Ungakhohliswa.
Ukuqothuka, ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinkampani zezindiza ezinkulu kuzodla abagibeli imali ethe xaxa futhi kwenze ukuhamba kube yiphupho elibi kakhulu kunalokho osekuyikho.
I-Economics 101: Ukuncintisana okuncane kusho amanani aphezulu, ukwehla kwesevisi yamakhasimende, izindiza ezigcwele abantu, kanye nokuphazamiseka okukhulu uma kwenzeka kuba nezingxabano zezabasebenzi noma izinkinga zesondlo.
Emasontweni ambalwa edlule, izinkinga zezindiza zibe zikhulu. Abagibeli abangu-300,000 baye bakhanselwa izindiza zabo.
Leli sonto libe yisonto elimnandi emphakathini.
Izindiza ezingaphezu kuka-4,000 zikhanseliwe ngenxa yezinkinga zokulungisa futhi inani lezindiza ezincane ezibiza kancane ziye zaphelelwa umsebenzi noma zaqothuka: Oasis, Skybus, ATA, Aloha, MAXjet, kanye ne-Frontier.
Ngenxa yalokho, ukuncintisana emadolobheni amaningi kuzoshabalala futhi kuzokwanda ingcindezi kubagibeli bezindiza abakhona ngenxa yezindiza ezigcwele kanye namanani aphezulu. Izinkampani zezindiza eziyifa-i-American, United, Delta, Northwest, kanye ne-Continental- zizama ngamandla ukuceba ukuqinisa ukuqiniswa. Futhi ngomfutho omkhulu abawusebenzisa eWashington, imvamisa bathola abakufunayo.
Akekho umuntu ophambanisa nezinkampani zezindiza ezinkulu e-DC. Abavunyelwe ukwehluleka. Lapho omunye wabo engena enkingeni, "bahlela kabusha" futhi, ngemali mboleko enkulu evela kuCongress, baqhubeke njengakuqala.
Awekho ama-largesse anjalo asebenza ezindizeni zezindiza ezincane ezibiza kancane.
I-US iphokophele enkampanini yezindiza ezimbili noma ezintathu, ezoqeda ngokuhlelekile zonke izinkampani ezisele ezinezindleko eziphansi - iNingizimu-ntshonalanga, i-America West, i-Air Tran, i-Jet Blue nezinye - ivule indlela yokwenyuka kwamanani ezinkanyezi.
Uma izindiza ezinkulu ziqeda ukuncintisana edolobheni elithile, amanani aphezulu. Umbiko owakhishwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule uMnyango Wezokuthutha wathola ukuthi ezikhungweni ezigcwele abantu abaningi, abagibeli abayizigidi ezingama-24.7 bakhokha, ngokwesilinganiso, ngama-41% ngaphezu kozakwabo ezimakethe ezinokuncintisana ngemali ephansi. Lokhu kusekela Ucwaningo Lwemibiko Yabathengi lwamathikithi anemikhawulo ashibhile ayizigidi ezingama-42 adayiswa ngo-1999, olwabonisa abagibeli bezokungcebeleka bekhokha u-10% ngaphezulu ngezindiza zohambo olubuyayo okungenani ezingamamayela ayi-1600 ukusuka emadolobheni asezindaweni eziqinile.
Siyazi ukuthi ikusasa liyoba njani.
Kakade, lapho inkampani yenethiwekhi eyodwa ibusa imakethe, amanani ayakhuphuka. Abaphathi bezokuvakasha kanye nomphakathi ojikelezayo abanawo amandla okuxoxisana, izindiza zihlala zigcwele, futhi isevisi iyawohloka. Isibonelo, ocwaningweni lwasenyuvesi olwenziwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule, "ihabhu lenqaba" eliphethwe yiNorthwest Airlines eMinneapolis libiza abagibeli imali eyengeziwe engu-$456 wezigidi ngonyaka, ngaphezu kwezindleko ezijwayelekile zezindiza eziqhathanisekayo ezindaweni ezingezona izindawo. (Isibalo namuhla cishe siphindwe kabili kunalokho.)
Kungani? INyakatho-ntshonalanga ilawula u-80% wezindiza ezisuka eMinneapolis. U-Severin Borenstein eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, e-Davis, ulinganisele ukuthi isilinganiso senani lentengo yamathikithi eNyakatho Ntshonalanga ukusuka ku-monopoly hub yakhona laliphezulu ngo-38% kunesilinganiso sikazwelonke sezindiza eziqhathanisekayo.
Izazi zezomnotho ziyibiza ngokuthi “Fortress Hub Premium.” Abagibeli abandiza besuka kwezinye izindawo zezinqaba (Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Miami, Denver, Houston, Dallas, Detroit, St. Louis, Atlanta, Memphis, Phoenix) sebevele bekhokha le mali emba eqolo.
Uma ukuhlanganiswa okuhlongozwayo kudlula, ngenxa yokunyamalala kwalezi ezinye izinkampani zezindiza, abagibeli abandiza bephuma kuwo wonke amanye amadolobha ezweni lonke bazokhokha ngaphezulu.
