U-Alexandre de Juniac, uMqondisi Jikelele we-IATA kanye ne-CEO bakhulume engqungqutheleni yeCAPA Aeropolitical and Regulatory Affairs Summit eDoha, eQatar namuhla:
Kuyintokozo enkulu ukuba lapha eQatar ukugxila ezindabeni ezithinta ezomhlaba nezokulawula eziphathelene nokuthuthwa komoya.
Ukuhamba ngezindiza kuyimboni yomhlaba wonke. Kulo nyaka izohlangabezana ngokuphepha nezidingo zezokuthutha zabahambi abayizigidigidi ezingama-4.6. Izothuthukisa umnotho womhlaba ngokuthutha amathani ayizigidi ezingama-66 wezimpahla, inani lalo elibamba ingxenye yesithathu yezohwebo zomhlaba.
Umkhondo wemboni ufinyelela kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba. Akukaze nanini ngaphambili sixhunyaniswe kangaka. Futhi njengoba ukuminyana kokuxhuma komhlaba kukhula unyaka nonyaka, umhlaba uyachuma.
Ngibiza indiza ngokuthi yiBhizinisi Lenkululeko. Ku-IATA AGM lapha eDoha nga-2014 sagubha iminyaka lelikhulu yendiza yekucala yekuhweba. Ukundiza ngezindiza kushintshe umhlaba kwaba ngcono ngokucindezela emuva amabanga okude futhi kubhebhethekisa ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke. Njengomkhakha singaziqhenya.
Asikwazanga, noma kunjalo, ukusebenza ezingeni lamanje lokuphepha, ngezinga elifanayo lokusebenza kahle noma esikalini esikwenzayo ngaphandle kwemithetho evamile futhi esetshenzisiwe yomdlalo. Umthethonqubo ubaluleke kakhulu ezindizeni.
Ngibonga abakwaCAPA kanye nabakwaQatar Airways ngokubambisana ukusiza izingxoxo ezibalulekile ezizoba lapha namuhla nakusasa.
Abaningi banombono wokuthi izinhlangano zabasebenzi “zilwa” nomthetho. NjengoMqondisi-Jikelele we-IATA, kuyiqiniso ukuthi isikhathi sami esiningi sigxile ekumeleleni, kepha ngenhloso yokuthola isakhiwo somthetho esidingekayo empumelelweni yezindiza.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokho kusho ukusebenzisana nohulumeni ngqo nange-International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) ukukhiqiza umthethonqubo owenza ukuba izindiza zifeze umsebenzi wazo njengeBhizinisi Lenkululeko. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusho ukuhlanganisa izindiza ukuze zivume izindinganiso zomhlaba wonke ezisekela uhlelo lomhlaba jikelele.
Ukuqedela isingathekiso, amazinga omhlaba jikelele kanye nomthethonqubo kusebenza ngokubambisana ukwenza ukuhamba ngezindiza kuphephe, kusebenze futhi kusimame. Futhi ngokusimama, ngisho kokubili ngokwemvelo nangezimali zomkhakha.
Umthethonqubo Ohlakaniphile kanye Nezemvelo
Labo enijwayelene ne-IATA bazolazi igama elithi Smarter Regulation. Kungumqondo esiwukhuthaze iminyaka eminingana. I-Smarter Regulation ibangelwa ukuxoxisana phakathi kwemboni nohulumeni abagxile ekuxazululeni izinkinga zangempela. Leyo ngxoxo kufanele iqondiswe ngamazinga womhlaba wonke futhi yaziswe ngokuhlaziya okunzima kwezindleko nezinzuzo. Ngokwenza njalo, kugwema imiphumela engahlosiwe neyokuphikisana nokukhiqiza.
Kungcono kakhulu, i-Smarter Regulation iyasebenza. Ngaleyo ndlela sazuza i-CORSIA — i-Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme ye-International Aviation. Lesi yisivumelwano somhlaba wonke esiguqula umdlalo ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu esizokwenza ukuthi ezindiza zikwazi ukuthola ukukhula okungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kusuka ngonyaka wezi-2020.
Kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka, zonke izinkampani zezindiza ziqapha ukukhishwa kwazo ezindizeni zomhlaba wonke ezizobe sezibika kohulumeni bazo. Le nqubo izokwakha isisekelo. Futhi ilayisense yokukhulisela izinkampani zezindiza kuzoba yizinto abazithengayo ukuxhasa izinhlelo zokwehlisa isikhutha kwezinye izingxenye zomnotho.
Vele, iCORESIA iyodwa ayanele. Sisebenzisana nohulumeni nakuyo yonke imboni ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kobuchwepheshe ngobuchwepheshe obusha, ukukhuphuka kokuthunyelwa kwezingqalasizinda ezithuthukisiwe zezingqalasizinda, kanye nemisebenzi esebenza kahle.
