The Covid-19 ubhubhane kanye nokuvalwa kukazwelonke kube nomthelela omkhulu ku ENingizimu Afrika umkhakha wezindawo zokuhlala. Njengomphumela oqondile, amabhizinisi amaningi amancane acekelwa phansi ubunzima bezezimali manje aphoqeleka ukuthi afune uhlobo oluthile losizo lwezezimali. NKwenziwa inhlolovo yomhlaba wonke yezindawo zokuhlala, ukuthola ukuthi lolu bhubhane lube nomthelela onjani ekusebenzeni kwabo kwezezimali nakubasebenzi. Ucwaningo luhlolisise ukuthi mangaki kula mabhizinisi afake isicelo futhi athola usizo lwezezimali kumabhange noma izimali zosizo, nokuthi abanikazi bamabhizinisi balibheka kanjani ikusasa lomkhakha wezokuvakasha esifundeni sabo. Iminikelo engu-4,488 itholakele ivela kubaninimabhizinisi beendawo zokuhlala kulolu cwaningo abamele izikhungo zokuhlala zendawo ezingama-7,262, okwenza lolu cwaningo lube olunye lwezinhlolovo ezinkulu kakhulu zalolu hlobo.
Ukuhlola ukusaphazeka: I-COVID-19 imise kanjani imboni yaseNingizimu Afrika echumayo yezindawo zokuvakasha
U-28% wabahlinzeki bezindawo zokuhlala baseNingizimu Afrika kungenzeka bangasindi enkingeni ye-COVID-19. Ubhadane lwe-COVID-19 lube nomthelela omkhulu embonini yezindawo zokuvakasha zaseNingizimu Afrika, lashiya ukungaqiniseki, ubunzima bezezimali futhi, ezimweni eziningi, nokucekeleka phansi komnotho.
Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi iningi lamabhizinisi angama-56,5% athinteke kakhulu nokuthi izinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo kuzoba ngumzabalazo. Ama-27,6% akhombise amathuba amakhulu okuthi ibhizinisi labo ngeke lisinde, okuyi-3,9% yabo ethe ibhizinisi labo ngeke lisinde kulo bhubhane. ILimpopo (37,5%), iNyakatho Ntshonalanga (37,8%), iMpumalanga (33,5%) kanye neNyakatho Kapa (34,2%) babike amathuba aphezulu kakhulu okuhluleka kwebhizinisi. Njengoba iLimpopo neMpumalanga kuthathwa kabanzi njengezifundazwe ezinamathuba amaningi okubuka imidlalo yasekhaya nawomhlaba wonke, lokhu kwehluleka kwebhizinisi okungaba nomthelela omkhulu wesikhathi eside emnothweni wezokuvakasha waseNingizimu Afrika, nobunzima bezomnotho besikhathi esifushane obusivele bukhona ubonakale kule miphumela.
Ngokuqhathaniswa nabangama-82,6% abaphendulile babike ukuthi amabhizinisi abo azinzile ngaphambi kwe-COVID-19, okuyi-49,8% yabo ekhombisa imali engenayo ethe xaxa uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka owedlule kwathi ama-32,8% akhombisa ukuthi amabhizinisi abo ayachuma.
Ukuze kukhanyiswe ukuthi ibanga elide kangakanani umthelela wenkinga ye-COVID-19 libe likusasa lemboni yezindawo zokuvakasha kuze kube manje, abanikazi baceliwe ukuthi bakhombise amazinga abo okukhansela izindawo zokuhlala ngoJuni / Julayi, uSepthemba noKhisimusi ozayo. izinkathi zonyaka. Ukukhanselwa kokubhuka okuzayo kwaqoshwa ngo-82% ngesizini kaJuni / Julayi, 61% ngoSepthemba no-30% ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi ezweni lonke. Lezi zibalo zikhombisa umthelela omubi ngokushesha emalini engenayo, ngomthelela omkhulu osalindelekile kusigaba sesithathu sezimali. Izibalo zamanje zikaDisemba zibonisa amandla alo mphumela axhasayo kwikota yesine.
