I-International Air Transport Association (IATA) ikhiphe ukuhlaziya okusha okukhombisa ukuthi izehlakalo zabagibeli ezingalawuleki ezibikiwe zenyuka ngo-2022 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021. I-IATA icele imibuso eminingi ukuthi ithathe igunya elidingekayo lokushushisa abagibeli ngaphansi kwe-Montreal Protocol 2014 (MP14).
Izibalo zakamuva zikhombisa ukuthi isigameko esisodwa esingalawuleki sabikwa ezindizeni ezingama-568 ngo-2022, sisuka endizeni eyodwa kwezingu-835 ngo-2021. Izigaba ezivame kakhulu zezehlakalo ngo-2022 kwaba ukungathobeli imithetho, ukuthukwa, nokudakwa.
Izigameko zokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba zisalokhu ziyivelakancane, kodwa lezi zibe nokukhuphuka okushaqisayo kwama-61% ngo-2021, okwenzeka kanye ezindizeni eziyi-17,200.
Nakuba izehlakalo zokungathobeli imithetho ziqale zehla ngemva kokususwa kwegunya lemaski ezindizeni eziningi, imvamisa yaqala ukukhuphuka futhi ngo-2022 futhi yaphetha unyaka ngo-37% phezulu ngo-2021. Izibonelo ezivame kakhulu zokungathobeli yilezi:
- Ukubhema ugwayi, i-e-cigarettes, ama-vapes, kanye nemishini yokukhukhumeza kukhabethe noma izindlu zangasese
- Ukwehluleka ukubopha amabhande ezihlalo lapho uyalwa
- Ukweqa isibonelelo somthwalo ogibela nawo noma ukwehluleka ukugcina imithwalo lapho kudingeka
- Ukuphuza utshwala bakho ebhodini
Isu elinezinsika ezimbili
Isu elinezinsika ezimbili likhona lendlela yokungabekezeleli lutho ekuziphatheni okungalawuleki.
- Regulation: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ohulumeni banegunya elingokomthetho lokushushisa abagibeli abangalawuleki, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi badabuka kuphi, futhi babe nenani lezinyathelo zokuphoqelela ezibonisa ubucayi besigameko. Amandla anjalo akhona ku-Montreal Protocol 2014 (MP14), futhi i-IATA inxusa zonke izifundazwe ukuthi ziqinisekise lokhu ngokushesha okukhulu. Izizwe ezingaba ngu-45 ezihlanganisa u-33% wethrafikhi yabagibeli bamazwe ngamazwe ziye zagunyaza i-MP14.
- Isiqondiso sokuvimbela nokunciphisa izigameko: Vimbela izehlakalo ngokusebenzisana nozakwethu bemboni abaphansi (njengezikhumulo zezindiza, amabha nezindawo zokudlela, nezitolo ezingakhokhiswa intela), okuhlanganisa, isibonelo, imikhankaso yokuqwashisa ngemiphumela yokuziphatha okungalawuleki. Ukwengeza, ukwabelana ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu, okuhlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa, ukuze abasebenzi banciphise izigameko lapho zenzeka. Idokhumenti entsha yeziqondiso yashicilelwa ekuqaleni kuka-2022, eqoqa izinqubo ezihamba phambili zezinkampani zezindiza futhi ihlinzeka ngezixazululo ezingokoqobo kohulumeni mayelana nokuqwashisa umphakathi, izinhlawulo ezikhona, kanye nokulungisa izikhala zendawo.
“Ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezibalo zezigameko ezingalawuleki, ohulumeni kanye nezimboni bathatha izinyathelo ezinqala ukugwema izigameko ezingalawuleki zabagibeli. Amazwe agunyaza i-MP14 futhi abuyekeza izindlela zokuphoqelela, athumele umyalezo ocacile wokuvimbela ngokubonisa ukuthi akulungele ukushushisa ukuziphatha okungalawuleki. Ngasohlangothini lwemboni, kunokubambisana okukhulu. Isibonelo, njengoba izigameko eziningi zokudakwa zenzeka ngenxa yotshwala obuphuzwe ngaphambi kwendiza, ukusekelwa kwamabha kanye nezindawo zokudlela zesikhumulo sezindiza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphuzwa kotshwala ngendlela efanele kubaluleke kakhulu.
“Akekho ofuna ukuvimba abantu ukuthi bazijabulise uma beye eholidini—kodwa sonke sinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuziphatha ngendlela ebonisa inhlonipho kwabanye abagibeli nabasebenzi. Ngenxa yeningi, asixolisi ngokuzama ukunqanda ukuziphatha okubi kwabahambi abambalwa abangakwazi ukwenza indiza ingakhululeki kuwo wonke umuntu,” kusho uClifford.
