I-NEW YORK (Uphiko Lwezizwe Ezihlangene Lwezindaba Zasolwandle kanye Nomthetho Wasolwandle/DOALOS) ― Iqembu elisebenzayo elisungulwe yiNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene lizohlangana kusukela zingama-28 kuMbasa kuya kumhla zi-2 kuNhlaba eNew York ukuze licubungule izinyathelo ezingase zithathwe amazwe nezinhlangano zohulumeni bamazwe ngamazwe. ukuthatha ukulondoloza nokuphatha izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle ezindaweni ezingaphezu kwamandla kazwelonke.
Umhlangano wesonto elilodwa uzodingida imithelela yezemvelo yemisebenzi yabantu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle ngale kwezindawo ezingaphansi kombuso kazwelonke, futhi uzohlola izindlela zokuphatha ezingase zibe khona. Izophinde ibhekane nezindaba ezithinta izinsiza zofuzo zasolwandle kulezo zindawo futhi ixoxisane ngokuthi likhona yini igebe lomthetho noma lokuphatha okufanele lilungiswe.
I-General Assembly yasungula iQembu Lokusebenza eminyakeni emithathu edlule ukuphendula intshisekelo ekhulayo kanye nokukhathazeka phakathi komphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nezindaba ezihlobene nokongiwa kanye nokusetshenziswa okusimeme kwezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane zasolwandle, kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezindawo zombuso kazwelonke. Imvelo yasolwandle ibalulekile endaweni enempilo futhi inegalelo elikhulu enhlalakahleni yabantu. Ngaso leso sikhathi, imithelela edalwe yimisebenzi yabantu kuzinto eziphilayo zasolwandle, okuhlanganisa nalezo ezisezindaweni ezingaphandle kwanoma yimuphi umbuso, iphakamisa ukukhathazeka okukhulayo.
Ngaleso sikhathi, IQembu Elisebenzayo lacelwa ukuba lihlole imisebenzi yakudala neyamanje yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene kanye nezinye izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ezifanele mayelana nokongiwa kanye nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle olwandle; hlola izici zesayensi, ezobuchwepheshe, ezomnotho, ezomthetho, ezemvelo, ezenhlalo-mnotho nezinye zalezi zindaba; bona izindaba ezisemqoka kanye nemibuzo lapho izifundo ezinemininingwane eminingi yasemuva zingasiza ukucutshungulwa yiMibuso ngalezi zindaba; futhi ikhombise, lapho kufanele, izinketho nezindlela ezingenzeka zokuthatha isinyathelo.
Umhlangano ngokokuqala ngqa ngoFebhuwari 2006, IQembu Lokusebenza lavumelana ngokuthi i-General Assembly inendima eyinhloko ekubhekaneni nalezi zinkinga, kuyilapho iqaphela indima ebalulekile yezinye izinhlangano, izinqubo kanye namathuluzi angaphakathi kwamandla azo.
IQembu liphinde lagcizelela ukuthi i-UN Convention on the Law of the Sea ibeka uhlaka olungokomthetho lwazo zonke izinto ezenziwa olwandle nezilwandle, futhi yagcizelela isidingo sokusebenzisa izindlela zokuqapha kanye ne-ecosystem kusetshenziswa isayensi engcono kakhulu etholakalayo kanye nokuhlola umthelela wangaphambili kwezemvelo. Isidingo sokubhekana nemikhuba yokudoba ecekela phansi kanye nokudoba okungekho emthethweni, okungabikwanga nokungalawulwa nakho kwaqashelwa njengokubaluleka kwamathuluzi okuphatha asekelwe endaweni, njengezindawo ezivikelekile zasolwandle.
IQembu Lokusebenza lavumelana ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi kwakudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kutholwe ukuthi akhona yini amagebe okuphatha ezindaweni zasolwandle ezingaphezu kwamandla kazwelonke kanye nokuqhubeka nokudingida isimo esingokomthetho sokuhlukahluka kwemvelo yasolwandle kulezo zindawo, okuhlanganisa nemithombo yofuzo. IQembu liphinde lacela ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenzisana nokusebenzisana ngaphakathi naphakathi kwabo bonke ababambiqhaza abafanelekile ekongiweni nasekusetshenzisweni okusimeme kwezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo kulezo zindawo. Ukubambisana kwakubhekwa njengokubalulekile ikakhulukazi maqondana nocwaningo lwesayensi yasolwandle kanye nokwakhiwa kwamakhono.
Umhlangano ozayo weQembu Lokusebenza uzohlinzeka ngethuba eliyingqayizivele lokuqhubeka nezingxoxo phakathi kwaMazwe, izinhlangano zikahulumeni kanye nezinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ukuze kutholakale izindawo zokuhlangana okufanele zakhelwe phezu kwazo ukuze kube nenqubekelaphambili ekuthuthukiseni ukongiwa kanye nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane zasolwandle. ngale kwezindawo ezingaphansi kombuso kazwelonke.
Background
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ziwukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo ezivela kuyo yonke imithombo okuhlanganisa, yasemhlabeni, yasolwandle kanye nezinye imvelo yasemanzini kanye nezakhiwo zemvelo eziyingxenye yazo; lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlukahluka phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nemvelo (Convention on Biological Diversity, isihloko sesi-2). Ukwehlukahlukana phakathi kwezinsiza zebhayoloji, okuhlanganisa izinsiza zofuzo, izinto eziphilayo noma izingxenye zazo, abantu, nanoma iyiphi enye ingxenye ye-biotic ye-ecosystem enokusetshenziswa kwangempela noma okungase kube khona noma inani lesintu, kwakha ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo.
Izindawo zasolwandle ezingaphezu kwamandla kazwelonke zihlanganisa izilwandle eziphakeme kanye neNdawo. I-United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) ichaza ulwandle oluphakeme ngokuthi “zonke izingxenye zolwandle ezingabaliwe endaweni yezomnotho kuphela, olwandle lwendawo noma emanzini angaphakathi oMbuso, noma amanzi aseziqhingini ze-archipelagic State ”(isihloko 86). Indawo ichazwa “njengendawo engaphansi kolwandle nephansi yolwandle kanye nomhlabathi ongaphansi kwakho, ngale kwemikhawulo yombuso kazwelonke” (i-athikili 1).
Amadokhumenti afanelekile
Izinqumo zoMhlangano Jikelele: A/RES/59/24, A/RES/60/30, A/RES/61/222, A/RES/62/215
Imibiko kaNobhala-Jikelele: A/60/63/Engeza.1; A/62/66/Engeza.2
I-ajenda yesikhashana yomhlangano: A/AC/276/L.1
Umbiko womhlangano odlule weQembu Elisebenzayo (2006): 61/65
Ukuze uthole noma yiluphi ulwazi olwengeziwe, sicela uvakashele iwebhusayithi yeDivishini ethi www.un.org/Depts/los/index.htm
