Ukraine nokuvikelwa kwabantu bayo.” Isiphakamiso seMicrosoft sokuthi umhlaba omningi ugxeka iRussia sasinethemba njengoba i-MRA ithole ukuthi zingama-28% kuphela ezinkampani ezikhulume kahle, okubeka iMicrosoft ezinkampanini ezimbalwa ezenza kanjalo.
Isitatimende esiqinile sikaShell phakathi nezinsuku zokuhlasela sifanele ukutuswa okukhethekile. UMnu. Dixon wathi: “Inkampani yakwaShell iyinkampani ye-14 emhlabeni wonke echayeke eRussia. Kwathatha ukuma kokuziphatha nakuba kwakunokuningi okwakuzolahleka. Iziqu zikaPutin zangomhla lu-1 kuJulayi zokuthatha iphrojekthi yegesi kanye nowoyela i-Sakhalin II kwaShell nezinye akubanga khona ukumane kuzenzekele.”
Izinkukhu ezincane ukulahlekelwa
UMnu. Dixon waqhubeka, “Izinkampani ezinezisu eziphuzi zivame ukuchayeka kancane eRussia. Igwala elingasabi lutho liyigwala kunawo wonke.”
I-MRA isole lezi zinkampani ezilandelayo, eziphume eRussia, ngokuba amagwala asengozini enkulu: u-Allianz, u-Chevron, uGenerali, iDeutsche Post DHL kanye ne-P&G bonke benze izitatimende “ezinomlomo onephunga elimnandi,” i-US Postal Service yenza izaba, kuyilapho uSysco. wathula. Izinga eliphansi lokuchayeka lezinkampani liboniswa ku-MoralRatingAgency.org.
Izitatimende ezihlekisayo
Kunamacala amathathu ezinkampani ezigxeka iRussia esaqhubeka nezwe. Akucaci noma bebenethemba lokuthola udumo ngamagama kunezenzo. Kunoma yikuphi, umehluko phakathi kwamagama nezenzo ugqamile. Okubalulekile, zontathu izinkampani zisebenzisa igama elithi “ukuhlasela” ezitatimendeni zazo.
AbakwaFord Motor basabambe ubunikazi babo ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto futhi abenzanga zinhlelo zokuthi bahlukane, naphezu kokuthi "ikhathazeke kakhulu ngokuhlaselwa kwe-Ukraine kanye nomphumela wokusongela ukuthula nokuzinza."
I-Engie iyaqhubeka nokungenisa igesi yaseRussia kanye ne-LNG, nokho ithe "iyakugxeka ukuhlasela kwe-Ukraine futhi izwakalisa ukweseka kwayo abantu abathintekile."
Ngaleso sikhathi, iRoche Group iyaqhubeka nokuthumela eRussia, kodwa yathi "ikugxeka kakhulu ukuhlasela kwezwe ngodlame."
Izitayela zezwe
Nakuba iningi lamagwala ezinkampanini zaseNtshonalanga likhethe izitatimende "ezinomlomo onempuphu", izinkampani zaseMpumalanga Asia - amaShayina, amaKorea namaJapan - zivame ukukhetha ukuthula, ukubeka izaba noma "ukuduba." Ngempela, isihloko sokuhlasela sibonakala sivinjelwe ngokuphelele e-China futhi, kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia, kubonakala kwamukelekile ukusigwema.
Ezimweni lapho inkampani ikhiphe izitatimende ezimbalwa mayelana neRussia, i-MRA ihlukanisa inkampani ngesisekelo sesitatimende sayo sokuqala.
I-Ejensi Yokukala Ukuziphatha
I-Moral Rating Agency yasungulwa ukuze ikhiphe i-Russia e-Ukraine futhi isebenzise lo mfutho ukusiza abantu baseRussia abasekela intando yeningi ukuthi bakhiphe u-Putin nombuso wakhe e-Russia. Kamuva, ihlela ukumboza izenzo eziphambene nezimiso zebhizinisi kwezinye izindaba ezibucayi zezepolitiki.
Ukwengeza ekudaluleni, nasekunikezeni izikweletu, izinkampani ngezilinganiso zokuziphatha, i-MRA igcina umthetho. I-Indeible Ledger yezenzo zenkampani ukuze noma yiziphi izinyathelo zokulungisa kamuva zingasuli isileti. Isikhathi siwumongo, ngakho isistimu yokulinganisa ihlanganisa ukungakhuthazi ukubambezeleka ngokudalula nokulandelela lokho okwandulela isenzo sokulungisa sakamuva.
Ngokungafani nama-ejensi okulinganisa e-ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance), anesibopho sezentengiselwano kumakhasimende abo abatshalizimali esikhungweni sokubhekana nezinkinga eziningi ezifiswa yila maklayenti, i-Moral Rating Agency igxila endabeni eyodwa yokuziphatha yebhizinisi, kulokhu Impi yaseRussia-Ukraine.
I-MRA yasungulwa futhi iholwa ngu-Mark Dixon, ophethe isikhungo sokuhlanganisa nokutholwa kwe-Thinking Linking eDolobheni laseLondon naseNew York. Ubengomunye wabasunguli bomhlaziyi wezezimali ku-inthanethi BreakingViews.com, namuhla eyingxenye ye-Thomson Reuters. UMark ubemelene nemibuso yentando yeningi, ikakhulukazi kuhulumeni waseShayina kanye nokuguqulwa kukaPutin kweRussia isuka entandweni yeningi esanda kuzalwa ibe umbuso wentando yeningi ogcwele ngokuphelele. Unokuxhumana komuntu siqu ne-Ukraine ngoba ubenefulethi edolobheni laseLviv kusukela ngo-2010. Ubuye wahlala eChina.
I-MRA inabasebenzi abakhokhelwayo abalinganisa izimilo, abaqinisekisayo, nabahlola amaqiniso abasebenza ngokuvumelana nemithetho yayo. Indlela Yokulinganisa. Iphinde ibe nethimba lasendaweni elibandakanyekayo kwizibalo, ubudlelwano bemidiya, ukukhiqizwa kwesayithi kanye nokushicilela.
I-MRA ayinawo amakhasimende, ubudlelwano bokuhweba bangaphandle, noma izingxabano zanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Izokala futhi ishicilelwe ukuze abathengi, abezindaba kanye nohulumeni bakwazi ukwahlulela izinkampani ngesihloko esisodwa ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuhlobana ezinkampanini ngazinye kanye namaphuzu azo ahlobene kuyagcinwa naphezu kwemvelo yokukhankasa ye-ejensi, njengoba kuchazwe ku Ifilosofi yokulinganisa.
LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:
- The 88 cowardly corporations, which the MRA calls “yellow bellies,” account for 72% of the 122 largest companies involved in Russia (122 of the top 200 corporations in the world had trading and/or investment activities in Russia at the time of the invasion).
- Such statements refer to the war being tragic or a humanitarian disaster without citing Russia as the invader or otherwise admonishing the regime.
- For example Tencent, which owns WeChat, issued a statement admonishing users who commented on the invasion on the grounds it undermines a “clean cyberspace”.
