"Uma ukwenqaba ukudla, ungawanaki amasiko, wesaba inkolo, futhi ugweme abantu, kungakuhle uhlale ekhaya." - UJames Michener

Iqiniso yiHarsh

Kunezinhlangothi okungenani ezimbili ezinhlangothini ze- Ezokuvakasha zaseCaribbean imboni: abahambi abaseceleni bathola ulwazi njengoba besuka ezikhumulweni zezindiza ngamaveni anomoya-mpilo nasemalayini beya emahhotela abo, nohlangothi lwabantu bendawo - izindawo lapho kuhlala khona abasebenzi bezokuvakasha, baya esikoleni, bavakashele abangane nomndeni futhi benze amaphathi futhi bathokoze nesikhathi sokudlala .

Ngenkathi izivakashi zisebenzisa ngaphezulu kwama-US $ 1300 ubusuku ngabunye (ngaphandle kwentela nezimali) eSandy Lane yokuhlala amahhotela eBarbados, abantu abahlinzeka ngolwazi lokunethezeka akunakwenzeka ukuthi bakwazi ngisho nokuhlwa okukodwa kuleyo ndawo. Isilinganiso semali esezingeni eliphakeme somphathi wehhotela yi-BBS 60,000 (US $ 30,000); umphathi wendlu: BBD26,000 (US $ 13,000); owamukela izihambi: BBD 21,012 (US $ 10,506) (averagesalarysurvey.com, 2019). I-bartender eBarbados ithola phakathi kwe-BBD 670 ngenyanga (US $ 331.90) kuya ku-BBD 2,070 ngenyanga (US $ 1,025.43) (2020).

E-Trinidad naseTobago, umholo ophelele wesilinganiso sabaphathi bezokuvakasha - TTS 105,000 (US $ 16,078); umphathi wehhotela, i-TTS 406,200 (US $ 60,431); umhlahlandlela wokuvakasha i-TTS 80,000 (US $ 11,941); umphathi wendlu, TTD 30,000 (US $ 4,691). E-Villas e-Stone Haven eTrinidad / Tobago, ukuhlala ubusuku obubodwa ekamelweni elilodwa lokulala kuzobiza ama-US $ 766.00 - kufaka phakathi intela nezimali (google.com/travel/hotels/Tobago).

Izikhathi BC, Ngaphambi KUKA-COVID-19

Ngaphambi kokuthi i-COVID-19 ithathe izintambo emhlabeni, isifunda seCaribbean besinenkinga yezokuvakasha. Ukufika komoya esifundeni esibanzi seCaribbean kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti ayi-12 kwikota yokuqala ka-2019, okuyizinga lokukhula eliphakeme kakhulu esifundeni ngaleso sikhathi ekhalendeni eminyakeni. Lokhu kufaka:

• I9.1 million izivakashi zamazwe omhlaba ezifika esifundeni ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2019, ezimele ukwanda kwezivakashi ezingaba ngu-970,000 eCaribbean.

• Imboni yezokuvakasha esiqiwini nayo ibone ukukhula, ngokweqa ngamaphesenti angu-9.9 ekufikeni kwabagibeli bezikebhe kanye nerekhodi lokufika kwezigidi eziyi-10.7 kuleso sikhathi.

• I-United States yahlala iyizimakethe zemithombo yezokuvakasha ezinkulu kunazo zonke esifundeni, ibala izivakashi eziyizigidi ezingama-4.5 kuleso sikhathi, kuyilapho iCanada ithumela izivakashi eziyizigidi eziyi-1.5 eCaribbean, ezimele ukwanda ngamaphesenti amane.

Izizwe ezisesiqhingini seCaribbean zithembele kakhulu kwezokuvakasha ukuze zithole umsebenzi futhi zihlinzeka ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90 ayo yonke imisebenzi e-Antigua naseBarbuda. Ngo-2019, umuntu oyedwa kwabayishumi eCaribbean wasebenza emisebenzini ephathelene nokuvakasha nezokuvakasha, enikela ngama- $ 10 trillion (cishe amaphesenti ayi-8.9) emnothweni womhlaba.