ICORESIA izobamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekuvaleni igebe kuze kube le mizamo ingafinyelela ekuvuthweni.
Ngokombono wokulawula okuhluke ngokuphelele ukuthi imboni icele lo mthetho. Silwele kanzima ngoba samukela umthwalo wethu wemfanelo wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Saze sasebenza nohulumeni ukuboleka ubuchwepheshe bethu bokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izindlela zokuqalisa ziyasebenza futhi ziyasebenza.
I-CORSIA izophoqeleka kusukela ngonyaka ka-2027. Kakade ohulumeni abasebenza cishe ama-80% ezindiza sebebhalisele isikhathi esedlule sokuzithandela. Futhi sikhuthaza ngenkuthalo ohulumeni abaningi ukuba bajoyine.
Ngokubambisana, siqaphe ngeso lokhozi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqaliswa kuhambisana ngokuphelele nemininingwane okuvunyelwene ngayo ye-ICAO. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi siyazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho ukuthi amazinga womhlaba wonke asebenza kahle kakhulu uma esetshenziswa endaweni yonke nangokufana.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, i-Smarter Regulation ingumqondo ojwayelekile kakhulu kunesayensi ye-rocket. Kunezinselelo nokho. Izinkinga ezintathu ezinkulu esibhekene nazo yilezi:
Ohulumeni beqa izindinganiso zomhlaba
Ohulumeni abangaxoxisani nomkhakha, futhi
Ohulumeni abahambisi ngokushesha okwanele ukuhambisana nentuthuko embonini
Ake ngibonise lokhu ngokulandelana, ngiqale ngezinkinga zokuqaliswa kwendawo yonke.
Slots
Isibonelo sokuqala esiza engqondweni yi-Worldwide Slot Guidelines (WSG). Lolu uhlelo olusungulwe kahle lokwabiwa kwezikhala zezindiza. Inkinga ukuthi abantu abaningi bafuna ukundiza kunezikhumulo zezindiza ezinamandla okuhlala. Isixazululo ukwakha amandla amaningi. Kepha lokho akwenzeki ngokushesha okwanele. Ngakho-ke, sinesistimu evunyelwene nomhlaba wonke yokwaba izikhala ezikhumulweni zezindiza ezinomkhawulo wamandla.
Namuhla i-WSG isetshenziswa ezikhungweni zezindiza ezingaba ngu-200 ezibala u-43% wethrafikhi yomhlaba.
Abanye ohulumeni baye bazama ukuthinta lolu hlelo. Futhi simelane kabi. Kungani? Ngoba ukwaba indawo eTokyo, ngokwesibonelo, akusho lutho uma ingekho indawo ehambelanayo etholakalayo lapho uya khona ngesikhathi esidingekayo. Uhlelo luzosebenza kuphela uma amaqembu ezinhlangothini zombili zomzila esebenzisa imithetho efanayo. Ukucwaninga nganoma yimuphi umhlanganyeli kuyimoshela wonke umuntu!
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlelo, lungahlala luthuthukiswa. Kungakho sisebenza ne-Airports Council International (ACI) kuziphakamiso zokwenza ngcono.
Okuthile okuvelile kulolu hlelo ukuthi ayikho indlela ejwayelekile yezikhumulo zezindiza ukumemezela amandla azo. Futhi sekuya ngokusobala ukuthi ukumenyezelwa okungaphansi kwezikhumulo zezindiza kungumkhawulo wokuzenzela ngomthamo kanye nokukhubazeka ohlelweni okufanele kulungiswe.
Sizenqaba ngokweqile, kepha, iziphakamiso zokudayiswa kwendali. Umgomo obalulekile woMthethonqubo oHlakaniphile ngukuthi udala inani elilinganiswe ngokuhlaziywa kwezindleko. Indali ayakhi amandla amaningi. Kodwa-ke, kungeza izindleko embonini. Futhi, kuzolimaza ukuncintisana njengoba amandla amasha azotholakalela kuphela lezo zindiza ezinamaphakethe ajulile.
Ngazo zonke izindlela, masenze i-WSG isebenze kangcono. Kepha masingayekethisi ivelu etholakala ohlelweni oluthembekile, olusobala, olungathathi hlangothi nolwasemhlabeni jikelele — uhlelo olunikeze ukukhula komkhakha wokuncintisana okunamandla. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ingxoxo yanamhlanje ntambama ngezikhala izokhipha imibono emihle.
