I-KOMODO ISLAND, E-Indonesia - Amadragoni e-Komodo anamazinyo anjengoshaka kanye nobuthi obunobuthi obungabulala umuntu phakathi namahora ambalwa elunyiwe. Nokho izakhamuzi ezihlale izizukulwane ngezizukulwane eduze nesibankwa esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni zazingesabi - kwaze kwaba yilapho amadragoni eqala ukuhlasela.
Lezi zindaba zasakazeka ngokushesha kulokhu kubhidliza iziqhingi ezishisayo eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Indonesia, okuwukuphela kwendawo izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezisengozini ezingase zitholakale khona endle: Abantu ababili babulawa kusukela ngo-2007 - umfana omncane nomdobi - kanti abanye balimala kabi ngemuva kokubekwa icala. engacasukile.
Ukuhlasela kukadrako we-Komodo kuseyivelakancane, ochwepheshe bayaphawula. Kodwa ukwesaba kugcwele ezindaweni ezidobayo, kanye nemibuzo yokuthi ungaphila kanjani kangcono namadragoni esikhathini esizayo.
UMain, unogada wepaki, 46, wayebhala amaphepha ngesikhathi udrako eshibilika ekhuphuka izitebhisi zendlu yakhe yamapulangwe e-Komodo National Park futhi eyofuna amaqakala akhe elenga ngaphansi kwedeski. Lapho unogada ezama ukuvula imihlathi enamandla yesilo, savalelisa amazinyo aso esandleni.
“Ngangicabanga ukuthi ngeke ngiphile… ngichithe ingxenye yempilo yami ngisebenza neKomodos futhi angikaze ngikubone okufana nalokhu,” kusho uMain, ekhomba amanxeba akhe aminyene, athungwe ngemithungo engama-55 futhi esavuvukale ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu. “Ngenhlanhla, abangani bami bezwa ukukhala kwami bangiphuthumisa esibhedlela kusenesikhathi.”
Ama-Komodo, adumile kuma-zoo e-United States kuya eYurophu, akhula abe amafidi angu-10 (3 amamitha) ubude namakhilogremu angu-150 (amakhilogremu angu-70). Zonke ezilinganiselwa ku-2,500 ezisele endle zingatholakala phakathi kwe-700-square-mile (1,810-square-kilometer) i-Komodo National Park, ikakhulukazi eziqhingini zayo ezimbili ezinkulu, i-Komodo ne-Rinca. Izibankwa endaweni engumakhelwane iPadar zaqedwa ngeminyaka yawo-1980 lapho abazingeli bebulala inyamazane yabo eyinhloko, izinyamazane.
Yize ukuzingela ngokungemthetho kungekho emthethweni, ubukhulu bepaki - kanye nokushoda kwabagibeli - kwenza kube nzima ukugada, kusho uHeru Rudiharto, isazi sezinto eziphilayo kanye nochwepheshe bezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Abantu bakule ndawo bathi ama-dragons alambile futhi anolaka kubantu ngenxa yokuthi ukudla kwabo kuzingelwa ngokungemthetho, nakuba izikhulu zalesi siqiwu zingavumelani.
Izibankwa ezinkulu bezilokhu ziyingozi, kusho uRudiharto. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingase zibonakale kanjani, zihlezi ngaphansi kwezihlahla futhi zigqolozele olwandle ezigwini olunesihlabathi esimhlophe, ziyashesha, zinamandla futhi ziyabulala.
Lezi zilwane kukholakala ukuthi zavela esibankwa esikhudlwana esiqhingini esikhulu sase-Indonesia i-Java noma e-Australia eminyakeni engu-30,000 18 edlule. Zingafinyelela isivinini esingamamayela angu-30 (cishe amakhilomitha angu-XNUMX) ngehora, imilenze yazo izungeza emahlombe azo aphansi, ayisikwele njengama-egg beaters.
Lapho zibamba inyamazane yazo, zenza isihlava sokuluma esikhipha ubuthi, ngokocwaningo olusha lwale nyanga ephephabhukwini i-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Ababhali, abasebenzisa izindlala ezikhishwe ngokuhlinzwa kudrako ogulela ukufa e-Singapore Zoo, bayichithile inkolelo-mbono yokuthi inyamazane ibulawa ubuthi obubangelwa amagciwane anobuthi emlonyeni wesibankwa.
“Amazinyo amade aluhlaza yizona zikhali eziyinhloko. Baletha la manxeba ajulile, ajulile,” kusho uBryan Fry waseNyuvesi yaseMelbourne. Kodwa ubuthi bugcina sopha futhi buyehlisa nomfutho wegazi, ngaleyo ndlela silethe isilwane eduze nokuquleka.
Sekubulawe abantu abane kule minyaka engu-35 edlule (2009, 2007, 2000 and 1974) futhi kwalimala okungenani abayisishiyagalombili esikhathini esingaphezudlwana nje kweshumi leminyaka. Kepha izikhulu zepaki zithi lezi zinombolo azishaqisi ngokweqile uma kubhekwa ukugcwala kwezivakashi kanye nabantu abangu-4,000 abahlala phakathi kwabo.
"Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kuhlaselwa, uthola ukunakwa okukhulu," kusho uRudiharto. "Kodwa lokho kungenxa yokuthi lesi sibankwa asijwayelekile, sinomlando futhi asitholakali ndawo ngaphandle kwalapha."
Noma kunjalo, ukuhlasela kwakamuva bekungeke kufike ngesikhathi esibi kakhulu.
