I-Macau - Idolobha lekhasino elimatasatasa emhlabeni lidonsa kanzima ukusingatha uthando lwabantu abaningi kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ngaphakathi kwesikebhe, abagembuli ababambe ama-passports aseShayina bagibela izikebhe futhi bampintshana, okufana nesardine, beya esakhiweni sentela kule ndawo eyake yalala ikoloni yamaPutukezi ogwini lwaseChina. Bashaya ujenga, amakhulukhulu ngempelasonto ekuseni, ukuze bathole isitembu sokungena. Bese bephinda beklelisa amatekisi ayivelakancane noma bagibele amabhasi ahambayo baye edolobheni eligcwele amakhasino amasha, imithombo nezindawo zokungcebeleka.
"Ngicabanga ukuthi sekuyinto enzima kakhulu," kusho uDavid Green, uchwepheshe wekhasino wenkampani yamabhuku e-PricewaterhouseCoopers eMacau. "Ingqalasizinda ayinqunyelwe ukubhekana nalokho."
Ukukhula okuqhumayo
Engxenyeni yomhlaba nje eyodwa kwesithupha enkulu njenge-Washington, DC, iMacau yadlula i-Las Vegas egcwele kakhulu ngonyaka odlule emalini engenayo yemidlalo, ngenxa yokukhula kwezikhukhula zabavakashi base-China basezweni elikhulu. Baguqula le ndawo ngokushesha ukwedlula impiriyali kanye nobugebengu obuhleliwe okwake kwenzeka.
Ngempela, idolobha elabangela u-WH Auden ngawo-1930 ukuba aphelelwe ithemba ngokuthi “akukho lutho olungathi sína olungenzeka lapha” lizalwa kabusha njengengwe yezomnotho. Ngisho noma iqhathaniswa nezwe laseShayina, ngokukhula kwayo okumangalisayo okungaphezu kwamaphesenti ayishumi ngonyaka, iMacau igqama: Umnotho wayo ukhule ngonyaka odlule ngamaphesenti angama-10.
Kepha ngokwanda okudidayo okwengeziwe osekuqhubeka, ijubane nesikali soshintsho kuhlola amandla eMacau ukuze azivumelanise nezimo.
“Bekuhlanya,” kusho uPaulo Azevedo, osehlale eMacau iminyaka engu-15 futhi ongumshicileli kamagazini iMacau Business. "Besijwayele ukuba nalolu hlobo lweMedithera, izinga lempilo elisemuva," engeza.
Isifunda se-Semiautonomous
I-Macau yakha inhlonhlo kanye neziqhingi ezimbili ezitholakala ngohambo lwesikebhe lwehora elilodwa ukusuka e-Hong Kong. Emakhulwini amane eminyaka adlule, iPortugal ibiphethe le ndawo njengendawo yokuthengisa yamasondo kanye nesikhungo sasebukhosini, ihweba ngosilika, i-sandalwood, i-porcelain, i-opium, izingalo nezinye izimpahla, konke kunomoya wembewu engashayi eceleni. Leli koloni “laliwukhula oluvela eYurophu yamaKatolika,” njengoba u-Auden akubeka.
Ukunwetshwa kwemidlalo ngeminyaka yawo-1960 akuzange kusize. I-Macau yaziwa ngenkohlakalo nodlame lwezigelekeqe, i-demimonde ehlala abantu abafana no-kingpin “Broken Tooth,” yagcina ivaliwe ngo-1999. Ngawo-1990, amakhasino eMacau, okwase kunesikhathi eside ephethwe ngusozigidigidi uStanley Ho, aseshibilikile kwaze kwaba manje. i-crown jewel, i-Hotel Lisboa, yathinta isivakashi esithile ngokuthi “sinesimo sejele elinokuphepha okuncane kakhulu.”
IMacau ibuyele ekulawuleni amaShayina ngo-1999, njengesifunda esizimele esifana neHong Kong. Abaholi baseBeijing abaqokwe ngesandla baqala ukulungisa kabusha, batshala imali engqalasizinda futhi bavula imboni yezemidlalo ukuthi iqhudelane. Ikhasino yokuqala ephethwe angaphandle yavulwa ngo-2004: the Sands Macao, ephethwe Las Vegas tycoon Sheldon Adelson.
Ezokuvakasha ziphindeke kane
Njengoba inhlanhla yayingaba nayo, uguquko olungaqondakali lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe lwanikeza abakwaSands isiqalo esibusisekile: Ngo-2003, ngemva kokuba igciwane lakwaSARS lidambisa ezokuvakasha, iChina yazama ukuvumela izakhamuzi zayo ukuthi zivakashele eMacau naseHong Kong ngaphandle kokugunyaza ukuthi zibe yingxenye yeqembu labavakashi. AmaShayina atheleke eMacau, indawo eseduze kakhulu yokugembula evela ezweni, lapho kungekho emthethweni.
Phakathi nonyaka owodwa, iSands Macao yayikhokhele ukwakhiwa kwayo. Ekupheleni konyaka odlule, ezokuvakasha zicishe zaphindeka kane eminyakeni eyishumi yafinyelela kubantu abayizigidi ezingama-27 ngonyaka, ngokwezibalo ezikhishwe ngesonto eledlule. Abangaphezu kwengxenye yabo - futhi ingxenye ekhula ngokushesha kakhulu - bavela ezweni laseChina.
Okwesigaba esiphakathi saseShayina esikhulayo esajwayela ukuhamba kwamanye amazwe, amaphakheji eMacau angatholwa ngaphansi kuka-$90 ngobusuku, okuhlanganisa nemali yendiza esuka eBeijing ukuya eHong Kong. Abenzeli bezokuvakasha baseShayina bathi umthetho awubavumeli ukuthi bathengise uhambo olugxile ekugembuleni, ngakho bayakuhlawulisa.
Izinhlungu ezikhulayo
“Asikaze sibeke 'amakhasino okuvakasha' ohlelweni lokuvakasha," kusho uGuo Yu, umphathi wezokukhangisa e-China Comfort Travel e-Beijing. “Futhi nomqondisi wezivakashi akavunyelwe ukuholela izivakashi ekhasino, kodwa uma izivakashi zifuna ukuya emakhasino, akukho esingakwenza ngakho.”
Kumabhizinisi endawo e-Macau, i-boom ayinazo izinkinga. Izindawo zokudlela nezitolo zibhekene nentela ekhuphuka ngokushesha kanye nokushoda kwezisebenzi. Inani labantu abahlala khona libalelwa engxenyeni yesigidi kuphela, futhi amakhasino angakwazi ukukhokha kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuminyana emigwaqweni yedolobha sekuvele kusongela ukuboleka amaplaza amahle aseMacau kanye nemigwaqo yamakholoni umusa wenxanxathela yezitolo.
Kunezinye izimpawu zezinhlungu ezikhulayo. Iqembu labavakashi abangaphezu kuka-100 basemazweni angaphandle abavela edolobheni elibi lezezimboni liqubule isiphithiphithi ehlobo eledlule, lithi abaqondisi babo bebebaphoqa ukuthi bachithe imali eningi ekuthengeni nasekugembuleni.
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