Amalungelo Abagibeli
Okulandelayo, ngithanda ukubheka ukubaluleka kokubonisana-omunye umthetho obalulekile weSmartter Regulation. Ngingathanda ukukwenza lokhu ngokwesimo sokuthuthukiswa kwemithetho yamalungelo abagibeli. Sekuyiminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-15 imboni izwakalise ukukhathazeka kwayo nge-European Passenger Rights Regulation — i-EU 261 eyayidume kabi.
Kungumthethonqubo odidayo, ongenamagama amahle ongeza izindleko embonini yaseYurophu. Futhi, ayenzi okusemandleni ayo ekuvikeleni abathengi. Ngisho ne-European Commission iyakubona ukushiyeka kwalo mthetho futhi iphakamise izinguquko ezibalulekile. Kepha laba babanjwe iminyaka eminingi ngenxa yemiphumela yombango waseGibraltar phakathi kwe-UK neSpain.
Kungamampunge ukuthi impikiswano eyaqala ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1700 — ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabili eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba ibhanoyi lezindiza lokuqala lisuke — ibamba izinguquko kumthethonqubo wezindiza. Kepha yiqiniso lelo. Iphuzu okufanele lenziwe lilula. Ukubonisana okwanele kufanele kwenzeke ngaphambi kokuthi umthethonqubo ube ngumthetho ngoba ukulungisa amaphutha kungathatha isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Ake ngicacise. Izindiza ziyaxhasa ukuvikela amalungelo abagibeli bazo. Empeleni, isinqumo se-AGM yethu yowezi-2013 sichaze imigomo yokwenza lokho kanye. Sifuna indlela yokuqonda ejwayelekile efaka ukuxhumana okuhle, ukuphathwa ngenhlonipho nokunxeshezelwa ngokulingana lapho kudingeka.
Isinqumo se-IATA sicatshangelwe ngenkathi ohulumeni bevuma imigomo ye-ICAO ngamalungelo abagibeli. Noma ohulumeni babhalisele lezi zimiso, abaningi bayaphikelela ukuzenzela ngokwabo. Futhi kaningi benza kanjalo besabela emadolweni esenzakalweni.
ICanada iyisibonelo sakamuva. Ukuphendula isigameko sango-2017 wonke umuntu avuma ukuthi sibuhlungu, uhulumeni waseCanada uthathe isinqumo sokusungula umthethosivivinywa wamalungelo abagibeli. Uhulumeni wanxenxa kabanzi ukuthola imibono, eyayiyinhle. Kodwa okwalandela kwaba ukudumala.
Njengoba umthethonqubo osalungiswa ushicilelwe ngomhlaka-22 Disemba — ngaphambi nje kweholide lokuphela konyaka — isifiso sokubonisana okunzima asibonakali.
Umthethonqubo osalungiswa ugxile kakhulu ekujeziseni izindiza kunokuvikela abagibeli.
Lezo zinhlawulo zikhohliwe umgomo wokulingana. Isinxephezelo sokubambezeleka singaba yimali ephindwe kaningi emaphakathi
Futhi ubuhlobo bezindleko / benzuzo buyangabazeka. Izindiza sezivele zikhuthazeke kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi ngesikhathi. Amaphenalthi azongeza izindleko. Kepha leso akusona isixazululo sokwenza ngcono isipiliyoni sabagibeli.
Umthethonqubo Kufanele Uhambisane Nentuthuko Yezimboni
Yize singavumelani nomthethonqubo wokujezisa, kunezimo lapho kudingeka khona umthethonqubo oqinile ukuhambisana nokuthuthuka kwemboni. Ukwenza izimali ngasese esikhumulweni sezindiza kuyisibonelo salokhu.
Ohulumeni abaswele imali sebebheke kakhulu ezinkampanini ezizimele ukusiza ekuthuthukiseni amandla esikhumulo sezindiza. Sikholwa ukuthi amandla abalulekile engqalasizinda njengezikhumulo zezindiza kumele athuthukiswe ngokuhambisana nezidingo zomsebenzisi.
Futhi izidingo zezindiza ezivela ezikhumulweni zezindiza zilula kakhulu:
Sidinga umthamo owanele
Isikhungo kumele sihlangabezane nezimfuneko zezindiza nezobuchwepheshe
Futhi kufanele ibize
Asinandaba ukuthi ngubani ongumnikazi wesikhumulo sezindiza inqobo nje uma ezoletha ngokumelene nalezi zinhloso. Ukuzuza lokhu kuzosiza nomphakathi wasendaweni ngokuxhasa ukukhula kwezimoto nokukhuthaza umnotho.
