(eTN) – UDkt. Zahi Hawass, uNobhala Jikelele we-Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA) umemezele ngesonto eledlule umkhankaso wemivubukulo waseRussia-America uvumbulule inqwaba yezidumbu ezilondolozwe kahle zeGraeco-Roman ezimbozwe ngamabhokisi. Bathole lokhu ngesikhathi somsebenzi ojwayelekile wokumba e-Deir el-Banat necropolis eFayoum.
U-Hawass wengeze umkhankaso wembula amabhokisi amathathu omngcwabo ahlotshiswe ngemibhalo yezenkolo evela eNcwadini Yabafileyo. Umama oyedwa osesimweni esibi sokulondolozwa utholwe kwelinye lala mabhokisi. Ubuso bakhe babumbozwe isifihla-buso esicwebeziwe. Kwatholakala namasongo, ubucwebe, nezingcezwana ezingamashumi amane zendwangu ezihlotshiswe ngehange, zawela ngezimpawu ezithile ezibalulekile.
UGalina Belova, umqondisi wemishini yaseRussia, uthe ukwakhiwa kabusha kobuso kuzokwenziwa kumama wesifazane ngesizini ezayo. Uchaze ukubuyiselwa kwemikhumbi yobumba kanye ne-faience embiwe ngezinkathi zonyaka ezedlule sekuqediwe.
Esikhundleni sezidumbu, iFayoum ingase yaziwa kakhulu ngomlando wayo wenkolo. Imizana yaseFayoum isekela okutholwe ngaphambilini mayelana nokushushiswa kwamaRoma ngamaKristu eGibhithe. Izinsalela zemivubukulo ezivela kulokhu kushushiswa akwaziwa kahle kodwa ziyabonakala. Iziphambano zamaCoptic Christian kusukela kulesi sikhathi zingatholakala emigedeni eFayoum, zona lezi eziwela izivakashi ezithola emathuneni kapharaonic eLuxor, kanye nethempeli laseDendera eduze kwaseQena. Lezi zindawo cishe zaziyizindawo zokucasha zamaKristu phakathi noshushiso lwamaRoma.
Isikhathi esiphakathi konyaka wama-200 nomkhandlu waseChalcedon (451) kwakuyinkathi yokuchuma kweSonto Lobu-Orthodox LamaCoptic. Naphezu kokushushiswa kwamaRoma kumaKristu, ibandla laqhubeka likhula. Ushushiso lwalunzima kakhulu phakathi nokubusa kombusi uDiocletian (284-311). Ubukhulu bokushushiswa kobuKristu eGibhithe cishe babubukhulu kunakwamanye amazwe ngenxa yobukhulu bomphakathi wamaKristu eGibhithe. IBandla lazi abangcwele abambalwa kusukela ngalezo zinsuku abanjengoMenas noDimyana. Ushushiso luye lwaba nethonya elijulile ebandleni kangangokuthi iSonto LamaCoptic Orthodox lanquma ukuqala inkathi yalo ngonyaka ka-284. Ngakho-ke unyaka AD 2000 ungowamaCopt, unyaka ka-1717 AM (anno martyrum).
Okuxakayo ukuthi amasonto amadala emhlabeni wonke kanye namanxiwa amasonto e-Egypt asukela ekhulwini lesine akasawakhi indawo yawo kule ndawo - uma kungeyona eyokuxhumanisa. Namuhla, enye yezinkinga ezivame ukuphakanyiswa ubunzima bokwakha amasonto eFayoum. Ubaba uDkt. Rufa'il Samy wasesigodini saseTamiya eFayoum wabonisa imisebenzi emikhulu yokwakha endaweni yangakubo, eshintsha isonto lesigodi elakhiwa ngo-1902 laba isonto elikhulu. Isonto elidala lilinganisa amamitha ayi-14 ngamamitha ayi-16, isonto elisha lalingamamitha angama-29 ngamamitha angama-34. Isonto elidala lalinombhoshongo ongamamitha angu-12 ukuphakama. Isonto elisha linombhoshongo ongamamitha angama-36 ukuphakama. Imisebenzi yokwakha isemthethweni ngokwesinqumo sikamongameli sika-1994 esatholwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa nje. Akukho ukuphikiswa okwaziwayo kwesakhiwo kubantu abangamaSulumane. Umpristi wembula imfihlo: ukwakha ubuhlobo obuhle namaSulumane endawo kanye neziphathimandla.
Kunemizi namadolobha lapho amaKrestu abhekana nobunzima bokwakha, ukuvuselela noma ukulungisa amasonto kodwa thina siyimizi lapho izinkinga ezinjalo zingekho khona.
E-Fayoum, amasonto amasha akhiwe, ngosizo lokuxhumana okunomthelela, kanye nezidumbu ezintsha ezitholakele zingase zingabeki idolobhana ngokushesha ebalazweni lezokuvakasha laseGibhithe. Kodwa-ke, izivakashi ezimbalwa eziye zakhathala ohambweni lwendabuko zingase zifune ukubona okuthile okuhlukile endaweni engajwayelekile yasemaphandleni.
