IATA ikhipha isibikezelo sango-2009

Ngokusho kwe-International Air Transport Association (IATA), izinkampani zezindiza emhlabeni kulindeleke ukuthi zilahlekelwe yi-US $ 2.5 billion ngo-2009.

Izibikezelo ezinhle kakhulu yilezi:
Imali engenayo embonini kulindeleke ukuthi yehle ifinyelele ku-US$501 billion. Lokhu kwehla kwezigidigidi ezingama-US$35 ukusuka ku-US$536 wezigidigidi zemali engenayo ebikezelwe ngo-2008. Lokhu kwehla kwemali engenayo ngokokuqala kusukela eminyakeni emibili ilandelana yokwehla ngo-2001 no-2002.

Isivuno sizokwehla ngamaphesenti angu-3.0 (amaphesenti angu-5.3 uma kulungiswa amanani okushintshanisa nokwehla kwamandla emali). Ukuhamba kwabagibeli kulindeleke ukuthi kwehle ngamaphesenti ama-3 kulandela ukukhula ngamaphesenti ama-2 ngo-2008. Lokhu ukwehla kokuqala kokuhamba kwabagibeli kusukela ehle ngamaphesenti angu-2.7 ngo-2001.

Ukuhamba kwempahla kulindeleke ukuthi kwehle ngamaphesenti amahlanu, kulandela ukwehla ngamaphesenti angu-5 ngo-1.5. Ngaphambi kuka-2008 kwagcina ukwehla ngo-2008 lapho kwehle khona ngamaphesenti ayisi-2001.

Intengo kawoyela ka-2009 kulindeleke ukuthi ibe ngamadola aseMelika angama-60 ngomphongolo ngesamba sebhiliyoni yama-US$142. Lokhu kungu-US$32 webhiliyoni ngaphansi kunango-2008 lapho uwoyela wawubalelwa ku-US$100 umphongolo ngamunye (Brent).

i-America esenyakatho
Ukuncipha kokulahlekelwa yizimboni kusukela ngo-2008 kuya ku-2009 kungenxa yokushintsha kwemiphumela ye. Abathwali kulesi sifunda bathinteke kakhulu ngenxa yentengo ephezulu kaphethiloli enodonga olulinganiselwe futhi kulindeleke ukuthi bathumele ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwemboni ngo-2008 kumadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.9. Ukwehliswa kwamandla asekhaya ngamaphesenti ayishumi ekuqaleni kwempendulo yenkinga kaphethiloli kunikeze abathwali besifunda isiqalo ekulweni nokwehla kwesidingo esidalwa ukuwohloka komnotho. Ukuntuleka kothango manje kuvumela abathwali besifunda ukuthi basebenzise ngokugcwele ukwehla kwentengo kaphethiloli. Ngenxa yalokho, abathwali baseNyakatho Melika kulindeleke ukuthi bathumele inzuzo encane yama-US$10 wezigidi ngo-300.

Asia-Pacific
Izinkampani zezindiza zesifunda zizobona ukulahlekelwa okungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ukusuka ezigidini ezingama-US$500 ngo-2008 kuya ku-US$1.1 bhiliyoni ngo-2009. Ngamaphesenti angama-45 emakethe yezimpahla zomhlaba, abathwali besifunda bazokhinyabezwa ngokubi ngokwehla kokwehla okungamaphesenti amahlanu ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke ngonyaka ozayo. .

Futhi izimakethe zayo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhula - i-China ne-India - kulindeleke ukuthi zilethe ushintsho olukhulu ekusebenzeni. Ukukhula kwamaShayina kuzohamba kancane ngenxa yokwehla kwempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Abathwali baseNdiya, asebevele bedonsa kanzima ngezintela eziphezulu nengqalasizinda enganele, bangalindela ukwehla kwesidingo kulandela izehlakalo ezimbi zobushokobezi ngoNovemba. E-China, ukukhuphuka kwesibikezelo sokuhamba phakathi nonyaka wama-Olympics e-Beijing akuzange kwenzeke. Izinkampani zezindiza eziqhutshwa uhulumeni ziqophe ukulahlekelwa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-4.2 billion yuan ($ 613 million) ngoJanuwari-Okthoba. Ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezindleko zikaphethiloli ekuqaleni konyaka, izinkampani zezindiza zaphinde zalahlekelwa wukubiyela uphethiloli ngemuva kokwehla kwakamuva kwamanani entengo. Iziphathimandla zinxuse abathwali bakahulumeni ukuthi bakhansele noma babambezele ukulethwa kwezindiza. Izindiza ezimbili ezinkulu - i-China Eastern Airlines ezizinze e-Shanghai kanye ne-China Southern Airlines e-Guangzhou - ziphakathi kokuthola umjovo wemali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu ($3 million) kuhulumeni. I-China Eastern, phambilini ehlulekile ukuthengisa izabelo kubatshalizimali bamazwe ngamazwe, manje ingase ihlangane nezimbangi zayo i-Shanghai Airlines, umfelandawonye ophethe ifulegi i-Air China.

Ongoti bezindiza bathi izinkampani zezindiza zezifunda kufanele zikwazi ukumelana nokuwohloka kwezindiza kangcono kunozakwabo baseMelika nabaseYurophu ngoba banamabhalansi aqinile kanye nemikhumbi yesimanje. Futhi, izindiza eziningi, okuhlanganisa i-Singapore Airlines, iMalaysia Airlines zingaphansi kukahulumeni, okusho ukuthi zingathola ukwesekwa kukahulumeni uma kudingeka.

I-Korean Airlines Co., inkampani ethwala impahla enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wonke, ithumele ukulahlekelwa kwayo kwesine okulandelanayo kwekota yesithathu ngenxa yokuzuza okubuthakathaka, okukhuphule izindleko zokuthenga uphethiloli nokukhokhela izikweletu zangaphandle.

ICathay inezinhlelo zokupaka izimoto ezimbili ezithutha impahla, inikeze abasebenzi ikhefu elingakhokhelwa futhi ngokunokwenzeka ibambezele ukwakhiwa kwendawo yezimpahla ukuze kwehliswe izindleko. Izophinda ihlehlise izinsiza eziya eNyakatho Melika kodwa yengeze izindiza eziya e-Australia, Middle East nase-Europe ukuze igcine ukukhula kwabagibeli kuphansi ngo-2009, kodwa inkampani yezindiza ngeke inqamule noma yiziphi izindawo oya kuzo.
I-Singapore Airlines ithe inzuzo yayo yekota yesithathu yehle ngamaphesenti angama-36 futhi yaxwayisa “ngobuthakathaka” ngaphambi kokubhukha kusengaphambili ngo-2009.

Imakethe enkulu kunazo zonke kulesi sifunda - i-Japan - isivele isesimweni sokwehla komnotho. Ibhizinisi lezinkampani zenethiwekhi yase-Japan liphinde lasimama muva nje njengoba inani le-yen liqhathaniswa nedola laseMelika kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezimali zenze ukuya phesheya kwezilwandle kushibhile kwabakwa-Japanese. Noma kunjalo, i-All Nippon Airlines isisike isibikezelo sayo senzuzo yonke unyaka wonke ngezinhlelo ezintathu ezihlehlisiwe zoku-oda indiza entsha ye-jumbo.

I-Qantas Airways yase-Australia isinciphise imisebenzi engu-1,500 futhi ihlela ukunciphisa umthamo olingana nokumisa izindiza eziyishumi. Iphinde yanciphisa umgomo wayo wonyaka wonke wenzuzo yentela ngengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu.

I-AirAsia, okuyinkampani yezindiza enkulu kunazo zonke esifundeni, ithatha indlela ephikisanayo ngokungeza izindiza futhi yandise phakathi nokuwohloka.

I-AirAsia ilindele ukundiza abagibeli abayizigidi ezingu-19 kulo nyaka kanye nezigidi ezingu-24 ngo-2009, esho - isuka ezigidini ezingu-15 ngonyaka odlule.

I-AirAsia ayinazo izinhlelo zokukhansela noma ukuhlehlisa i-oda layo lezindiza ze-Airbus ezingu-175, ezilethwe ezingu-55 neziyisishiyagalolunye ezihloselwe u-2009.

Europe
Ukulahlekelwa kwezinkampani zezindiza zesifunda kuzokhuphuka ngokuphindwe kashumi kuye ku-$1 billion. Iminotho emikhulu yase-Europe isivele isesimweni sokuwohloka komnotho. I-Hedging ivale amanani aphezulu kaphethiloli kubathwali abaningi besifunda ngamadola aseMelika, futhi i-Euro ebuthaka yenza ihaba lomthelela.

Emaphakathi Mpumalanga
Ukulahlekelwa kwezindiza zezifunda kuphindwe kabili kuya ku-$200 million. Inselelo yesifunda kuzoba ukufanisa umthamo wesidingo njengoba imikhumbi ikhula kanye nokuhamba kwezimoto kuhamba kancane - ikakhulukazi ekuxhumekeni okude.

i-Latin America
I-Latin America izobona ukulahlekelwa okuphindwe kabili kuya ku-US $ 200 wezigidi. Isidingo esinamandla sempahla esiqhube ukukhula kwesifunda sinciphe kakhulu kulesi simo esibucayi somnotho. Ukwehla komnotho wase-US kushaya kakhulu isifunda.

Africa
Sizobona ukulahleka kwezigidi ezingama-US $300 kuqhubeka. Abathwali besifunda babhekene nokuncintisana okukhulu. Ukuvikela ukwabelana ngemakethe kuzoba inselele enkulu.

“Izinkampani zezindiza zenze umsebenzi oncomekayo wokuzihlela kabusha kusukela ngo-2001. Izindleko ezingasebenzisi uphethiloli zehle ngamaphesenti angu-13. Ukusebenza kahle kwamafutha kuthuthuke ngamaphesenti ayi-19. Futhi izindleko zeyunithi yokuthengisa nezokuthengisa zehle ngamaphesenti ayi-13. I-IATA ibe negalelo elikhulu kulokhu kuhlelwa kabusha. Ngo-2008 umkhankaso wethu kaphethiloli wasiza izinkampani zezindiza ukuthi zonge ama-US$5 wezigidigidi, okulingana namathani ayizigidi eziyi-14.8 we-CO2. Futhi umsebenzi wethu nabahlinzeki bempahla abayedwa uveze ukonga kwe-US$2.8 billion. Kodwa ukushuba kwesimo esibucayi somnotho kusibekele lezi zinzuzo futhi izinkampani zezindiza zithwele kanzima ukufanisa umthamo nokwehla okulindelwe ngamaphesenti amathathu kwesidingo sabagibeli ngo-3. Imboni isagula. Futhi kuzodinga izinguquko ezingaphezu kwamandla ezinkampani zezindiza ukuthi zibuyele endaweni enenzuzo,” kusho u-Bisignani we-IATA.

U-Bisignani uveze uhlelo lokusebenza lwemboni luka-2009 olubonisa Isimemezelo se-Istanbul seNhlangano ngoJuni walo nyaka. “Abasebenzi kumele bakuqonde ukuthi imisebenzi izoshabalala uma izindleko zingehli. Ozakwethu bemboni kumele bafake isandla enzuzweni esebenza kahle. Futhi ohulumeni kumele bayeke intela ehlanyisayo, balungise ingqalasizinda, banikeze izindiza inkululeko evamile yokuhweba futhi balawule ngempumelelo abahlinzeki abazimele,” kusho uBisignani.

Umhlaziyi uthe izindiza zizogxila ekuhlanganisweni futhi zifune nokusekelwa kukahulumeni ukuze kunqandwe ukwehla komnotho. Ukuhlanganiswa kusiza izinkampani zezindiza ngokunciphisa izindleko njengoba zabelana ngezinsiza futhi ziphakela abagibeli abaningi ngamahabhu.