Kepha ulwazi lwethu ngezikhumulo zezindiza ezizimele lube lusidumaza. Kakhulu, ukuthi izindiza zivumele ngazwi linye ukuvumelana ngesinqumo kwi-AGM yethu yokugcina sinxenxa ohulumeni ukuba benze kangcono.
Amalungu ethu anxuse ohulumeni ukuthi baqaphele ngenkathi:
Ukugxila ezinzuzweni zezomnotho nezenhlalakahle zesikhathi eside zesikhumulo sezindiza esisebenzayo njengengxenye yengqalasizinda ebucayi yezwe
Ukufunda kokuhlangenwe nakho okuhle ngokubambisana, izindlela ezintsha zokuxhasa ngezimali, nangezinye izindlela zokuthinta ukubamba iqhaza komkhakha wangasese
Ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ngobunikazi namamodeli wokusebenza ukuvikela izintshisekelo zabathengi, futhi
Ukukhiya izinzuzo zengqalasizinda yesikhumulo sezindiza ngokuncintisana ngokuqinile.
I-Aeropolitics
Izikhala, amalungelo abagibeli nokwenziwa kwezimakethe zezindiza kusiza ekuboniseni ukuthi kungani indlela yeSmartter Regulation esuselwa emazingeni omhlaba ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwezindiza esikhathini esizayo. Lokho kukhuluma ngengxenye yesizathu sokuthi kungani silapha namuhla. Kuthiwani nge-aeropolitics?
Lapho sibone ukukhululeka ezimakethe, kube nokukhula. Ngokuvamile, izindiza zezindiza zenzelwe inkululeko yezimakethe. Kukhona ukwesekwa okugcwele, ngokwesibonelo, kohlelo lwe-Single African Air Transport Market. Kepha akukho ukuvumelana okubanzi komkhakha mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izimo ezingaphambi kokulungiswa kwenkululeko ebanzi. Ukucatshangelwa kwezentengiselwano zezindiza kubalulekile. Futhi ohulumeni banomsebenzi onzima wokwahlulela ukuthi yini efanelekile.
Kepha ngizobuye ngicabange ngemibono yami yokuvula mayelana nezindiza njengebhizinisi lenkululeko. Lokhu kuza ngaphansi kwengcindezi namuhla yizinhlelo eziningi zezombusazwe. Okunye kwalokhu kucace bha futhi kuhlobene nalesi sifunda:
Ikhono le-Iran lokugcina amazinga okuphepha amukelwa umhlaba wonke noma izixhumanisi zokusekela ezihlakazekile kulo mhlaba wonke ziphonswa inselelo enkulu ngoswinyo lwase-US.
Futhi, ukuntuleka kobudlelwano obunokuthula phakathi kwamazwe esifundeni kuholele ekukhawulweni kokusebenza nokungasebenzi kahle.
Ukuvinjelwa kweQatar yisibonelo esisodwa. Ukundiza ngezindiza kugcina izwe lixhumene nomhlaba — kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu.
Uma ubheka ngaphandle kwesifunda, eYurophu, umphumela wezingxoxo zeBrexit ungalimaza ikhono lezindiza ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezikhulayo zokuxhuma. Ngaphandle kobudlelwano bezepolitiki phakathi kwe-UK ne-Europe sibona isidingo esikhulayo sabantu nabamabhizinisi sokuxhumana phakathi kwalaba bobabili. IBrexit ayinakuvunyelwa ukudicilela phansi leso sidingo.
Ngokuvamile, eminye imibuthano yezepolitiki iyazenqaba izinzuzo zomhlaba wonke. Bavuna ikusasa labavikeli elingaholela ezweni elixhumeke kancane futhi elingachumi kakhulu — kwezomnotho nakwezamasiko.
Kudingeka sisebenzele ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke okubandakanya wonke umuntu. Kodwa kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke sekususe abantu abayinkulungwane ebumpofu. Lokho kwakungeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kwendiza. Futhi sazi kahle ukuthi imboni yethu ineqhaza elibalulekile emigomeni eminingi eyi-17 ye-UN Yentuthuko Esimeme.
IATA yinhlangano yebahwebi. Inhloso yethu eyinhloko ukusiza izindiza zethu ezingamalungu ukuletha ukuxhumana ngokuphepha, kahle, nangokusimama. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kuhle ngekusasa lomhlaba wethu.
I-IATA ayinanhloso yezepolitiki futhi ayithathi hlangothi ezingxabanweni zezepolitiki. Kepha siyazi ukuthi ukundiza ngezindiza kungaletha izinzuzo zako kuphela ngemingcele evuleleke kubantu nasekuhwebeni. Futhi-ke, kulezi zikhathi eziyinselele, sonke kufanele sivikele ngokuqinile iBhizinisi Lenkululeko.
Ngiyabonga.
