Lena indaba yendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angu-250, cishe ihora nesigamu ukushayela enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye New York City, okwathi phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule yaba isenzakalo sokungcebeleka esingafani nanoma iyiphi enye. Le ndawo ibihehe abavakashi kusukela ngeminyaka yangemva kweMpi Yombango ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo nokufinyeleleka ngojantshi besitimela ababili, i-Ontario & Western kanye ne-Ulster & Delaware. Abasanda kufika bakhuphukela ezintabeni zaseCatskill ukuze bazinze, balime, futhi babaleke endaweni engenampilo yokuphila kwasemakhaya.

Umlayezo wabuya e-New York East Side engezansi: umoya wawuhlanzekile futhi uhlanzekile, indawo yayiyinhle, futhi isimo sezulu sikaJulayi no-August sasipholile kunedolobha. Izindlu zasemapulazini zaguqulwa zaba yizindlu zokuhlala ukuze kuhlaliswe izivakashi ezifuna ubumnandi obulula bomoya ohlanzekile, ukudla okusha kwasepulazini, ukubuka kwezintaba kanye nokuhamba ngezinyawo emzileni onomthunzi.

Lezi zindawo zokungcebeleka zasehlobo ezingxenyeni zezifunda zaseSullivan, Orange nase-Ulster zazibizwa ngokuthi “iBorscht Belt” ezaheha abafuduki abangamaJuda abavela empumalanga yeYurophu. Lezi zindawo zokungcebeleka beziyindawo yokuvakasha edumile yamaJuda aseNew York City phakathi kwawo-1920 nawo-1970. Amahhotela, ama-bungalow colonies, amakamu ehlobo kanye nezindlu zokuhlala eziziphekelayo zazivame ukuhanjelwa imindeni yamaJuda aseNew York aphakathi nendawo nabasebenzi. Amanye alawa mahhotela eCatskill aguqulwa esuka emapulazini abokufika ababewaqale ekuqaleni kwawo-1900. Le ndawo yayibhekelela ikakhulukazi imindeni yamaJuda ehlinzeka ngokudla kwe-kosher, amagumbi okulala nokuzijabulisa. Cishe bonke abadlali abadumile bamaJuda kanye nosomahlaya bazothuthukisa amakhono abo kulezi zindawo zokungcebeleka okuhlanganisa uSid Caesar, Woody Allen, Billy Crystal, Rodney Dangerfield, Gabe Kaplan, Jerry Seinfeld, Henry Youngman, Andy Kaufman, Buddy Hackett, Jerry Lewis, Joan Rivers, kanye nabaningi. abanye.

Ngesikhathi sokudlondlobala kwayo, izindawo zokungcebeleka ezingaba ngu-500 bezisiza izivakashi zemiholo eyahlukene. Amanye amahhotela amakhulu abenabakhiqizi abafana noMoss Hart eFlagler, uNeil Simon eTaminent. Benza izigcawu ezivela ku-Kingsley's Dead End noma i-Odets' Waiting For Lefty noma izingoma zomculo ezifana nezikhonkwane nezinaliti ze-International Ladies Garment Worker's Union. Abasebenzi bebecula izingoma ezikhethiwe ku-The Barber of Seville noma i-Pagliacci.

Abalweli bemiklomelo abadumile uRocky Marciano, Sonny Liston no-Muhammed Ali baqeqeshwa lapho. Izigidi zezivakashi, ikakhulukazi abantu baseNew York, zabhukuda emachibini nasemachibini okubhukuda amakhulu ngokweqile futhi zakhetha ukushushuluza eqhweni noma ukushwibeka eqhweni, ukuze zenze izifundo zethenisi negalofu. Izindawo zokungcebeleka ezaziwa kakhulu bekuyi-The Concord, i-Grossinger's, i-The Nevele (“Ishumi nanye” ibhalwe emuva), i-Brickman's, i-Kutcher's, i-Friar Tuck Inn, i-Gilbert's, i-Woodbine Hotel, i-Tamareck Lodge, i-Raleigh, ne-Pines Resort.

Amahhotela amabili amakhudlwana e-High View (enyakatho ye-Bloomingburg) kwakuyi-Shawanga Lodge kanye ne-Overlook. Ngo-1959, abakwaShawanga babamba ingqungquthela eyaphawula ukuqala kocwaningo olunzulu nge-laser. Ihhotela lasha langqongqa ngo-1973. I-Overloook yayinokuzijabulisa kanye nezindawo zokuhlala zasehlobo ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960 futhi yayisetshenziswa umndeni wakwaSchrier. Yayihlanganisa ibhilidi elikhulu namanye ama-bungalows angaba ngu-50, kanye nekotishi elinamayunithi amahlanu ngaphesheya komgwaqo.

I-New York, Ontario & Western Railway yathwala abagibeli eya endaweni yokungcebeleka isuka e-Weehawken, eNew Jersey, kwaze kwaba ngu-1948. Ujantshi wesitimela walahlwa ngo-1957.

