Izingqinamba zokuhamba ngendiza ziye zaba zimbi kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva; nazi ukuthi ungazinciphisa kanjani endleleni eya olwandle lwakho olulandelayo.

Eminyakeni eminingi edlule, izikhangiso ze-Cunard Line zaphakamisa ukuwela kwayo kwe-transatlantic ngomugqa wethegi "Ukufika lapho kumnandi kakhulu." Lokho kusengaba yiqiniso ngokuwela ulwandle ngomkhumbi, kepha akunakusebenza ekuhambeni kwezindiza kulezi zinsuku. Ngempela, ngezinyathelo eziningi, ukuhamba ngendiza kuyinkinga enkulu kunanini ngaphambili.

Ake sibukeze ezinye zezinhlungu ezihamba phambili ezenziwa ukuhamba kwezindiza kwezohwebo kulezi zinsuku, ngeziphakamiso zokuthi ungabunciphisa kanjani ubuhlungu.

Iningi lenkinga ngokuhamba emoyeni kubangelwa i-equation eyodwa elula: Abantu abaningi bayandiza, kepha inani lezindiza eziqhutshwa yizindiza ezinkulu selincishiswe kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu zezezimali. Abantu abaningi baminyaniswe endizeni ngayinye, futhi kunezihlalo ezimbalwa ezingenalutho kunanini ngaphambili. Ngasikhathi sinye, imvamisa ukunciphisa izindleko njengengxenye yohlelo lokuhlela kabusha ukuqothuka - izindiza eziningi zinezisebenzi ezimbalwa esikhumulweni sezindiza ukukusiza, bambalwa abaphathi bokuhambisa izikhwama zakho ngokushesha ku-carousel, abagibeli bezindiza abasebenza ngokweqile ezindizeni, njalonjalo .

Futhi njengoba izinombolo zabagibeli ziqhubeka zikhula, i-Transportation Security Administration iqhubeka nokwakha imithetho emisha, eyinkimbinkimbi okumele ilandelwe uma ufuna ukudlula ekuhloleni kokuphepha esikhumulweni sezindiza ngesikhathi esifanele.

Hlanganisa konke lokhu, futhi umgibeli ohamba ngesikebhe okufanele aye esikhumulweni semikhumbi yakhe kudingeka athathe ukubekezela okukhulu esikhumulweni sezindiza angene endizeni. Noma kunjalo, okunye ukuhlela kwangaphambili kungahamba ibanga elide ukunciphisa izingqinamba.

Izindiza Eziminyene

Emuva ezinsukwini zokuhamba komoya ngokunethezeka - okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokuvalwa komthetho embonini ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1970 - izindiza ezinkulu zazijabule ngezindiza ezazingamaphesenti angama-60 zigcwele. Lokho kwakungamaphesenti ezihlalo ezihleliwe ababezidinga ukuvula inzuzo kunoma iyiphi indiza; futhi kubagibeli, kwakusho isipiliyoni sokuphumula esikhumulweni sezindiza futhi ngokunokwenzeka isihlalo esingenalutho eceleni kwabo endizeni. Muva nje ngo-2001, imboni yezindiza yase-United States “isilinganiso somthwalo” (amaphesenti ezihlalo ezithathiwe) ibisengamaphesenti angama-70 kuphela.

Zishintshe kanjani izikhathi. Ngonyaka we-2006, ngokwe-Bureau of Transportation Statistics kahulumeni wesifundazwe, isilinganiso somthwalo esilinganiselwe besingaphansi nje kwamaphesenti angama-80, yize sisanda kwehla ngenxa yomnotho obuthaka. Noma kunjalo, endizeni ejwayelekile, kuzohlala izihlalo ezine kwezinhlanu; nasezindizeni eziningi ezidumile, zonke izihlalo zizogcwala.

Izindiza ezinkulu bezinciphisa inani lezindiza abazisebenzisayo eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule - yize isidingo sabagibeli sokuhamba ngendiza besilokhu sikhuphuka, futhi ikakhulukazi selokhu kwaba nenkinga yezomnotho ngoSepthemba 2008. Ngani? Ukwenza ngcono imigqa yabo engezansi. Izindiza ezimbalwa ezinabagibeli abaningi zihumushela kuzindleko zokusebenza eziphansi kanye nemali engenayo enkulu ukusuka ngakunye. Ukusuka ngo-2005 kuya ku-2006, inani labagibeli basekhaya nabamazwe aphesheya ezindizeni ezihleliwe zase-US lenyuke cishe izigidi eziyisithupha, laya ezigidini ezingama-744. Kodwa inani lezindiza eziqhutshwa lehle cishe ngamaphesenti amathathu. Umphumela: izindiza ezigcwele.

