E-VARADERO, e-Cuba — Ngosuku lwabo lokuqala lweholide endaweni yokungcebeleka ebhishi ephezulu e-Cuba, umbhangqwana waseCanada u-Jim no-Tammy Bosch bajabulele i-cocktail yasekuseni e-Club Hemingway yokwamukela izivakashi ehhotela i-Marina Palace.
"Bekuminus 30 (amadigri Celsius) ngesikhathi sisuka eCanada," kusho uJim Bosch, 49, olungisa izinto emngceleni weMontana.
Abavakashi baseCanada bathutheleka eCuba ngamanani amakhulu, okwenza ezokuvakasha zibe indawo ekhanyayo emnothweni wesiqhingi ongemuhle. Ihlaselwe iziphepho ezintathu, ukwenyuka kwamanani okuthenga ukudla kwamanye amazwe kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwenani le-nickel, umnotho wayo ohamba phambili, umnotho waseCuba waqeda omunye weminyaka enzima kakhulu selokhu kwawa iSoviet Union cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule.
"ICuba isesimweni esibi kakhulu kwezomnotho njengamanje," kusho u-Antonio Zamora, ummeli ovelele waseCuba-American eMiami ovakashela eCuba njalo. "Badinga uhlobo oluthile lokuthuthukiswa, futhi ezokuvakasha ziyindawo eyodwa lapho zizovela khona."
I-Cuba yabona ukuvakasha okuqopha umlando ngo-2008 ngezivakashi eziyizigidi ezingu-2.35, okwenza imali engaphezu kuka-$2.7-billion, okuwukukhuphuka ngamaphesenti angu-13.5 ngonyaka odlule.
Ukuthuthuka kwezokuvakasha kumangaza nakakhulu uma kubhekwa umthelela wenkinga yezomnotho emhlabeni wonke ekuhambeni kokuya kwezinye izindawo zaseCaribbean. Lokho kungase kubalulwe ngokwengxenye yamaphakheji esiqhingi ashibhile, ahlanganisa konke - aphansi njengo-$550 ngesonto, kuhlanganisa nemali yendiza.
AbakwaBosches, abayingxenye yomcimbi womshado wabantu abangu-36, bakhokhele u-$1,078 umuntu ngamunye ngeholide labo elihlanganisa konke e-Marina Palace yezinkanyezi ezinhlanu. Inkinga yezezimali ayikaze ihlasele kakhulu eCanada, okuyikhasimende elingcono kakhulu laseCuba, elithumele izivakashi ezingu-800,000 ngonyaka odlule.
I-Cuba isanda kumemezela ukubambisana okukhulu nezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe emkhakheni wezokuvakasha: amahhotela amasha angama-30 kanye namakamelo amasha angu-10,000, okuwukukhula ngamaphesenti angu-20.
Isivumelwano sokuhweba saseMelika esineminyaka engu-46 sivimbela abantu baseMelika ukuthi baye eholidini eCuba, ngaphandle kwabaseCuba-baseMelika abavakashela umndeni. Izivakashi zaseMelika zazingu-40,500 ngo-2007.
Lokho kungase kuphindwe kabili ngemva kokuba uMongameli Obama egcwalise isithembiso somkhankaso sokususa imingcele yokuhamba kwabantu baseCuba-America, abavunyelwa ukuvakashelwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ukwehliswa kwemithetho evimbela uhambo olunelayisensi oluya e-Cuba ezifundweni nasekuhwebeni kwamasiko nakho kulindeleke.
Izikhulu zaseCuba zithi azihleli ngakho.
"Ifilosofi yethu akufanele imangale uma kwenzeka, kodwa hhayi ukulinda ukuthi kwenzeke ukuze siqhubeke nokwakha amahhotela amasha," kusho uMiguel Figueras, umeluleki ophezulu woMnyango Wezokuvakasha.