Omunye ophendulile ovela eRobertson eWestern Cape uthe kodwa ukukhathazeka kwakhe okukhulu kugxile kakhulu kunezinga lokukhanselwa okukhulu. “Udaba olukhona manje alumayelana nenani lokukhanselwa ezinyangeni ezizayo. Kumayelana nokungabibikho ngokuphelele kokubhuka okusha okuza ─ okuvela kuzivakashi zaphesheya kwezilwandle akukho lapho kungekho khona umbono wokuthi ukuvinjelwa kokuhamba kuzosuswa nini. ”
Omunye ophendulile ovela eClarens eFreyistata uqhubeka nokugcizelela ukuthi amazinga okukhansela abonisa kuphela umthelela weqiniso kwezomnotho ubhadane nokuvaleka okulethile. “Angikaze ngikhanselwe kusuka ngoJuni - Septhemba ngoba akukaze kube nemibuzo selokhu kumenyezelwe ukuvalwa komsebenzi. [sic]
Njengoba kunikezwe umthelela omkhulu i-COVID-19 eye yaba nawo emalini engenayo, abanikazi babuzwa nokuthi ngabe kuye kwadingeka basebenzise noma yikuphi ukuncishiswa kwamaholo noma ukudilizwa emsebenzini njengomphumela oqondile wobhubhane. Ama-78,1% amabhizinisi ezindawo zokuvakasha abika ukuthi asungula uhlobo oluthile lokuncishiswa komholo wesikhashana njengomphumela oqondile we-COVID-19, okuyi-24,7% yawo ebike ukwehliswa kwemiholo yesikhashana ebalulekile kwathi i-31,8% yabika bonke abasebenzi bayo ngokuholelwa i-zero okwesikhashana.
Bangu-21,9% kuphela abaphendulile ababike ukuthi abasebenzi babo abathintekile yilo bhubhane.
Imiphumela iqhubeka ikhombisa ukuthi kuma-77,6%, abamele amahhotela babike inani eliphezulu kakhulu lokwehliswa kwemiholo kanti ku-70,1%, imibiko yabamele izikhundla iza ngemuva kwesikhashana. Njengoba abamele ukuziphakela bebika inani eliphansi kakhulu lamabhizinisi asebenzisa ukwehliswa okukhulu kwamaholo (54,6%), le datha ikhombisa ukuthi iningi lamabhizinisi ezindawo zokuvakasha ezweni lonke kuye kwadingeka ukuthi anciphise kakhulu izindleko zamaholo.
Ngokuphikisana nabangama-56,5% abaphendulile asebenzise ukuncishiswa okukhulu kweholo lesikhashana, abangama-62% abaphendulile bathi abakadilizwa unomphela abasebenzi ngenxa ye-COVID-19. Yize ukudilizwa unomphela kuboniswa okumbalwa, ama-20,7% amabhizinisi athi kudingeke ukuthi adilize unomphela abanye abasebenzi ngenxa yemiphumela eqondile ye-COVID-19, kuyilapho ama-9,3% kudingeke ukuthi enze ukudilizwa okukhulu kanti ama-8% adilize ngokuphelele abasebenzi. Abaphenduli baKwaZulu-Natali babike inani elikhulu labadiliziwe emsebenzini elingama-24,3%, okukhombisa inani eliphezulu kakhulu ezingeni lesifundazwe, kanti iNyakatho Kapa enabantu abambalwa kakhulu ibike ukudilizwa kwabantu abawu-17,9%.
Ekuhloleni ukushiyeka okushiywe yi-COVID-19 ngemuva kwayo, imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombisa ngokusobala imiphumela emibi yesikhashana embonini yezindawo zokuvakasha, okuholele ekulimaleni kwezimali maqondana nemali engenayo yebhizinisi kanye nemiphumela ebabazekayo yezenhlalo nezomnotho eNingizimu Afrika abasebenzi bezokuvakasha.
Le miphumela, nokho, ayilindeli ukuthi kube nokulahleka okufanayo kwesikhathi eside okudlula ikota yesine yezimali. Yize noma ukungaqiniseki kubonakala kusalokhu kungukuqiniseka kuphela ngekusasa eliseduze, iningi labaphendulile likhombise ukuthi liyakholelwa ukuthi lizobona amazinga ajwayelekile ezokuvakasha ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi walo nyaka, okukhombisa umbono omuhle ngekusasa lezokuvakasha yize sinobunzima obukhona njengamanje.