Emuva ngo-2006 inani lezindiza ezifika ngesikhathi zifike emazingeni azo amabi kakhulu ngaphambi komhla ka-9/11. Futhi inani lezikhwama ezihloliwe ezilahlekile noma eziqondiswe kabi zafinyelela ezingeni eliphakeme eminyakeni eyi-16. Ngesikhathi sekota yokuqala ka-2007, izindiza ezingaphezu kwekota zazo zifike sekudlule imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-15 (uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angama-20 ngo-2004), kwathi amaphesenti angaphezu kwamathathu akhanselwa (uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti amabili ngo-2004). I-2008 ithuthukise ukusebenza ngesikhathi nge-1%, i-76% yazo zonke izindiza zasekhaya zifike noma zahamba ngesikhathi - ama-24% awazange.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuphatha imithwalo yezindiza kuthuthukile njengoba izindiza eziningi manje zikhokhisa imali yesevisi engu- $ 15 kuye ku- $ 25 esikhwameni semithwalo ebhekiwe. Ngokwemvelo, izikhwama ezimbalwa ziyahlolwa. Lokhu kunciphise izintambo zokuphepha, kepha, njengoba abantu abaningi bekhetha ukuphatha imithwalo yabo ebhodini. Lokhu futhi kubambezele inqubo yokugibela.

Amasu

Yini ongayenza? Okokuqala, bhuka izindiza zakho kusengaphambili ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaleyo ndlela, uzothola ukutholakala okukhulu kakhulu kwezinketho zendiza - nemali ephansi kakhulu. Uzoba nethuba elingcono lokuthola isabelo sokuhlala ngesikhathi uthenga amathikithi akho, esikhundleni sokuthi ulinde uze ufike esikhumulweni sezindiza. Khumbula, izindiza zezindiza zizokwenza amaphesenti athile ezihlalo kunoma iyiphi indiza enikeziwe etholakalayo ukuze inikezwe kusengaphambili ngesikhathi sokuthenga; okusele kuzonikezwa usuku lokuhamba. Benza lokhu ngoba izinkampani zezindiza zihlala zibhuka kakhulu kunezihlalo endizeni - zilindele ukuthi abanye abahambi ngeke bavele ngendiza abayibekisile - futhi abafuni ukwabela izihlalo eziningi kunalezo ezinazo.

Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthola isabelo sokuhlala kusengaphambili, ngena ku-inthanethi bese uphrinta iphasi lakho lokugibela. Fika esikhumulweni sezindiza ngaphambi kwesikhathi uma kufanele ungene lapho. Ngoba izindiza ezindiza kakhulu ngokweqile, lapho uthola ngokushesha lokho kudlula okugibela esandleni sakho, kuba ngcono. Uma ubheka indiza yakho esuka kwikhompyutha yakho yasekhaya bese uprinta ipasi lakho lokugibela ungavele uhlole izikhwama zakho nge-skycap esikhumulweni sezindiza bese uya ngqo endaweni yokuhlola yokuphepha.

Lapho uhlela uhambo lwakho, khumbula ukuthi njengokujwayelekile, usuku lokuqala endizeni ozohamba ngalo, kwehlisa izingqinamba ozobhekana nazo ukubambezeleka noma ukukhanselwa. Gwema ukubhuka izindiza kusihlwa - ikakhulukazi indiza yokugcina yosuku. Futhi, zama ukubhuka indiza engami uma ungakwazi, noma ngabe kusho ukushayela esikhumulweni sezindiza esikude kakhulu. Ukuma okuningi noma ukuxhumana onakho ohambweni lwakho lwendiza, kuba nethuba elikhulu lokuthile kokuthile okungahambi ngendlela - ukuxhumana okungabanjwanga, ukubambezeleka, isikhwama esilahlekile.

