Kusuka ezinambuzaneni kuya emikhomoni ye-beluga, ukufudumala kolwandle kuthinta izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane futhi imiphumela yako iyanda nge-ecosystem, njengoba kushiwo embikweni omusha we-IUCN. Lapha, sibheka izinselele eziwumphumela - nokuthi i-IUCN World Conservation Congress eqhubekayo ibhekana kanjani nazo.
Kuze kube manje, izilwandle zisivikele emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ngokumunca ukushisa okuningi okubangelwa ukukhuphuka kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, futhi kubambe cishe ingxenye yesine yesikhutha esikhishwe. Ukufudumala kolwandle nokufakwa kwe-asidi okuwumphumela kwenezela kwezinye izingcindezi zokuphila zasolwandle, njengokungcoliswa komhlaba nokudoba ngokweqile, futhi inani labantu bezinhlobo eziningi liyancipha noma liyashintsha ngenxa yokusabela.
Izinhlobo ezihambayo
Amaphethini okusabalalisa ezinhlobo ezifana ne-pelagic tuna, i-Atlantic herring ne-mackerel, nama-sprats nama-anchovies aseYurophu ayashintsha kancane kancane ekuphenduleni ekushintsheni kwamazinga okushisa olwandle. Ezinye izinhlanzi zihamba amashumi kuya emakhulwini amakhilomitha eshumini ngalinye.
Kodwa akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezikwazi ukubhekana nazo.
Emashumini amathathu eminyaka adlule, njengoba iplanethi iye yafudumala, imvamisa yokufiphala kwamakhorali ikhuphuke ngokuphindwe kathathu. ENtshonalanga ye-Australia, izindawo ezibanzi zehlathi le-kelp zaqedwa ngesikhathi sokushisa olwandle. E-Southern Ocean, ukufudumala okuqhubekayo kuye kwahlotshaniswa nokwehla kwe-krill, nenani lezinyoni zasolwandle eziningi nezinja zasolwandle nazo ziyancipha.
Ukufudumala kolwandle kubangela uchungechunge lwemithelela exhumene nomphakathi wesintu. Imiphakathi ethembele olwandle ukuze iziphilise nsuku zonke - ngokujwayelekile amazwe asogwini olumpofu kakhulu - kungenzeka ilahlekelwe kakhulu. Imboni yokudoba olwandle, ezokuvakasha, ukufuywa kwezilwane zasemanzini, ukulawulwa kwezinhlekelele zasogwini kanye nokuvikeleka kokudla konke kusongelwa ukufudumala kolwandle okuhlangene nokudoba ngokweqile kanye nokwanda kwabantu.
Izilwandle ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo
Umbiko uncoma uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokubhekana nale mithelela, okuhlanganisa ukunqanda ukukhishwa kwe-CO2, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zasolwandle ezivikelekile, nokuvikela ulwandle oluphakeme kanye nolwandle ngaphansi koMthetho Wolwandle kanye nokwandisa Ingqungquthela Yamagugu Yomhlaba.
Abahlanganyeli eNgqungqutheleni Yomhlaba Yezokongiwa kwe-IUCN eqhubekayo e-Honolulu, e-Hawai'i, basebenzela ukubhekana nezinye zalezi zinselele.
Kuleli sonto, amakhulu ezithunywa azovotela isiphakamiso sokwandisa indawo evikelekile yasolwandle ukuze ukongiwe ngempumelelo kwezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane zasolwandle. Buduze nalapho behlanganela khona, iPapahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument ngasogwini lwase-Hawaii, indawo ye-UNESCO yamagugu omhlaba, yanwetshwa ngesonto eledlule ukuze kwakhiwe indawo yokulondoloza olwandle enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
"Ngiyethemba kakhulu i-Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument ngeke igcine igama isikhathi eside, ukuthi omunye umuntu uzoqhubekela phambili futhi avikele nakakhulu" - UNobhala Wezangaphakathi WaseMelika uSally Jewell, ekhuluma ngesikhathi kuvulwa I-IUCN Congress.
Esinye isiphakamiso esizovotelwa kuKhongolose ye-IUCN simayelana nokuthuthuka kwezokulondolozwa nokusetshenziswa okusimeme kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo olwandle, okuhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezilwandle zomhlaba.
Isiphakamiso sokuzuza izinhlelo ezimele izindawo ezivikelwe e-Antarctica nase-Southern Ocean nazo sizovotelwa.
UKhongolose kulindeleke ukuthi futhi uthathe isinqumo ngeziphakamiso eziphathelene nezindlela zesifunda zokubhekana nenkinga yomhlaba wonke kadoti wasolwandle, kanye nokuvikelwa kwezindawo ezihlala olwandle nezisogwini emfucumfucwini yezimayini. Ngokubona iqhaza elibalulekile elidlalwa ulwandle ekuguquguqukeni kwesimo sezulu, omunye umnyakazo uphakamisa ukuthi kubhekwe kabanzi mayelana nolwandle embusweni wesimo sezulu.
LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:
- Umbiko uncoma uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokubhekana nale mithelela, okuhlanganisa ukunqanda ukukhishwa kwe-CO2, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zasolwandle ezivikelekile, nokuvikela ulwandle oluphakeme kanye nolwandle ngaphansi koMthetho Wolwandle kanye nokwandisa Ingqungquthela Yamagugu Yomhlaba.
- The resulting ocean warming and acidification have added to other pressures on marine life, such as pollution and over-fishing, and the populations of many species are shrinking or shifting in response.
- The Congress is also expected to decide on motions dealing with regional approaches to tackling the global problem of marine litter, and on the protection of marine and coastal habitats from mining waste.