Ngokufika kwe-COVID-19, imboni ivuza imisebenzi nemali engenayo, nokubi kakhulu okusazofika. Ukulahleka okukhulu kakhulu kwabafika kwezokuvakasha ngenxa yalolu bhubhane kubandakanya) iBahamas (-72.7%), iDominica (-69.1%), i-Aruba (-68.1%), iSt Lucia (-68.5%) neBermuda (-61.7%).

I-Optimist ye-Cock-eyed noma Ukucabanga Kwemilingo

Noma umhlaba utshelwe ukuthi uhlukanise abantu, ungahambi, futhi ungazihlanganisi nabanye ezindaweni zobhawa nezindawo zokudlela, imizamo yokukhangisa esifundeni seCaribbean iyaqhubeka nokuqondisa imizamo yabo yokukhuthaza izivakashi ukuba zingene ebhanoyini noma ngomkhumbi ziye e- I-Caribbean. Ubudlelwano bomphakathi kanye nemizamo yokukhangisa ihlala ithembekile ekuboniseni umhlaba omnandi onganikezi ezinye izindlela kwezokuvakasha kwezemvelo futhi ogcina izinhlangothi ezimnyama zezizwe zaseQhingini zingaphandle komcabango wezivakashi.

Izindawo eziningi eziqhingini zinezikhumulo zezindiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu lapho uPina Colada amukela khona konke ukufika. Ukuhamba phansi ezikhumulweni kuthutha abantu abafika ngokushesha emahhotela abo nabashayeli abaqeqeshwe kubuciko be- "chat chat." Abashayeli bayakhuluma, (kwesinye isikhathi bengapheli) ngenhloso yokugcina abagibeli bephazamisekile ebuphofwini obuzungeze amachweba. Imininingwane e-animated (futhi evame ukuheha) evela kubashayeli ingafaka imininingwane ebuyekeziwe yesimo sezulu, izinga lokushisa kolwandle, nomlando wendawo. Ezimweni eziningi, abashayeli bakhuthaza izivakashi ukuthi zikhulume ngamadolobhana abo, ubude besikhathi abathathe ukuthi bafike nokuthi bahlela ukwenzani ngesikhathi sabo seholide.

Ngesikhathi ingxoxo isinciphile ezinganeni nasezifuyweni, izivakashi zisemahhotela azo, zingena ezindaweni zokwamukela izivakashi, zibhalisiwe futhi zilethwe emakamelweni nasezikhungweni zazo ngabasebenzi abakhangayo abamomotheka ngobuqotho nemikhonzo efudumele. Phakathi kokudla kwasekuseni nokudla kwakusihlwa, izivakashi zijatshuliswa umculo wasesiqhingini, iziphuzo zasendaweni kanye nezinketho zokudlela zomhlaba wonke, ezimeni eziningi, ezigcina ngaphakathi kwezindonga zehhotela kulo lonke iholide lazo.

Okulele ngaphesheya kwemithi yesundu kungaphandle kwezintshisekelo, okufunwa kanye nezidingo zezivakashi zomhlaba wonke. Iqiniso lokuthi abasebenzi bakhokhelwa amaholo aphansi, ukuthi amazinga okwanda kobugebengu aqede ukuzethemba kubatshali zimali futhi anciphise ukuncintisana kwamazwe omhlaba ngokufaka izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu ngendlela yezokuphepha ezengeziwe noma izindleko zokuthengiselana akuzibangeli lezi zivakashi. Iqiniso lokuthi ubugebengu budala ukubalekela imali, kanye nokulahleka kwabantu abanamakhono noma imfundo, abakhetha ukusebenza ezindaweni eziphephe kakhudlwana akusho lutho kulezi zivakashi futhi abanikazi bamahhotela benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akekho noyedwa iqiniso elibuhlungu lendawo okungena kuyo ingena kuleli phupho elifana nephupho.