Uhulumeni ukhankasa kanzima ukufaka leli paki ohlwini olusha lweZimangaliso Eziyisikhombisa Zemvelo - isibhamu eside, kodwa umzamo wokuqwashisa okungenani. Amagquma nama-savannah aleli paki kuyikhaya lezinyoni ezikhukhula ezinezinyawo eziwolintshi, izingulube zasendle namahhashi amancane asendle, kanye nezixhobo zamakhorali ezizungezile namatheku anezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zemikhomo, amahlengethwa nezimfudu zasolwandle.
UClaudio Ciofi, osebenza ku-Department of Animal Biology and Genetics e-University of Florence e-Italy, uthe uma amakomodo elambile, angase akhangwe emadolobheni ngenxa yephunga lezinhlanzi ezomisiwe nokupheka, futhi “ukuhlangana kungase kuvame kakhulu. ”
Abantu basemakhaya bafisa sengathi bayazi impendulo.
Bathi bebehlezi ngokuthula namaKomodos. Inganekwane yendabuko ethandwayo ilandisa ngendoda eyake yashada “inkosazana” kadrako. Amawele abo, umfana ongumuntu, uGerong, nentombazane eyisibankwa, u-Orah, bahlukaniswa ngesikhathi bezalwa.
Lapho uGerong ekhula, indaba ihamba, wahlangana nesilo esibukeka sinolaka ehlathini. Kodwa wathi esezowuhlaba kwaqhamuka unina eveza ukuthi laba bobabili umfowabo nodadewabo.
"Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi ama-dragons abe nolaka kangaka?" U-Hajj Amin, 51, edonsa kanzima isikhathi eside esusa ugwayi wakhe, njengoba abanye abadala bedolobhana ababebuthene ngaphansi kwendlu yamapulangwe bevuma ngekhanda. Amadragoni amaningana ayesala eduze, edonswa iphunga elibi lezinhlanzi ezomile kumata oqalo ngaphansi kwelanga elishisayo. Bekudlula nezimbuzi nezinkukhu eziningi.
“Bebengakaze basihlasele uma sihamba sodwa ehlathini, noma bahlasele izingane zethu,” kusho u-Amin. “Sikhathazeke kakhulu ngalokhu.”
Amadragoni adla amaphesenti angu-80 esisindo sawo bese ehlala ngaphandle kokudla amasonto ambalwa. U-Amin nabanye bathi amadragoni alambile ngokwengxenye ngenxa yenqubomgomo ka-1994 evimbela izakhamuzi ukuba ziwafunze.
“Sasibanika amathambo nesikhumba sezinyamazane,” kusho umdobi.
Muva nje abantu basemaphandleni bafuna imvume yokuphakela ama-Komodos izingulube zasendle izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, kodwa izikhulu zalesi siqiwu zithi lokho ngeke kwenzeke.
“Uma sivumela abantu ukuba baziphakele, bazovele bavilaphe balahlekelwe amandla abo okuzingela,” kusho uJeri Imansyah, omunye uchwepheshe wezilwane ezihuquzelayo. “Ngelinye ilanga lokho kuzobabulala. ”
Ukuhlasela okuqale ukuqwashisa abantu bakule ndawo kwenzeka eminyakeni emibili edlule, lapho uMansyur oneminyaka engu-8 ubudala egencwa waze wafa ngesikhathi ezikhulula ehlathini elingemva kwendlu yakhe yokhuni.
Abantu selokhu bacela ukuthi kwakhiwe udonga lukakhonkolo olungamamitha angu-6 ukuphakama (2-metres) oluzungeze amadolobhana abo, kodwa lowo mbono, nawo, unqatshiwe. Inhloko yalesi siqiwu, uTamen Sitorus, uthe: “Kuyisimangaliso lesi. Awukwazi ukwakha uthango olunjalo ngaphakathi kwepaki yesizwe!”
Izakhamuzi zenze umgoqo wesikhashana ngezihlahla namagatsha aphukile, kodwa zikhala ngokuthi kulula kakhulu ukuthi izilwane zingene.
“Sesaba kakhulu manje,” kusho uRiswan oneminyaka engu-11 ubudala, ekhumbula indlela abafundi abaklabalasa ngayo emasontweni ambalwa edlule lapho bebona esinye sezibankwa ezinkulu endaweni enothuli ngemva kwesikole sabo. “Besicabanga ukuthi kuzongena ekilasini lethu. Ekugcineni sakwazi ukuyijaha sakhuphukela egqumeni ngokujikijela amatshe futhi simemeza sithi 'Hooh Hoohh.'”
Khona-ke, ezinyangeni ezimbili nje ezedlule, umdobi oneminyaka engu-31 ubudala u-Muhamad Anwar wabulawa lapho enyathela isibankwa otshanini lapho eya ensimini ukuyokha isithelo esihlahleni sikashukela.
Ngisho nabasesiqiwini banovalo.
Sezadlula izinsuku zokuzulazula nezibankwa, zihlohla imisila, zigona emhlane zigijima phambi kwazo, zenza sengathi ziyaxoshwa, kusho uMuhamad Saleh, osebenze nezilwane kusukela ngo-1987.
“Akusenani,” usho kanje, ephatha induku engamamitha angu-6 ubude (amamitha amabili) nomaphi lapho eya khona ukuze avikeleke. Khona-ke, iphinda umugqa odumile wembongi edumile yase-Indonesia, iyanezela: “Ngifuna ukuphila enye inkulungwane yeminyaka.”