Ukufuna isiphephelo: Imboni yokuhlala yezokuvakasha ingena kanjani ebunzimeni bezezimali
U-57% wabanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala baphoqeleke ukuthi bafune usizo lwezezimali ngenxa yezinyathelo zokuvala i-COVID-19. Ngokwenhlolovo enkulu kunazo zonke ezweni lonke yalolu hlobo, iningi labanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala alinayo enye indlela ngaphandle kokufaka isicelo sosizo lwezezimali kumabhange noma izimali zokusiza ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kwebhizinisi, negebe elibonakalayo lamazinga empumelelo phakathi kwezifundazwe abikwa lapho kufikwa ekusebenziseni ukukhululeka kwezezimali kusuka kwizimali zokuxhaswa ze-COVID-19.
Abanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala bathi izinyathelo eziningi esezithathiwe ukunciphisa izinga lokutheleleka le-COVID-19 zibe nomthelela omkhulu embonini yezindawo zokuhlala ezihambela izindawo, okuholele ekutheni iningi lemisebenzi kule mboni imiswe kuze kufike ku-Alert Level 1 of the ukuvalwa kwezwe lonke. Ucwaningo lwenziwe ukukala ukulinganiswa kokuvunywa kwabanini bamabhizinisi ezinyathelweni zikahulumeni kanye nosizo lukahulumeni kumabhizinisi amancane, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi mangaki kulawa mabhizinisi afake isicelo futhi athola usizo lwezezimali kumabhange noma izimali zosizo.
Lapho bebuzwa ngezicelo zosizo lwezezimali ezivela emabhange, bangu-34,8% abaphendulile abakhombisile ukuthi bazenzile lezi zicelo. Izicelo eziningi zenziwe eNyakatho Ntshonalanga naKwaZulu-Natali, kanti u-44% wabaphenduli kuzona zombili izifundazwe ukhombisile ukuthi bafake izicelo. Izinga lokufakwa kwezicelo eliphansi kakhulu libonwe eNtshonalanga Kapa, kwathi abangu-26,6% babaphenduli babika izicelo. Uma kukhulunywa ngokuphumelela kwalezi zicelo, okuphezulu kakhulu kwaqoshwa eFree State, kwathi abangu-30% kwabaphendulayo bakhombisa ukuphumelela ngezicelo zabo. Izinga lempumelelo eliphansi kakhulu laqoshwa eLimpopo ngo-14%. Kubhalwe inani eliphelele lesicelo ezweni lonke lama-24%.
Kwabhalwa igebe elikhulu elibonakalayo phakathi kwezifundazwe ezinamazinga okuphumelela aphezulu naphansi kuzicelo zosizo lwezezimali ezivela kwizikhwama zokuxhasa ze-COVID-19. Uma bebuzwa ukuthi ngabe bafake izicelo zokuthola usizo lwezimali ngalezi zimali, bangu-50,1% abaphendulile abakhombisile ukuthi bafake izicelo, kanti abaphenduli baKwaZulu-Natali babika izicelo zesikhwama sezimali eziningi kunazo zonke zaba ngu-64,4%. Imiphumela iqhubeka ikhombisa ukuthi abaphenduli baseLimpopo babike impumelelo enkulu yezicelo zesikhwama sokusiza ngama-34,1%, yize kuyisifundazwe esiphumelele kakhulu ekutholeni uxhaso lwamabhange. Izifundazwe eziyisikhombisa zibike ukuthi izinga lempumelelo lingaphansi kuka-10%, kwathi i-Eastern Cape yathola izinga lokuphumelela eliphansi kakhulu laya ku-6,9%. Njengoba bangu-14,1% kuphela abafakizicelo abaphumelele ngezicelo zabo ezweni lonke, kunegebe elikhulu elibonakalayo phakathi kwezifundazwe ezinamazinga okuphumelela aphezulu naphansi.