Ukuncipha kwezindawo zokungcebeleka zaseCatskills kwabonakala ekuqaleni kuka-1965. Ezokuzijabulisa eMelika zazishintsha njengoba izwe lingenisa inkathi yendiza. Njengoba imigoqo yobuhlanga e-US iqala ukuwa nokuhambela izindawo zokungcebeleka ezikude kuba lula futhi kushibhile, imindeni embalwa yamaJuda aseMelika eNew York City eya eCatskills. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1960, phakathi kwekota kanye nengxenye yesithathu yezivakashi zaminyaka yonke zikaGrossinger zazingewona amaJuda. Ngisho nokuthengiswa kwamahhotela anesimo somoya emhlabeni wonke kulo lonke elaseMelika kudonsele amakhasimende kude nezindawo zokungcebeleka ezigugile ezakhiwe ngaphambi kokuba lokhu kuqalwa kujwayelekile. Ezinxushunxushwini zezenhlalo nezamasiko ngeminyaka yawo-1960, amaholide endabuko alahlekelwa ukukhanga kwawo kubantu abadala abaningi abasebasha.

Amahhotela amancane, anesizotha kakhulu njenge-Youngs Gap kanye neNxusa azithola esendaweni enamakhasimende anyamalalayo futhi avalwa ekupheleni kwawo-1960. Maphakathi nawo-1990, cishe amahhotela namamotela angu-300 kwase kuphelelwe ibhizinisi eSullivan County.

Iminyaka yawo-1970 yaba nethonya ezikhungweni zikanokusho ezifana neFlagler kanye neThe Laurels. Ngo-1986 i-Grossinger yavalwa ukuze ilungiswe, futhi umsebenzi awuzange uqedwe abanikazi abasha. Imbangi enkulu yomlando kaGrossinger (futhi enkulu kunazo zonke izindawo zokungcebeleka ze-Borscht Belt), i-Concord, yahlomula okwesikhashana, yafaka isicelo sokuqothuka ngo-1997 futhi yavalwa ngemva konyaka.

Izinhlelo ezibambezeleke isikhathi eside manje sezisetshenziswa yilabo abathenga i-Concord Resort Hotel kanye ne-Grossinger's ukuze basebenzisane naboMdabu baseMelika bendawo ukuze balethe ukugembula esifundeni. Ngenxa yokuthi imakethe eyinhloko ye-Borscht Belt kade yadlula futhi izindawo zokungcebeleka eziningi zishiywe dengwane, abathuthukisi bakholelwa ukuthi okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuvuselela isifunda ukuheha izivakashi kumakhasino asezingeni lomhlaba nezindawo zokungcebeleka njengalezo eziseNew Jersey nase-Connecticut.

Ngomhla ziyisi-8 kuFebhruwari, 2018, i-Resort World Catskills Casino yavulwa enhliziyweni ye-“Borscht Belt” endala e-Monticello, eNew York cishe ngamamayela angu-80 enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-New York City. Ihlanganisa ihhotela elinezitezi ezingu-18, imidlalo yetafula engu-150 kanye nemishini yokudlala engu-2,150. Ikhasino izoba yisisekelo senxanxathela yezokuvakasha ebiza u-$1.2 billion ezohlanganisa indawo yokuzijabulisa, indawo yokuhlala epaki yamanzi nenkundla yegalofu enezimbobo ezingu-18 uCharles A. Degliomini, iphini likamongameli omkhulu weResorts World Catskills uthe, “Ngokuvula kwethu, sibheke phambili ekuqhubekiseni ezokuvakasha e-Catskills, sikhuthaze umnotho futhi senze iminikelo ephusile esiza ukubuyisela amaCatskill ebalazweni njengendawo ephambili yokubaleka nendawo yangempela.”

UStanley Turkel

Umbhali, uStanley Turkel, yisiphathimandla nomxhumanisi ohlonishwayo embonini yehhotela. Usebenzisa ihhotela lakhe, ukungenisa izihambi kanye nemikhuba yokubonisana egxile ekuphathweni kwempahla, ekucwaningweni kwamabhuku kokusebenza nokusebenza kwezivumelwano zokukhushulwa kwamahhotela nezabelo zokuxhaswa kwamacala. Amakhasimende angabanikazi bamahhotela, abatshalizimali, nezikhungo ezibolekisa ngemali.

“Abakhi Bamahhotela Abakhulu BaseMelika”

Incwadi yami yesishiyagalombili yomlando wehhotela inezakhiwo eziyishumi nambili ezakha amahhotela angama-94 kusuka ngo-1878 kuya ku-1948: iWarren & Wetmore, iSchultze & Weaver, uJulia Morgan, u-Emery Roth, uMcKim, uMead & White, uHenry J. Hardenbergh, uCarrere & Hastings, uMulliken noMoeller, UMary Elizabeth Jane Colter, iTrowbridge & Livingston, uGeorge B. Post kanye namadodana.

Ezinye Izincwadi Ezishicilelwe:

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LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:

Amahhotela amancane, anesizotha kakhulu njenge-Youngs Gap kanye neNxusa azithola esendaweni enamakhasimende ashabalalayo futhi avalwa ekupheleni kwawo-1960.
Izindawo zokungcebeleka ezaziwa kakhulu kwakuyi-The Concord, Grossinger's, The Nevele (“Eleven” ebhalwe emuva), Brickman's, Kutcher's, Friar Tuck Inn, Gilbert's, Woodbine Hotel, Tamareck Lodge, Raleigh, kanye nePines Resort.
Lena indaba yendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angu-250, cishe ihora nesigamu ukushayela enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeDolobha laseNew York, okuthe phakathi nekhulunyaka elidlule yaba isenzakalo sokungcebeleka esingafani nanoma iyiphi enye.