Olunye Ucezu Lokuphila

Izivakashi ezizimisele ukuphuma ngaphandle kwemiphakathi yamaholide evaliwe, kanye nezingxoxo nezakhamizi zendawo, kungenzeka zithole ukuthi ubugebengu budlulisela izinsizakusebenza ezinqunyelwe kude nezempilo nezemfundo ziye kwezokuphepha. Eziqhingini eziningi ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi izakhamizi njengamanje zikhathazeke kakhulu ngobugebengu kunezinye izindaba ezinjengokungasebenzi, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo nokuhlukunyezwa kwemindeni.

Ngo-2019, izinga lokubulala eliphakeme kakhulu labhaliswa eVenezuela, kanti kunabantu abangaphezu kuka-60 ababulawa kubantu abangu-100,000 2018 (statista.com). IJamaica (47) iqophe inani lokubulawa kwabantu abangama-100,000 kubantu abangu-3.4 2019 abane-uptick ka-2017 wamaphesenti ngonyaka owodwa (10) (osac.gov) ophindwe kathathu kunesilinganiso seLatin America kanye neCaribbean. I-International Monetary Fund (IMF) ibalule ubugebengu njengesithiyo sokuqala ekukhuleni komnotho kanti uhulumeni waseJamaica uthole ukuthi inkohlakalo nobugebengu obenziwa emazweni omhlaba buwusongo olukhulu kwezokuphepha kwezwe (osac.gov/). IForbes Magazine ibala iJamaica njengendawo yesithathu eyingozi kakhulu kubahambi besifazane (2018) kanti iBusiness Insider ibeke indawo okuyiyo eye-XNUMX phakathi kwezindawo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni (XNUMX).

Umnyango Wezokweluleka Ngezokuvakasha WaseMelika uhlola iBahamas ezingeni lesi-2, okukhombisa ukuthi abahambi kufanele baqaphe ngokwengeziwe ngenxa yobugebengu. Izehlakalo ezibandakanya izakhamizi zase-US zifaka phakathi ukudlwengula, ukuhlukumeza ngokocansi nokubamba inkunzi / ukweba nokuphanga kuhlonyiwe, ubugebengu bempahla, ukuhlwitha isikhwama semali, ukukhwabanisa nokuhlukumeza ngokocansi kusengamacala obugebengu obujwayeleke ukwedlula abavakashi (osac.gov).

Imigwaqo yaseCaribbean ibone ukwanda kokutholakala kwamasosha aseMelika kugxile ekulweni nokushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa emikhunjini engaphansi kwamanzi kanye nokuthunyelwa kukaphethiloli kanye nempahla egunyaziwe esuka e-Iran iya eVenezuela.

Yize izivakashi zijabulela imisebenzi yaseCaribbean ebandakanya ukuhamba ngomkhumbi, ukubhukuda kanye ne-scuba, ulwandle lunikeza eminye imisebenzi emibi kakhulu. Ngaphambi kwalolu bhubhane imboni yezokuvakasha yakhipha izinkulungwane zezivakashi, yabazisa ekukhohlisweni kokuchuma. Iningi leziqhingi likhokha imali ekhanda ngayinye kulayini abahamba ngezinyawo abahamba ogwini. Abagibeli abahamba ngezikebhe abanendaba ukuthi imikhumbi ibhubhisa amadwala kanye nempilo yasolwandle futhi babambeke kulokho abakusebenzisayo abagibeli bamadola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhumbi ye-cruise, ethandwa yizigidi zabahambi bomhlaba, ihambise i-COVID-19 ezindaweni eziningi nezakhamizi zendawo ekuqaleni konyaka we-2020 ngoba abaphathi bezinkampani babengenamandla lapho sekuyisikhathi sokusebenza ukulwa negciwane lesandulela ngculaza. Ukuhlanganisa le nkinga, imikhumbi eminingi yayinamathele olwandle ngeziguli ze-COVID-19 ebhodini - ngakho abagibeli nabasebenzi abakwazanga (abavunyelwe) ukwehla.

Imifula ehlanzekile yaseBonaire (Dutch) yenza lesi siqhingi sibe yichweba elidumile lezingcingo kanye nezindlela zokuhamba ngezinyawo zihlambalaza abagibeli abangaba ngu-4000 ngasikhathi. Kwesinye isikhathi imikhumbi ibangele ukusweleka kokudla ngokuthatha indawo yemikhumbi evame ukubekelwa izimpahla. Amaqembu anjengeBonaire future Forum: Ithuba elivela ezinhlekeleleni seliphikisene ngokuthi ngabe lesi siqhingi kufanele sikhawulele ukufinyelela emikhunjini ethile enezindlela ezibiza kakhulu yingakho kukhethwa kakhulu kumaphrofayli abagibeli.

Ukuvuselelwa Kwezokuvakasha

Uma kuzoba nekusasa lezokuvakasha esifundeni seCaribbean, mhlawumbe kuzofika ngokuthatha ikhefu ekukhuleni kwezokuvakasha kanye nesikhathi esisetshenzisiwe sokubuyekeza umkhiqizo wezokuvakasha. Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi, ukusetshenziswa kwezingane, ukunukubezwa ngokobulili nokunye okuningi “okubi”, kumelela ukwehluleka okuphelele kwezokuvakasha kwabantu abaningi.

Izinyathelo zokuqala zidinga ukuhlolwa okuthembekile kwempahla yesifunda nokuzinikela ekusimeni nasekusungulweni kwamabhizinisi endawo. Ezokuvakasha eziningi zihambisane nokuncika okukhulu ekutshalweni kwemali yakwamanye amazwe kwezentuthuko, ukukhuphula kanye nokuphathwa kwempahla. Izakhiwo zabavakashi “ezingosomabhizinisi” bezingalawulwa futhi zingahlelwanga kahle okuholela ekukhuleni okuvinjezelwe ukuntengantenga nokuba sengozini okuholela ezimweni eziningi, ezinkingeni zezezimali.

Ukuhlanganiswa kokusongelwa kwezinto eziphilayo njengokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, kanye nezinguquko kwezemvelo eziholela eziphephweni ezinamandla nokukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle kuhlangene nezingqinamba zomnotho ezivela ekuweni okukhulu komhlaba ziholela ezinkingeni zamanje ze-COVID-19 zezempilo nezomnotho. Emashumini ambalwa edlule kubeke ingcindezi enkulu ezakhiweni zezimboni zezokuvakasha futhi kube nesikhathi esincane sokubuyekeza nokucabanga ngezifundo ezitholakele. Ngokunikwa iqiniso lokuthi ezokuvakasha seziphenduke impahla ebaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho esifundeni, kuyadabukisa ukuthi izinhlekelele zangaphambilini zibukeka zinganakiwe; kodwa-ke, ukuya phambili, kunganikeza isisekelo sekusasa elizinzile.

Ukuze isifunda siqhubeke futhi siphumelele kufanele sivumelane nokuncintisana okuseduze kanye nezidingo eziguqukayo zemakethe yomhlaba wonke; ngakho-ke, idinga ukubona futhi ilungiselele ukuvuselelwa, ukuvuselelwa nokubekwa kabusha komkhiqizo wayo. Njengomkhakha, kufanele ivume ukuba sengozini kwayo kanye nokungazinzi kwayo futhi izimisele ukubhala nokucacisa izici eziyingqayizivele zezimpahla zayo nemikhuba ehlukanisa isiqhingi esinye kwesinye nesiko kwesinye kwesinye ngenkathi ivikela izimpahla ezisele ekuqothulweni okuqhubekayo.

Iziqhingi ezaziwa kakhulu ngezokuvakasha kwezemvelo zibandakanya iDominica, eyaziwa njengesiQhingi Semvelo SaseCaribbean, lapho amaphesenti angama-65 omhlaba eyihlathi lemvula elishisayo futhi ngaphezu kwamamayela angama-300 anikezelwe emizileni yokuhamba izintaba. IBonaire yaziwa ngemvelo yayo yasolwandle engahlanzekile ngenkathi iCosta Rica neBelize zaziwa ngokuba nobungane emvelweni. Izindawo zokungcebeleka kulezi ziqhingi zinomthelela ophansi ngokuzibophezela ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla noma amandla avuselelekayo ngemisebenzi yezivakashi ekhuthaza ukufunda nokujabulela imvelo yendawo.