Lapho bebuzwa ukuthi ngabe abaphendulile bayavumelana yini nendlela uhulumeni ayivala ngayo, bangu-40,9% abaphendulile abakhombise ukuthi abahambisani nalezi zinyathelo, kanti ama-28,3% akhombisa ukuthi abavumelani nalezi zinyathelo futhi u-12,6% akavumelani neze . Bangu-37,4% abaphendulile nokho abakhombise ukuthi bayavumelana nalezi zinyathelo, kuyilapho abangama-21,7% bengathathi hlangothi kulolu daba. Ngokuqaphelekayo, isilinganiso sokuvunywa okuphezulu kakhulu kwezinyathelo sarekhodwa eNtshonalanga Kapa, okumanje futhi esinenombolo ephezulu kakhulu noma amacala aqinisekisiwe e-COVID-19. Izifundazwe ezibike isilinganiso sokungavunyelwa okuphezulu kwezinyathelo zikahulumeni yiNyakatho Kapa engu-52,7%, iLimpopo ngama-48,8%, iMpumalanga ngama-46,6% neNyakatho Ntshonalanga ngo-45,6%. Lezi zifundazwe ezine futhi zibika ezinye zezibalo eziphansi kakhulu zamacala aqinisekisiwe e-COVID-19 eNingizimu Afrika.
Abaphenduli ngemuva kwalokho babuzwa ukuthi bazizwa kanjani ngemizamo kahulumeni yokusiza osomabhizinisi abancane ngesikhathi senhlekelele ye-COVID-19, lapho i-79,2% yabaphenduli ikhombise ukuthi uhulumeni akenzanga okwanele ukusiza osomabhizinisi abancane, kwathi ama-29,9% akhombisa ukuthi abanelisekile kanti ama-49,3% awanelisekile neze ngemizamo kahulumeni. Izinga eliphakeme lokungavunyelwa kwabaphendulile liqoshwe eLimpopo ngama-88,7%. IKwaZulu-Natali ibike inani eliphansi kakhulu labaphendulile abangenelisekile ku-39,7%.
Ngesikhathi kwenziwa lolu cwaningo, abaphendulile banikezwa ithuba lokungeza ukuphawula okuphelele kuzimpendulo zabo. Inani elibonakalayo labaphendulile laphawula ukuthi ukufaka izicelo ngempumelelo zosizo lwezezimali kwaba yinselele. Omunye umnikazi webhizinisi waseTzaneen eLimpopo ubalule izikhalazo eziningi ngalokhu: “Sasifaka isicelo se-UIF kubasebenzi bethu. Lokho kwasenza sasingafaneleki ukuthola ezinye izimali. Asifuni ukuboleka imali esikhwameni okumele sibuyiselwe emuva kwalokho ngoba siqala kabusha ngemuva kwenhlekelele ngaphandle kokuthunyelwa njengesipele. Sibona sengathi umnyango wethu wezokuVakasha kuzwelonke usilahlekisile ngo-100% ngesigaba somthetho esimayelana nesimo se-BEE esikhwameni sezokuvakasha. Futhi besizothokozela ukuholwa okuningi ngalesi sikhathi maqondana nokuthi kufanele silusingathe kanjani ibhizinisi ngalesi sikhathi. [sic] ”
Omunye umnikazi wasePinelands eKapa uqhubeka ngokugcizelela lobu bunzima: “Kuyasikhathaza kithina ukuthi asikwazi ukufaka isicelo Esikhwameni Sokusiza Ezokuvakasha ngenxa yenqubo ye-BBEEE. Sonke siyahlupheka. [sic] ”. Umnikazi waseKnysna eWestern Cape uphinde waveza ukungakwazi kwakhe ukufaka isicelo esikhwameni sosizo ngenxa yenqubo ye-BEE: “Angikwazi ukufaka isicelo sokuthola usizo ngenxa yenqubo ye-BEE. Indlu yami yezivakashi ingu-100% yempesheni yami. Manje senginemali engenayo engenayo ngekusasa elibonakalayo. [sic] ”.
Imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi imboni yezokuvakasha ilimale kabi ngesikhathi kuqhamuka i-COVID-19. Amabhizinisi amaningi ezindawo zokuvakasha ashiyelwa ezandleni zawo ngokungakwazi ukuthola ngempumelelo usizo lwezezimali ukuze aqhubekele phambili esikhathini esinzima kakhulu imboni yethu ebhekane naso emlandweni wakamuva. Ngenkathi eziningi zalezi zikhungo zingakwazi ukuthi ngabe isivunguvungu, amabhizinisi amancane amaningi angeke aphile ngaphandle kokuxhaswa okwengeziwe kwezezimali.
