Amasonto ase-Egypt anika intsha empofu uhambo lokufundisa ezindaweni ezimpofu

Yize impofu eGibhithe, idolobhana laseFayoum kanye nabanye abangomakhelwane babamba intsha empofu ngenkathi benza imikhosi yezenkolo, bekhumbula uhambo loMndeni oNgcwele eGibhithe. Eqinisweni, muva nje, izindela zesonto le-Holy Family zigubhe iminyaka eyi-100 ye-convent edolobheni lase-al-Mansurah. IBandla likaJesu iNkosi liphinde lagubha ijubili lalo ledayimane phambi kukaMbhishobhi Macarius Tawfiq, uMbhishobhi weCoptic Catholic Church e-Ismailyah, kusho uRobeir Faris weRose Al Yusef. Isifundabhishobhi saseLatin eGibhithe siphinde sakhipha incwadi enesihloko esithi Various Hymns of Virgin Mary and Prayers for the Rosy Praising ehlanganisa amaculo angama-20 eNcasakazi uMariya ebhalwe ngesi-Arabhu nangesiLatini.

Umndeni oNgcwele wahamba waya eGibhithe, ubalekela ulaka lwenkosi uHerode. Badabula izigodi ezicashile, izindawo ezinde zogwadule, benqamula amathafa angaziwa enkangala yaseSinayi, phezu kwezintaba eziyingozi namamayela ngamakhilomitha ezindawo ezingenalutho. Yonke imikhondo uMndeni oNgcwele owakhuluma ngayo ekuhambeni kwawo eGibhithe yabhalwa nguPapa Theopilus, uMbhishobhi wama-23 wase-Alexandria. E-Old Cairo, endaweni manje eyaziwa ngokuthi uMisr El Kadima, kunezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho umthelela ongokomoya wokuba khona koMndeni Ongcwele wezwakala khona. Kule ndawo, eFustat yilapho umbusi acasulwa ukuwa kwezithombe njengoba uJesu esondela. I-Abu Serga noma i-St. Sergius (indlu ye-crypt yoMndeni Ongcwele) kanye nendawo yonke ye-Fort yaseBhabhiloni isiphenduke indawo yokuvakasha hhayi nje kwabaseGibhithe kodwa nezigidi zamaKristu emhlabeni jikelele. Ngakho, amasonto ayakujabulela ukwamukela izinkulungwane zezingane kulezi zindawo ezingcwele.

”Lisebenzisa isikhathi sokuphumula sentsha eholidini laphakathi nonyaka, i-Church of the Sacred Heart eNew Cairo yamemezela uhlelo oluhlanganisa ingqungquthela yezifundo zomoya zezigaba ezahlukene zesikole esigodlweni sezindela saseCarmelite eFayoum. Ibandla lihlela ukuvakashela izindawo ezimpofu nezimpofu eFayoum ukuze linikeze abantu basedolobheni izingubo zokugqoka nokudla. Izibhishobhi ezimbili zaseSohag nase-Ismailyah zenze ingqungquthela yentsha eLuxor ukuze ifunde amavesi eBhayibheli, futhi ihambe nohambo lwamahhala lokubuka izindawo eLuxor,” kusho uFaris, wengeza ngokuthi namabandla ase-Old Cairo nawo. hambisa izinkambo eziningi ezindlini zezindela zase-Wadi al-Natrun, oLwandle Olubomvu kanye nase-St. Mina e-King Marriot, ngaphansi koMbhishobhi Selwanes, isekela likapapa. Amabandla ase-Helwan, ngaphansi kukaMbhishobhi Besenti, nawo ahambela e-Luxor nase-Aswan.

Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Association of St. Mina the Miraculous for Coptic Studies e-Alexandria ikhiphe udaba olukhethekile lwe-Rakuti Magazine, nomhleli omkhulu enza isici esithi 'Lights on Coptic Studies' esiphethe izihloko eziningi ezivela empucukweni yamaCoptic (njengamaphigogo. kubuciko be-Coptic, ama-ambos e-Coptic Churches kanye ne-Aswan enkathini yamaCoptic) yokufundisa intsha ngenkathi ikhefu lesikole.

Ezinye izindawo zokuhlala e- Fayoum:
Enye\ indawo abangaya kuyo eFayoum isizinda semivubukulo- indawo yakudala eyavubukulwa umkhankaso wemivubukulo evela eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, eLos Angeles (UCLA). E-Fayoum, umkhankaso waseMelika wathola indawo yokuhlala ye-Neolithic engaguquki kanye nezinsalela zesigodi saseGraeco-Roman ngenkathi kwenziwa inhlolovo kazibuthe.

Lokhu kutholwa kwenziwa lapho ithimba lihlola indawo ngenkathi licwaninga ngokushintshashintsha kwamazinga amanzi echibini, okubangele ukuthi izinto zobuciko zimbozwe ngamamitha enhlabathi noma zisuswe kakhulu ukuguguleka. Lesi siza sake sambiwa nguGertrude Caton-Thompson ngo-1925, owathola izinsalela ezimbalwa ze-Neolithic. Kodwa-ke, ithimba le-UCLA libe nenhlolovo kazibuthe efike endaweni yokuhlala inkulu kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe, futhi ihlanganisa izinsalela zezindonga zezitini zodaka kanye nezingcezu zobumba.

Isakhiwo esijwayelekile sesigodi sase-Qaret Al-Rusas, engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yeLake Qarun, ngaphandle kokumba, yembula imigqa yodonga ecacile nemigwaqo ngephethini ye-orthogonal evamile yenkathi yamaGraeco-Roman. Le ndawo yayimbozwe amanzi eLake Qarun ngesikhathi esingaziwa nangesikhathi esingaziwa, njengoba kungekona nje kuphela ukuthi ingaphezulu lilinganiswe ngokuphelele kodwa izindengezi namakhekheba e-limestone ambozwe ungqimba oluwugqinsi lwe-calcium carbonate, ngokuvamile olubonisa ukuma. amanzi ajulile angama-30-40cm.

Ukumbiwa kunwetshelwe eKaranis onqenqemeni olusenyakatho lwe-Faiyum depression lapho kungabonwa khona izinsalela zedolobha laseGraeco-Roman. Ithimba laseNyuvesi yaseMichigan ligubhe le ndawo phakathi kuka-1926 no-1935, futhi lathola amakhaya asesimweni esihle kakhulu anezinsalela eziningi eziphilayo eziye zasinda phakathi neminyaka. Kodwa-ke, isiza asizange sigcwaliswe emuva, futhi ngenxa yalokho kube nomonakalo odalwe yimvula nokuguguleka komoya. Ukumba endaweni kwatholakala izinsalela zomfula wasendulo noma ichibi. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakungakaziwa ukuthi lo mthombo wamanzi ahlanzekile wawukhona yini eduze kwedolobha noma eminyakeni yangaphambili. Inhloso enkulu yocwaningo kwakuwukuqonda kangcono izinsalela zemivubukulo kanye ne-zoo-archaeological e-Karanis esimweni esimbiwe kahle, kanye nokuqonda impilo nemisebenzi yezomnotho yabantu ababehlala e-Karanis e-Fayoum.

Futhi e-Fayoum, i-Grand Museum yase-Egypt inkulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni enezinto zobuciko ezingu-80,000. Inezingxenye zangaphandle nezangaphakathi kanye nesithombe esikhulu kunazo zonke seRamses II, sisuke endaweni yaso edumile eRamses Square eCairo, sayiswa emnyango womnyuziyamu.

Izingane zaseGibhithe zingaba nenqwaba yemfundo ngaphandle kokuchitha imali eningi. Phela, i-Egypt iyinhloko-dolobha yempucuko yasendulo ngempela.