Ukugijima Okufana Nokuvakasha Kwezokuxhumana

Indlela entsha yezokuvakasha kwezemvelo izogxila kwikhwalithi yesipiliyoni sezokuvakasha kunenani lezivakashi ezifika ngendiza noma ulwandle. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwekhwalithi ngeke kususelwe kumadola asetshenziswe isivakashi, kepha kunalokho ukunotha kwezikhathi ezizothinta amasiko, kugxile ohlangothini lomuntu lwendawo oya kuyo. Ukulawulwa komkhiqizo omusha wezokuvakasha ngeke kube sezandleni zababhange noma abatshalizimali bangaphandle, kepha kuzolawulwa futhi kuqondiswe osomabhizinisi bendawo kanye nabamele.

Ukugxila kwamanje kwezokuvakasha kwabantu abaningi nasekwakhiweni kwemali engenayo enkulu kudinga ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwenani labavakashi abahanjiswa ohlelweni bengakhathazeki kangako noma bengakhathaleli ikhwalithi yesipiliyoni sezivakashi noma izinzuzo ezingatholwa yinsizakalo yendawo abahlinzeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo evela kwezokuvakasha ngobuningi iyavuza ezweni, iphelela emabhange angaphandle nasemaphaketheni abaninimasheya.

WOKE Izivakashi

Izimakethe ezintsha ze-niche zizokhuthaza izivakashi ezinolwazi "oluvukile" ezijabule ngokuxhasa osomabhizinisi bendawo nemiphakathi yabo. Lezi zivakashi ezintsha zizokwenza konke okusemandleni ukuthi zinciphise izinyathelo zazo lapho ziya khona njengoba izintshisekelo nezifiso zazo kuzokwehlisa ijubane lazo, zifuna ukuphumula, ukululama, impilo nokufunda; laba bahambi bakhetha ukubukwa njengama-GUSETS hhayi njengabathengi abanamakhadi esikweletu, ama-akhawunti asebhange kanye namaphothifoliyo esitoko. Izindawo zokuhlala nezokuheha zizoba nezindawo ezikude lapho kutholakala khona abakhubazekile futhi zenzelwe izikhala ezinganakwa njengezindawo eziphambili zokuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha kwabantu abaningi.

Umkhiqizo omusha wezamabhizinisi wezokuvakasha uzogcizelela ukuthinta komuntu okungekho okwamanje kwezokuvakasha okuhlangana lapho abantu, izindawo nezindawo ezikhangayo ziphathwa njengezimpahla. I-Eco-Tourism izogxila emsebenzini we-bionetwork, ngokugcizelela ukwethembeka, umuzwa wendawo nokuthinta umuntu. Okuhlangenwe nakho okusha kwezokuvakasha okusekelwa emvelweni kuzoba nezimpahla zasendaweni: ukudoba, ukushushuluza nge-scuba, ukubheka izinyoni, ukubuka izinyoni, ukubukwa kwezimfudu zasolwandle nokulondolozwa, kanye nemisebenzi yokuzilibazisa yesitayela seCaribbean kufaka phakathi ukuhamba ngomkhumbi, i-kayaking, ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ukubhukuda, ukuhamba izintaba kanye nokupheka nobuciko - kufundisiwe ngabaculi bendawo nabapheki.

Okusha “Konke Okubandakanya”

Amamenyu okupheka azophinde aqale izinketho zokudlela ezilahlekile njengoba amahhotela nezindawo zokudlela ezisuka emaqenjini endawo okudla kuya kokudla kwamazwe omhlaba. Abapheki abaqeqeshwe endaweni, besebenzisa ukudla okuvela emapulazini aseduze, kuzokhuthaza ukwazisa okusha ngamasiko namasiko esizwe ngasinye esiqhingini. Ukudla, imihlangano yakusihlwa, amaqembu omphakathi, imicimbi yomculo namasiko, kuze kuyothengwa ubuciko nemisebenzi yezandla kubahlali - kuzofaka lokho okutholakala ngosomabhizinisi nokwabiwe nabangane nomndeni - kwakhiwe incazelo entsha yokuthi “bonke ababandakanya konke.” Amabhizinisi amadala azovuselelwa - kusuka ekufuyeni izinkukhu nezinkomo, kwezolimo nasezitshalweni ezicubungula ezolimo.