Izikhulu zezokuvakasha zinethemba lokuthi zizoheha abantu baseMelika ukuthi babuyele emqhudelwaneni waminyaka yonke we-Billfishing Tournament wakulesi siqhingi, oqanjwe ngo-Ernest Hemingway. Lo mcimbi obuneminyaka engu-59 ubudala, owabanjwa ngoJuni, wawuthandwa yizimbangi zaseMelika kwaze kwaba yilapho abaphathi bakaBush bebekela imingcele ukuhamba.
“Siyethemba ukuthi eminyakeni ezayo njengoba sekunomengameli omusha izikebhe zaseMelika zizoqala ukubuya,” kusho uFigueras, ephawula ukuthi cishe izikebhe zase-US ezibalelwa ku-50 zaqhudelana ngo-1999, kwezingu-80 sezizonke.
ICuba idinga lonke usizo lwezezimali engaluthola emkhakheni wayo wezokuvakasha njengoba ibheke unyaka onzima, kusho ongoti.
Ngonyaka odlule, iziphepho zabangela umonakalo ongama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-10, okulingana namaphesenti angu-20 eholo lezwe.
"Izidingo zokuhlenga isiphepho kanye namanani aphezulu okudla nophethiloli akhuphule ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe ngamaphesenti angama-43.8," kusho uJohannes Werner, umhleli ozinze eSarasota weCuba Trade and Investment News.
"Ngenxa yalokhu, ukushoda kwezohwebo kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-70, noma ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu, kuya ku-$5-billion ngo-11.7 ... ngokuphindwe kabili kunango-2008, futhi ngokulinganayo kuphezulu kakhulu eminyakeni engu-2007."
Ukushoda kwemali eCuba kungenzeka kuqhubeke unyaka ka-2009, uWerner uyanezela, nakuba uhulumeni ehlela ukunciphisa izindleko ngesigamu salo nyaka.
Isabelomali sombuso “asihambisani neze,” kusho uMongameli uRaul Castro enkulumweni yakhe yokuvala isiShayamthetho Sikazwelonke ngoDisemba 27. Njengoba ihlulekile ukweseka uhlelo lwayo lwempesheni, umhlangano wavotela ukuthi iminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi inyuswe ngeminyaka emihlanu, iye kwengama-65. kwabesilisa nakwabesifazane abangama-60.
Ibona isidingo sosizo, iCuba isemajukujukwini okuthuthukisa ubudlelwano nomakhelwane bayo, ifinyelela umvuthwandaba ngoZibandlela ngokwamukelwa kwayo eRio Group, iklabhu enkulu kunazo zonke emazweni aseLatin America. U-Castro uthole izinhlinzeko ezinkulu zosekelo lwezomnotho oluvela eBrazil naseVenezuela.
UCastro angase futhi avule umnotho ezindleleni ezilinganiselwe zemakethe yamahhala, abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi. ICuba isanda kuthi izonikeza abanikazi bezimoto ezizimele amalayisensi amasha ukuze bancintisane namakhumbi kahulumeni.
Uhulumeni futhi uhlela ukwaba kabusha umhlaba wezwe ongasebenzi kubalimi abazimele, nakuba inqubo yokuwunikeza beyihamba kancane.
Enkulumeni yakhe, u-Castro uphindaphinde ingqikithi ayintandokazi: ukuhlelwa kabusha kwamaholo ngokuya ngokukhiqiza kwabasebenzi, kunezimiso ezilinganayo zezenhlalakahle zokuzinikela kwenguquko.
“Asingabe sisazikhohlisa. Uma ingekho ingcindezi, uma singekho isidingo sokusebenza ukuze nginelise izidingo zami, futhi uma benginika izinto zamahhala lapha nalapha, sizolahlekelwa yizwi lethu lokubiza abantu emsebenzini,” usho kanje. “Leyo yindlela yami yokucabanga, yingakho konke engikuphakamisayo kuya kulowo mgomo.”