Kunoma ikuphi, kuhlale kungumqondo omuhle ukubhuka indiza ethekwini lokuhamba komkhumbi wakho okungenani usuku ngaphambi kokuhamba ngomkhumbi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma uhamba ngomkhumbi waseYurophu noma olunye uhambo lwaphesheya kwezilwandle. Ngeke ikunikeze isikhathi sokuphumula, ukuphumula mhlawumbe nokuzivumelanisa nendawo entsha yesikhathi, kepha kungabucayi uma isikhwama sakho esihloliwe siqondiswa kabi yinkampani yezindiza. Kungani? Ngoba iningi lezikhwama “ezilahlekile” ziyatholakala futhi zibuyiselwe kubanikazi bazo yizindiza ngaphakathi kwamahora angama-24. Bangayibuyisela kuwe khona manjalo uma usesethekwini, kepha hhayi uma usolwandle. Ngesikhathi sekota yokuqala ka-2007, izindiza “ziqondise kabi” izikhwama ezingama-7.7 ezihlolwe ngabagibeli abayinkulungwane, noma cishe isikhwama esisodwa ngendiza ngayinye. Lokho kungukunyuka kwamaphesenti angama-1,000 esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka owedlule.

Nanti elinye icebo: Uma uzishayela uye esikhumulweni sezindiza, awusakwazi ukucabanga ukuthi amagaraji okupaka omphakathi esikhumulweni sezindiza noma ngisho nezindawo ezikude zizoba nendawo, ngoba abantu abaningi bahamba ngalezi zinsuku. Into yokugcina oyidingayo ukushayela uzungeza futhi uzungeze igalaji lokupaka ufuna isikhala njengoba isikhathi sakho sendiza sisondela. Cabanga ukusebenzisa indawo yokupaka yangasese, engekho esikhumulweni sezindiza esikhundleni salokho. Ungabhuka isikhala kusengaphambili (cinga i-Google ngezinsizakusebenza eziseduze nesikhumulo sezindiza sangakini), bazoba nokushintshelwa okujwayelekile kwe-shuttle ukuya nokubuya ezikhumulweni, futhi ngokuvamile kushibhile kakhulu kunokupaka ezindaweni zezindiza.

Ama-Hassles Ezokuphepha

Lokho kusiletha ekhanda elingapheli lokuphepha kwezindiza. Ngabe ukhona kini okhule ngokwanele ukukhumbula izinsuku lapho kwakungekho ukuphepha kwesikhumulo sezindiza - lapho ungavele uhambe usuka kwikhawunta yokungena ekuphumuleni kwakho uye esangweni lokuhamba, ngaphandle kwezithiyo zokungenelela, imitshina yensimbi, ukuseshwa komzimba noma i-x- ama-ray scanner? Lokho konke kwashintsha unomphela ngokudunwa kwezimoto ngawo-1970, lapho izikhumulo zezindiza ezweni lonke zatshala isizukulwane sokuqala sokuphepha kwangaphambi kokundiza.

Ngemuva kuka-9/11, ukuphepha kwesikhumulo sezindiza kuyimboni enkulu futhi ekhulayo, enenkampani yayo yombuso, ubuchwepheshe obushubile kakhulu kanye nabasebenzi abaningi (okuthiwa) abanamakhono kahulumeni. Kepha imithetho yalokho abagibeli okufanele bakwenze nabangakwazi ukukwenza iyaqhubeka ishintsha, ngakho-ke iflaya masiqaphele. Kubalulekile ukuthi uyazi imithethonqubo yokuphepha yamanje ukuze ungaskenwa kaninginingi uphinde useshwe umzimba, uthathe ezinye zezinto zakho, futhi mhlawumbe - uma unesibindi sokukhononda noma uphikisane - zibophele wena amaphoyisa bese ufaka igama lakho imfihlo database kahulumeni.

Ngoba ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kuyimpoqo, vumela isikhathi esingeziwe ngaphambi kokuba indiza yakho ingene endaweni yokuhlola. Awusoze wazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi izintambo zokuphepha zizoba nini ngosuku osuka ngalo. Hlala ukhumbula njalo ukuthi hlobo luni lwezehlakalo ezinkulu okungenzeka zenzeka edolobheni elinikeziwe (iSuperbowl, iWorld Series, njll.) Futhi uhlole isimo sezulu sanoma iliphi idolobha lapho kungadingeka ukuthi ushintshe izindiza.