Marketing

Ukumaketha kwe-ecotourism kuzogxila kokuhlangenwe nakho okususelwa kwimvelo. Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi izivakashi eziningi (amaphesenti angama-83) ziyawuthanda umqondo wokuba luhlaza nokuvikela imvelo. Ukuwasha okuluhlaza- umqondo othi “lets-pretend” wezokuvakasha kwemvelo akuyona into ecotourism emayelana nayo. Omunye wemibono ye-Green Washing yindlela ekhohlisayo yokumaketha njengoba abathengisi nababonisi babo bekhuthaza izindawo ezingavikelwe yimikhuba noma imitheshwana yezemvelo noma uhambo lwezemvelo olunobungane bemvelo ngegama kuphela. Izivakashi zivakashela lapho ziya khona, zibuyele emakhaya, zikholelwa ukuthi zisize imvelo kanti azikasizakali. Izinhlelo nezinqubo ezinjalo kumele zikhonjwe futhi zisuswe noma zishintshwe - akusamukeleki ukukhipha izivakashi ezingalindele.

Amathuba amasha wokuvakasha kwezemvelo angamakethwa emhlabeni wonke ngezinga lesabelomali ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obusha obenza ukukhangisa nge-e kutholakale kosomabhizinisi abanama-akhawunti amancane asebhange kodwa amasethi amakhono amakhulu nombono ocacile. Amabhizinisi azothuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa amawebhusayithi aklanyelwe osomabhizinisi, anikeze izindlela zokuzijabulisa zamaholide kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho - hhayi ukuvakasha okwenziwe ngabasebenzisi bezokuvakasha bomhlaba jikelele. Okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu ngamunye kuzoqondiswa izazi-mlando zendawo nabaholi bomphakathi abakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngale niche eyingqayizivele yamanye amathuba eholide.

Uhulumeni

Ukwengamela kanye nokwesekwa kwezepolitiki okuvela ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi amalungelo amabhizinisi wababambiqhaza ayahlonishwa futhi kuzovimbela abathathi bamazwe bangaphandle noma bangaphandle. Ukusebenzisana okusekelwa maphakathi, ukusebenzisana komphakathi / kwangasese kuzokwenza ukuthi kube nemvelo yokuncintisana yokunikezwa kwekhwalithi okuyizindlela ezizinzile zokuvakasha okukhulu.

Abaholi bakahulumeni bazokwenza lokhu:

• Imali eqondile yokugcinwa kanye nokuphathwa kwezindawo zemvelo nezivikelwe

• Ukubona isidingo sokuklanywa kwezindawo zokuvakasha kanye nezinhlelo zokuphathwa kwezivakashi okubhekwe ukuthi kube yizindawo ezinemvelo

• Beka phambili ukusetshenziswa kwezifundo eziyisisekelo zezemvelo nezenhlalo nokuqapha izinhlelo zesikhathi eside ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kuncishiswe umthelela

• Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intuthuko yezokuvakasha ayidluli imingcele yezenhlalo nezemvelo yoshintsho olwamukelekayo njengoba kunqunywe ngabaphenyi ngokubambisana nabahlali bendawo

• Ukwakha ingqalasizinda eyenzelwe ukuhambisana nendawo, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ezimbiwa phansi, ukonga izitshalo zasendaweni kanye nezilwane zasendle kanye nokuhlangana nemvelo

Zilungele Ikusasa

Ngenkathi iCaribbean inamaphutha ayo, inenqwaba yezimpahla zemvelo ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngokwengamela okulungile (okusesidlangalaleni nokwangasese), izizwe ezisesiqhingini zingaba yisibonelo salokho ukuvakasha kwezemvelo okungaba yikho futhi okufanele kube yikho njengoba siguqula umqondo wezokuvakasha usuke emgqeni wokukhiqiza, imodeli yebhizinisi lamabhizinisi amakhulu elithengiswa ngobuningi liye ohlelweni olusha olusekelwe kwezamabhizinisi lokho kuzochuma ngekhulu lama-21.