I-American, United, ne-Delta zifana nezingane ezihamba ngemva kodonga lwenkundla yokudlala futhi zizihlukanisela amamabula. Ngaphandle kokuncintisana kwezindleko eziphansi, izikhondlakhondla zezindiza zizobamba umphakathi ohambayo.
Indlela esebenza ngayo yabhalwa kahle ecaleni loMnyango Wezobulungiswa ngokumelene ne-American Airlines eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Izikhulu zikahulumeni zakhokhisa ukuthi i-American yasebenzisa inhlanganisela yemali yokugibela ephansi, ukutholakala okubanzi kwezihlalo zokugibela okuphansi, futhi zengeza izindiza ukuze kuphoqelelwe izindiza ezimbalwa ezibiza kancane -Vanguard, Western Pacific, kanye ne-Sunjet - ukuqeda noma ukunciphisa isevisi emakethe yaseDallas. Lapho izindiza ezincane seziphoqelekile ukuphuma, izindiza zaseMelika zakhansela futhi zakhuphula amanani, ababekhululekile ukuzenza, ngaphandle kokujeziswa, uma kubhekwa isikhundla sabo sodwa.
Lolu hlobo lokuziphatha kabi yingakho izinkampani zezindiza ezintsha zinesikhathi esinzima kangaka sokungena emakethe. Futhi yisizathu esifanayo esenza ukuthi iSouthwest kanye ne-JetBlue zivame ukundiza zisuka emadolobheni amancane noma ngaphansi kwezindiza ezinesevisi: azifuni ukuncintisana ngqo nezinkampani zezindiza ezinkulu.
Akufanele kube ngale ndlela.
EYurophu, inqwaba yezinkampani zezindiza ezibiza kancane bezilokhu zichuma. I-Ryan Air, i-easyJet, i-AirBerlin, i-BMI, i-WizzAir, i-Blue Air, i-Norwegian Air Shuttle, ne-German Wings zinikeza amanani aphansi ngendlela emangalisayo ezihambelini zokungcebeleka (isb. London ukuya e-Cologne: i-Euro eyodwa).
Kodwa-ke, izinto azinhle kangako.
Nakuba iSivumelwano esisha se-Open Skies, esivumela ukufinyelela okwengeziwe emadolobheni aseMelika ezinkampanini zezindiza zangaphandle, sinesithembiso esithile sezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe, lincane ithemba ngezindiza zasekhaya. Izinkampani zezindiza sezivele zikhokhisa amanani afanayo ngokubonisana okuyimfihlo kwekhompyutha. Okuwukuphela kokukhululwa kwentengo kubagibeli eminyakeni embalwa edlule kuqhamuke kuzinkampani ezithwala ukuqalisa ezincane ezifana …eNingizimu-ntshonalanga, i-Airbus, iFrontier…. kanye nezinga le-USAir lehla emzamweni wabo wokuncintisana nababhemu. Lo mncintiswano ugcine amanani ephansi futhi akhuphule isevisi.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezindiza kuyisibonelo "sokuzidla kwezindiza okungavinjelwe nokunganakwa okusobala kwezimiso zokuncintisana" kusho uRichard M. Copland, owayengumongameli we-ASTA, ophikisana kakhulu nokuhlanganiswa. "Kungaba igalelo elibulalayo kunoma yiliphi ithemba lokuncintisana embonini yezindiza."
“Umhobholo ucekela phansi uhlelo lwethu lwezokuthutha kumphakathi ohambayo. Uma zonke izihlalo zigcwele, inzuzo ikhuluphele futhi abagibeli bayathukuthela, hlobo luni lohlelo lwezokuthutha lwezwe onalo?” Kusho uCopland. "Izinkampani zezindiza zikhombisile ngohlelo lwazo oluhlekisayo nolokuzithandela lokuthi akukho okuzoshintsha ngaphandle kokungenelela kukahulumeni."
Izinkampani zezindiza zivikela ubuqhwaga bazo ngokuthi, “Izwe elikhululekile. Imakethe yamahhala.” Bazithethelela izenzo zabo ngokuthi kufanele baphendule ingcindezi yemakethe, amanani aphakeme kaphethiloli kanye namanani ehlisiwe.
Kepha ukuhlala eMelika akusho ukuthi uhulumeni uyasekelwa, ama-monopolies abonakalayo kufanele avunyelwe ukuchoboza izimbangi zawo. Uhlelo lwethu lwezomnotho lwemakethe yamahhala lwakhiwe phezu kokuncintisana. Uma izinkampani zezindiza zifuna ukukhulisa isabelo semakethe, abantu abakhulu kufanele bakuzuze ngokuwina ibhizinisi nokwethembeka kwamakhasimende abo, hhayi ngokuqola izimbangi noma ukubaxosha ebhizinisini ngamanani aphansi kanye nezikweletu zikahulumeni.
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