- I-Aviation izibophezele ekwenziweni kwe-decarbonization njengemboni yomhlaba jikelele.
- Ama-Fuel Aviation Agcinekayo anciphisa ukukhishwa okungafika kuma-80% uma kuqhathaniswa nophethiloli wendabuko wendiza.
- Umbono wesikhathi esizayo we-Aviation ukuhlinzeka ngokuthuthwa komoya okusimeme, okungabizi kakhulu kuzo zonke izakhamizi zaseYurophu ezinemikhumbi enikwe amandla yiSAF, esebenza ngokuphathwa kahle kwezindiza.
The Inhlangano Yezindiza Yezindiza Yomhlaba Wonke (IATA) uxwayise ngokuthi ukuthembela enteleni njengesixazululo sokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezindiza esiphakamisweni se-EU 'Fit for 55' akuphikisani nenhloso yezindiza ezinzile. Inqubomgomo ye-EU idinga ukusekela izindlela ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa ukungcola okufana nezikhuthazo ze-Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) kanye nokuphathwa kwamanje kwezokuphathwa kwezindiza.
“Abezindiza bazibophezele ekwenzeni ama-decarbonisation njengemboni yomhlaba. Asidingi ukuncenga, noma izinyathelo zokujezisa njengezintela zokukhuthaza ushintsho. Eqinisweni, izintela zidonsa imali embonini engaxhasa ukutshalwa kwemali ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwezimoto kubuchwepheshe bokuvuselela izimoto nobuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile. Ukunciphisa ukungcola, sidinga ohulumeni ukuthi basebenzise uhlaka lwenqubomgomo eyakhayo, ngokushesha okukhulu, egxila kuzisusa zokukhiqiza zeSAF kanye nokuletha iSingle European Sky, ”kusho uWillie Walsh, uMqondisi Jikelele we-IATA.
Indlela Ephelele
Ukufeza ukukhishwa kwezindiza kwezindiza kudinga ukuhlanganiswa kwezinyathelo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Okokhelekayo Kwezezindiza Ezisimeme eyehlisa ukukhishwa kwe-80% uma kuqhathaniswa nophethiloli wendabuko wendiza. Ukutholakala kwenani elinqunyiwe namanani entengo aphezulu kunqunyelwe ukuthathwa kwamabhanoyi kumalitha ayizigidi eziyi-120 ngo-2021 - ingxenyana encane yamalitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-350 izindiza ebezizowasebenzisa ngonyaka 'ojwayelekile'.
- Izinyathelo ezisuselwa ezimakethe ukuphatha ukungcola kuze kube yilapho izixazululo zobuchwepheshe sezakhiwe ngokuphelele. Le mboni isekela iCarbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme ye-International Aviation (CORSIA) njengesilinganiso somhlaba wonke sazo zonke izindiza zomhlaba. Kugwema ukudala ukuhlangana kwezinyathelo zezwe noma zezifunda ezingalungiswa njenge-EU Emissions Trading Scheme, ezinganciphisa ukubambisana kwamazwe omhlaba. Izikimu ezigqagqene zingaholela ekukhishweni okufanayo okukhokhwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwesisodwa. I-IATA ikhathazeke kakhulu ngesiphakamiso seKhomishini sokuthi Amazwe aseYurophu ngeke esakwazi ukusebenzisa iCORSIA kuzona zonke izindiza zomhlaba.
- I-Single European Sky (SES) ukunciphisa ukungcola okungadingekile kusuka ekuphathweni kwe-air traffic (ATM) okuholele ekusebenzeni okungafanele. Ukwenza i-ATM yaseYurophu ibe yesimanje ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-SES kunganciphisa ukukhishwa kwezindiza kwaseYurophu phakathi kuka-6-10%, kepha ohulumeni bezwe bayaqhubeka nokubambezela ukusetshenziswa.
- Ubuchwepheshe obusha obuhlanzekile obusha. Yize kungenzeki ukuthi ukuqhuma kukagesi noma kwe-hydrogen kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhishweni kwezindiza ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esibekiwe se-EU 'Fit for 55' sango-2030, ukuthuthukiswa kwalobu buchwepheshe kuyaqhubeka futhi kudinga ukuxhaswa.
“Umbono wesikhathi esizayo we-Aviation wukuhlinzeka ngokuthuthwa kwezindiza okusimeme futhi okungabizi kakhulu kuzo zonke izakhamizi zase-Europe ezinemikhumbi enikwe amandla yiSAF, esebenza ngokuphathwa kahle kwezindiza. Sonke kufanele sikhathazeke ngokuthi umbono omkhulu we-EU wokuhlukanisa ngamabhanoyi ukwenza ezokundiza zibize kakhulu ngentela. Lokho ngeke kusifikise lapho kufanele sibe khona. Intela izoqeda imisebenzi. Ukukhuthaza i-SAF kuzothuthukisa ukuzimela kwamandla futhi kuvule namathuba emisebenzi asimeme. Ukugxila kumele kube ukugqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kweSAF, nokuletha iSingle European Sky, ”kusho uWalsh.
LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:
- The International Air Transport Association (IATA) warned that the reliance on taxation as the solution for cutting aviation emissions in the EU's ‘Fit for 55' proposal is counter-productive to the goal of sustainable aviation.
- While it is unlikely that electric or hydrogen propulsion could have a significant impact on aviation emissions within the EU ‘Fit for 55' timeframe of 2030, the development of these technologies is ongoing and needs to be supported.
- Insufficient supply and high prices have limited airline uptake to 120 million liters in 2021 — a small fraction of the 350 billion liters that airlines would consume in a ‘normal' year.