Futhi lapho upakisha izikhwama zakho, khumbula ukuthi yonke imithwalo ehloliwe manje isingaphansi kokuskena kanye / noma ukuseshwa ngesandla ngabasebenzi be-TSA. Ngenxa yalokho, akufanele ukhiye imithwalo yakho ehloliwe ngaphandle kokuthi usebenzise ukhiye ogunyazwe yi-TSA onogada abangawuvula (kodwa akekho omunye ongawuvula). Ukuze uthole abahlinzeki balezi zingidi, vele wenze usesho olusheshayo lwe-Google "TSA evunyelwe imithwalo yemithwalo." Uma ukhiya isikhwama bese ukhethelwa ukuseshwa ngesandla, ingidi yakho izonqunywa. Futhi, ukuba nokukhiya okukodwa akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthi ngeke balinqamule lelo khiya uma bengawutholi ukhiye wabo.

Uketshezi nama-gel

Uma uhambe kusukela ngo-2006 uyazi ukuthi manje asivunyelwe ukuthwala cishe noma yikuphi uketshezi, i-gel noma i-aerosol endizeni ngaphandle kokuthi kusebhodleleni elincane (ama-ounces amathathu noma ngaphansi). Noma yimaphi amabhodlela amancane noma iziqukathi kufanele zifakwe ngaphakathi kwe-zip-top, ilitha elilodwa lesikhwama sepulasitiki. Kukhona umkhawulo wesikhwama esisodwa sepulasitiki kumgibeli ngamunye, futhi kuzofanele usikhiphe esikhwameni sakho sokuthwala bese usithumela ngomshini we-x-ray ngokwehlukana. (Ngemininingwane yenqubomgomo, iya kuwebhusayithi ye-Transportation Security Administration ku www.tsa.gov/311/index.shtm.)

Lezi zimiso "zoketshezi" zavela lapho amaphoyisa ase-UK embula uzungu lwamaphekula lokudala iziqhumane ezindizeni ngokuletha izingxenye ezihlukile, ezingenabungozi (futhi ikakhulukazi eziwuketshezi) emkhunjini ngokuzimela, bese ezihlanganisa lapho indiza isemoyeni. Leso sakhiwo saholela ekuvinjelweni emhlabeni jikelele ngokungahambisani nanoma yiziphi izamba ezibalulekile zoketshezi ebhodini; imithethonqubo ifana kakhulu nakwamanye amazwe. (Empeleni, umthetho woketshezi uyisizathu esikhulu esenza ukuthi izinga lokulahleka kwempahla likhuphuke. Ngemuva kokusebenza komthetho, inani lezikhwama abagibeli ababelihlola esikhundleni sokuqhubeka likhuphuke cishe ngamaphesenti angama-20, laphazamisa amandla emithwalo yendiza izinhlelo nabasebenzi.)

Okuhlukile: Uma usususe ukuphepha esikhumulweni sezindiza, usengathenga ikhofi noma ibhodlela lamanzi esitolo sokugcina bese uqhubeka nalo. Kepha uma ungomunye walaba bahamba ngezinyawo othanda ukubeka utshwala obungenamsebenzi eSt.Thomas bese uphethe amabhokisi otshwala endizeni yakho yokubuya, uyikhohlwe. Kuzofanele ithunyelwe, noma ifakwe emithwalweni yakho ehloliwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kulezi zinsuku izindiza zezindiza zikuvumela kuphela ukuthi uphathe ucezu olulodwa lwesikhwama kanye "nento yakho" efana nesikhwama semali, isikhwama esikhwameni noma isikhwama sekhompyutha.

Uma uthembele emithethweni ekhululekile khohlwa ngakho. Emuva ngoMeyi, 2007 isikhulu seTSA sitshele ingqungquthela yezokuvakasha eyayiseMiami ukuthi umthetho woketshezi walesi sikhungo uzohlala usebenza "esikhathini esizayo, okungenani." Ngokusobala, akukho okushintshile ngenqubomgomo abagibeli abaningi abayithatha njengokulawula ngokweqile ngokungafanele futhi engenangqondo impela ngokuphepha kwangempela.