Uma ubheka ikusasa: Abanikazi bebhizinisi balinganisa umkhakha wezindawo zokuvakasha ngemuva kwe-COVID-19
Iningi labanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala bakholwa ukuthi ezokuvakasha zizobuyela emazingeni ajwayelekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi sikaKhisimusi ka-2020. Lesi sibalo esivela kolunye ucwaningo olukhulu kunawo lonke ezweni lonke lolo hlobo, sidweba isithombe sethemba ngekusasa lohambo phakathi kwesifo i-COVID-19.
Njengoba ubhadane lwe-COVID-19 luthumela amaza embonini yezokuvakasha yaseNingizimu Afrika futhi lumisa uhambo olumise kabi, abanikazi abaningi bezindawo zokuhlala basala bezibuza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngalo mkhakha uma lolu bhubhane seludambile.
Ngenkathi ukubhuka kwezindawo zokuhlala kusalokhu kuphansi ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kukazwelonke, abaphenduli babuzwa ukuthi bacabanga ukuthi ezokuvakasha esifundeni sabo zizobuyela emazingeni ajwayelekile. Iningi elincane labaninimabhizinisi, u-55,2%, balindele ukuthi ibhizinisi libuyele kokujwayelekile ngaphambi noma ngaphambi kwesikhathi sikaKhisimusi 2020, kanti abanye abasele abanathemba. Uma kwenzeka amazinga ajwayelekile athela izithelo ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi, ukuhlengwa okunye okusele konyaka wezimali kungaba yinto engenzeka.
Ku-68,9%, iLimpopo iqophe isibalo esiphezulu sabaphenduli esikhombisa ukulindelwa kwamazinga ajwayelekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi sikaKhisimusi ka-2020, kuyilapho iFree State, iMpumalanga Kapa, iMpumalanga neNyakatho Ntshonalanga bonke babike ukulindela okungaphezu kwama-60% kwamazinga ajwayelekile ngalesi sikhathi . Le datha ikhombisa ukuthi kusenombono omuhle wonyaka wekhalenda we-2020 naphezu kobunzima obukhulu.
Lapho bebuzwa ngombono wabo ngekusasa lezokuvakasha esifundeni sabo uma ubhadane seludlulile isikhathi eside, iningi labaninimabhizinisi baphendule benombono omuhle noma ongaqinisekile ngekusasa lemboni, ngo-9,4% kuphela okhombisa ukuthi abanathemba futhi Ama-3,7% abika ukungabi nathemba okweqile. U-43,4% uzwakalise ukungaqiniseki ngekusasa, kanti u-30,7% uthe banethemba elikhulu kanti u-12,8% unethemba elikhulu. Njengoba le miphumela ikhombisa ithemba elikhulu kuma-43,5%, kubhangqwe iningi labaninimabhizinisi liqagela amazinga ajwayelekile okubhuka ngoKhisimusi noma ngaphambi kwawo, kungaphetha ngokuthi inani elikhulu labaninimabhizinisi bakholelwa ukuthi ubhadane lwe-COVID-19 yehle nokuthi imboni yezindawo zokuvakasha izotakulwa.
Yize osomabhizinisi abaningi bekhombisa umbono omuhle ngekusasa, kusekhona isibalo esikhulu sabanikazi abasala bengaqiniseki ngekusasa lohambo esifundeni sabo. Omunye umnikazi waseJeffreys Bay e-Eastern Cape uphawule wathi “okwamanje ngibona sengathi ngisesimweni sokuxinwa futhi ikusasa alikaqiniseki.” Omunye umnikazi eModimolle eLimpopo uphawule wathi ukungaqiniseki embonini yezokuvakasha kuholela ngqo ekuswelekeni kokubhukha okusha. “Ngenxa yokungaqiniseki embonini yezokuvakasha angikaze ngithole ukubhuka okusha ngoJuni / Julayi noma ngo-Septhemba kuya kuDisemba. Imvamisa manje sengibhaliswe ngokuphelele. [sic]
Lokhu kuhlola kukhombisa ukuthi umthelela omkhulu wobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 kuholele ekutheni bobabili abanikazi bezindawo zokuvakasha nabahambi bagcwale ukungaqiniseki ngekusasa lohambo. Ukushoda kokubhukha okungenayo kukhombisa ukungazethembi kokubhuka kubahambi, okuholela ekungaqiniseki okukhulu kwezezimali kula mabhizinisi.
#ukwakha kabusha
