Umuthi Wokugoma, Ezokuvakasha, Ezombusazwe: Umbono Ongokoqobo nguNgqongqoshe, Onamandla Namaqhawe

Lapho izivunguvungu zicekela phansi amazwe aseCaribbean ngo-2017 lo ngqongqoshe wezokuvakasha waba matasa ematasa enciphisa umonakalo. Lapho kuhlasela iziphepho futhi kulo ngqongqoshe ofanayo wacela umhlaba wezokuvakasha ukuba usukume futhi ubhekane nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenselelo ndawonye.

Isimemezelo saseMontego Bay sisayinwe ngo- UNWTO Ingqungquthela ngo-2018 icele ukuthi kusungulwe inhlangano ezobhekana nokuphazamiseka kwezokuvakasha. 

Ngosizo lwabafundi ababambe iqhaza namakhono eNyuvesi yaseWest Indies eJamaica, uMhlonishwa. Ezokuvakasha zaseJamaica, u-Edmund Bartlett umemezele ukwakhiwa kuka-G wokuqalai-lobal Tourism Resilience and Crisis Management Centre. Ngemuva kweminyaka kwasungulwa izikhungo eMalta, eKenya, eNepal, eJapan nakwamanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele.

Umhlaba wawungazi lutho ngeCoronavirus ngaleso sikhathi, kepha lo ngqongqoshe wayesevele ehlanganise umhlaba futhi uhulumeni wakhe omncane wayikhokhela.

Ukuqubuka kweCoronavirus ngo-2020 kwaba yisiphazamiso esikhulu eJamaica. Esikhundleni sokunikela, lo ngqongqoshe welule isandla kwabangcono kwezokuphepha nokuvikeleka kwezokuvakasha. Akagcinanga ngokusiza isithombe sezwe lakhe, kepha ukwazile ukugcina ezokuvakasha zisebenza ezikhathini ezingenakwenzeka.

UMnu. Bartlett waklonyeliswa nge IQhawe Lezokuvakasha isihloko ngu World Tourism Network fnoma umnikelo wakhe ezweni lakhe nasemhlabeni.

IJamaica njenganoma iyiphi enye i-republic yesiqhingi incike kakhulu emalini engenayo eyenziwe imboni yezokuvakasha nezokuvakasha. Njengoba ekholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi izindaba zendawo zixazululwe kangcono ngokwenziwa umhlaba wonke, uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvakasha waseJamaicas u-Edmund Bartlett ubonakala yonke indawo njengomholi womhlaba wonke kanye nomuntu oqinisa ezokuvakasha.

Esebenza ngokuzikhandla ukunciphisa ukuhlupheka kwezwe lezokuvakasha nezokuvakasha ngenxa ye-COVID-19, uNgqongqoshe uBartlett ubelokhu ewafuna ngaphandle kwamathuba. Akagcinanga nje ngokukwazi ukusungula izimakethe ezintsha ngokusungula izindiza ezisuka eJamaica ziya eNigeria, kodwa ithemba lakhe ngezokuvakasha lisekuthuthukisweni komgomo. Okuwukuphela kokwehla ukusabalalisa kancane

Namuhla uMhlonishwa. UNgqongqoshe uBartlett uzokhuluma ngezepolitiki zomuthi wokugoma, izinto eziseqhulwini emhlabeni jikelele kanye namaqiniso ezindawo okuhanjwa kuzo egameni lesikhungo. Ingxoxo nochwepheshe bamazwe iphethwe nguSolwazi Lloyd Waller, onguSihlalo weGlobal Tourism and Resilience Management, ezinze eJamaica.

Nakhu okwenziwe nguNgqongqoshe uBartlett:

• Njengoba umnotho womhlaba uqhubeka nokuncipha emonakalweni wesifo senoveli se-coronavirus, ukugxila ku-2021 kugudluke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi kuthunyelwa ngokushesha umuthi wokugoma ezindaweni ezihlaselwe kakhulu emhlabeni, okubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqoba impi yomhlaba wonke ngokumelene ne-COVID-19 kanye nokubuyisela umnotho womhlaba esimeni esithile sokwejwayelekile ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. 
• Kuze kube manje, kuyisibonakaliso sethemba elikhulu lokuthi cishe imithamo yemithi yokugoma engaba yizigidi ezingama-206 seyivele ifakiwe emazweni angama-92 emhlabeni jikelele, okuhumusha cishe imithamo eyizigidi ezingama-6.53 nsuku zonke. 
• Njengoba kwenziwa imishanguzo eminingi yokugoma nokuhlolwa nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi emnothweni osezingeni eliphezulu, imishanguzo eminingi ikhanyiselwe i-World Health Organisation ngokusetshenziswa nokusatshalaliswa kabanzi ngemuva kokubonisa ukusebenza kahle okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ekufinyeleleni nge-inoculation emelene ne-COVID-19, imvamisa ngemuva kwemibili noma amanani amaningi.
• Umuthi wokugoma wePfizer-BioNTech manje ususetshenzisiwe ukuze usetshenziswe eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu kanye naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, futhi imikhankaso yokugoma isiqalile okungenani emazweni angama-92. Abakhiqizi beCovishield, uhlobo olukhiqizwe eNdiya lomuthi wokugoma i-AstraZeneca, sebesabalalise amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamabhodlela emazweni aseCaribbean naseLatin America, kubandakanya iDominica, iBarbados, iDominican Republic, iTrinidad & Tobago, i-Argentina ne-Ecuador.
• ISerum Institute of India, engomunye wabenzi bokugoma abakhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni, ithembise ukukhiqiza imithamo eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.1 yomuthi wokugoma i-AstraZeneca. I-WHO isanda kuqinisekisa ukuthi amazwe angama-36 eLatin America naseCaribbean azothola izigidi ezingama-35.3 esigabeni sokuqala sokuthunyelwa. I-China neRussia nabo bathengisa futhi basabalalisa imishanguzo yabo ye-COVID-19 eLatin America.
• Ngenkathi ngamukela le ntshisekelo eqinile yomhlaba wonke nentshiseko ezungeze imizamo yokugoma i-COVID-19, kunokuningi okukhathazayo. Eyokuqala, ngesilinganiso samanje sokugoma nsuku zonke emhlabeni, cishe imithamo eyizigidi ezingama-6.53, kuzothatha cishe iminyaka emi-5 ukumboza ama-75% wabantu ngomuthi wokugoma wemithamo emibili ngokusho kocwaningo lweBloomberg. Leli zinga lamanje lokubulala kufanele lisheshe kakhulu njengoba imizamo yokuvuselela umnotho womhlaba ingakwazi ukulinda iminyaka emihlanu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezomnotho ezithinteke kakhulu. 
• Okwesibili, kukhona umehluko omkhulu ekusatshalalisweni kwemigomo emhlabeni jikelele. Isithombe esivelayo ngukuthi amazwe athuthukile abukeka enqaba kakhulu indlela ebumbene evuna ukuqinisa ukungalingani ngesisekelo sobuzwe bakazwelonke. I-WHO ngenxa yalokho ixwayise ngokuthi umhlaba ususenqenqemeni “lokwehluleka kokuziphatha okuhle” njengoba amazwe ampofu ebeka engcupheni yokusilela emuva ngenxa yokuthi ukukhishwa kwemithi yokugoma emnothweni osezingeni eliphakeme kudlula kakhulu labo abasemazweni asafufusa nasathuthukayo - ngisho nasemazweni amazinga okufa afanayo.
• Ngempela, ngenkathi i-US kanye namanye amazwe acebile eseqalile ukugoma kakhulu izakhamizi zabo kwi-COVID-19, amazwe asathuthuka, ikhaya lezigidigidi zabantu, abakakatholi ngisho nemithi yokugoma. Eqinisweni, cishe amazwe angama-130 ayengakahambisi umthamo owodwa wokugoma kubantu bawo abahlanganisiwe babantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezi-2.5, kusukela ngesonto eledlule. Ukusatshalaliswa kwemithi yokugoma okungalingani futhi kusho ingozi enkulu yokuguquka kwezakhi eziphikisa imigomo ekhona.
• Ngabe yini imiphumela yalezi zinguquko kwezomnotho oncike kwezokuvakasha umuntu angazibuza zona? Yebo, imiphumela icacile. Njengoba kunamacala angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-45 aqinisekisiwe nokufa okungaphezu kwesigidi esisodwa, amazwe nezindawo kulo lonke elaseMelika, ikakhulukazi abampofu kakhulu phakathi kwabo, babhekene nenkinga engakaze ibonwe kwezempilo, ezomnotho nezenhlalo.
• Iminotho ethembele kwezokuvakasha ilahlekelwe yi-12% ye-GDP yayo uma iqhathaniswa nesivumelwano somnotho womhlaba esingu-4.4%. Imali engeniswa emazweni angaphandle kwezokuvakasha yehle emhlabeni jikelele phakathi kwe-US $ 910 billion kuya ku-US $ 1.2 trillion ngo-2020. Phakathi kwemisebenzi eyizigidi eziyi-100-120 kwezokuvakasha kanye nezokuvakasha yanikelwa ngo-2020.
• Ukuhlala kwamahhotela ezindaweni ezifika eCaribbean kube nesilinganiso esiphakathi kuka-10 kuya ku-30% ngonyaka wezi-2020. Izivakashi ebezifikile beziphansi ngama-40 kuye kuma-60% ngonyaka wezi-2020. Amahhotela amaningi nezindawo zokuheha izivakashi zisengozini yokungena ekunciphiseni izikweletu nasekutholakaleni.
• Ezokuvakasha ziyinjini yokukhula eCaribbean kanye nokuphazamiseka kwayo isikhathi eside kusho inhlekelele. Umnotho wethu wopha kakhulu futhi udinga ukuphonswa ngentambo. Isimo esikhona manje esibhekene nale mnotho, kanye nezinye ezifundeni ezisathuthuka zomhlaba, singachazwa njengenkinga yokusiza abantu. 
• Isixazululo sicacile: ukufinyelela kokugoma phakathi kwala mazwe kudinga ukwenziwa ngcono ngokushesha. Angeke sikwazi ukufaka ezombusazwe izimpendulo kule nkinga esesinayo. Ngalokho ngisebenzisa leli thuba ukubeka phambili iminotho ethembele kwezokuvakasha ukuze igonywe.
• Kubalulekile ukuthi lo mkhakha usinde phakathi nangaphandle kwenhlekelele yamanje ukuze uqhubeke nokufeza indima yawo ebalulekile njengomgogodla obalulekile wokuvuselelwa nokukhula komnotho emhlabeni. 
• Akungabazeki ukuthi ukwehla kwesikhathi eside komnotho kanye nokubuyiselwa esimeni esibucayi komkhakha kuzokhombisa ubunzima obukhulu bezomnotho kanye nokulahlekelwa okungenzeka kwezigidigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele.