(eTN) – I-UN World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) usethembise ukuxhasa ngezimali iphrojekthi enkulu ka-2011 yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokuhlanganisa ukuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo nezokuvakasha, okungenye yezixhumanisi ezibalulekile ezingekho enkingeni yezokuvakasha kanye nokulawulwa kokululama. Nakuba kukhona ukuxhumana okungakahleleki phakathi kwemboni yezokuvakasha kanye neziphathimandla zokuphatha izimo eziphuthumayo, kuncane kakhulu mayelana nobudlelwano obusemthethweni ngaphandle kwezinkampani zezindiza nezikhumulo zezindiza.
Izikhumulo zezindiza eziningi emhlabeni, futhi ikakhulukazi izikhumulo zezindiza ezingenela amazwe ngamazwe, zifaka izixhumanisi eziqinile phakathi kwezinkampani zezindiza, iziphathimandla zesikhumulo sezindiza, nezinhlangano zokuphatha izimo eziphuthumayo njengamasosha , i-ambulensi, izicishamlilo, amasiko, ukuvikela imingcele, kanye nezinsizakalo zamaphoyisa. Ukuqubuka kwe-SARS ngo-2003 kanye nesigameko sakamuva se-H1N1 ngo-2009-10 kwaholela ekuhlolweni kwezinqubo zokwethulwa ezikhumulweni zezindiza ezinkulu ezinkulu emhlabeni wonke.
Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwale mikhakha yemboni yezokuvakasha kanye nokuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo akuzange kufane nakweminye imikhakha yemboni yezokuvakasha. Izinga lakamuva lokuhlasela kwamaphekula kumahhotela e-Pakistan, Indonesia, nase-India akubanga nomthelela ekusungulweni kwendlela edidiyelwe phakathi kwamaketanga amahhotela kanye nezikhungo ezilawula izimo eziphuthumayo eziye zasabela empendulweni yazo esikhundleni sokuthatha isinyathelo.
Izingozi ezinkulu kwezokuvakasha onyakeni odlule zivela ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo kunokuba zenze izinhlekelele. Ama-tsunami, iziphepho, iziphepho zeqhwa, ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, ukuzamazama komhlaba, nezikhukhula konke kube nomthelela engqalasizinda yezokuvakasha kanye nokuhamba nokuphepha kwezokuvakasha. Isikhathi samaholidi asekhaya e-Queensland Australia siphazamiseke kakhulu izikhukhula, ezihlanganisa indawo elingana neFrance neJalimane. Ukulawulwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo kanye nokuhlelwa kwezinhlekelele kudinga ukubhekana nendaba yezindawo eziphephile zengqalasizinda yezokuvakasha. Ingabe kunengqondo ngempela ukuthola indawo yokungcebeleka emanzini noma ngisho naphezu kwamanzi ezindaweni ezingaba sengozini yama-tsunami nolwandle? Ukuba nombono wolwandle kuhle, kodwa ukugwinywa ulwandle akukwenzi ube nesipiliyoni esifanelekile sokuvakasha. I-Indian Ocean Tsunami yango-2004, i-tsunami yase-Samoa yango-2009, kanye nama-tsunami ango-2010 eSumatra naseChile afanekisa leli phuzu. Nokho ngemva kwesiphepho noma i-tsunami, izindawo eziningi zokungcebeleka, ezicekeleke phansi, zakhiwe kabusha ezindaweni ezifanayo ncamashi ezisengozini. Imithetho yokuhlela ephumelelayo ingavimbela lolu hlobo lokuhaha noma ubuhlanya obuqhutshwa yimakethe.
Ukuqhuma kwentabamlilo i-Eyjafjallajokull e-Iceland ngo-2010 ngokungangabazeki kwaba isehlakalo esiphazamisa kakhulu ezokuvakasha emhlabeni wonke ngo-2010. Ukuvalwa isikhathi eside kwezindiza eziningi kanye nendawo yezindiza yamazwe amaningana ase-Europe kuphazamise ukunyakaza kwezokuvakasha emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba imboni yezindiza ibinohlelo lwezimo eziphuthumayo lomcimbi walolu hlobo, ingxenye esele yomkhakha wezokuvakasha yayididekile futhi yaba nokuvilapha ekuphenduleni. Kwakungekho ukuxhumana nezinhlaka zokuphatha izimo eziphuthumayo ukuze kusungulwe izindawo zokulala eziphuthumayo nezokuthutha kwabahambi abavaleleke. Abahambi abaningi abathintwe ukuqhuma babengenawo nhlobo usizo lokuthola umshwalense kanye nesinxephezelo sezimali.
Ukungaboni ngaso linye phakathi kokuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo nezokuvakasha kwalethwa ekhaya kimi lapho ngiya engqungqutheleni eyayihlelwe yi-Australian Emergency Management Institute ngoDisemba 2010. Le nhlangano echwepheshile ihlanganisa inqubomgomo yokuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo e-Australia futhi iqeqeshe ochwepheshe bokuphatha izimo eziphuthumayo emhlabeni wonke. Njengamanje idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni inkinga yezikhukhula eQueensland. Engqungqutheleni ngethula iphepha, elalikhuluma ngokudidiyelwa kwezokuvakasha kanye nokuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo, futhi njengoba abaningi bezithunywa (phakathi kwabo okwakukhona kuzo iziphathimandla ezihlonishwayo emhlabeni wonke kwezokuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo) bavuma, kwakuwukuxhumana okwakungakaze kwenzeke kubo. Ngobulungiswa kuwukuxhumana, kuze kube muva nje, bekungakaze kwenzeke kochwepheshe abaningi abahamba phambili embonini yezokuvakasha, yingakho UNWTO idinga ukutuswa okukhulu ngokubhekana nayo.
Elinye lamaphuzu engangifuna ukuwakhuluma engqungqutheleni ukuthi ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwezinhlaka zokuphatha izimo eziphuthumayo kanye nezokuvakasha kuhilela ukuhlomula okufanayo. Ingqalasizinda yezokuvakasha inamandla okunikeza izivakashi nezakhamuzi zendawo indawo yokuhlala ephuthumayo kanye nezokuthutha lapho kwenzeka inhlekelele. Abahlinzeki bezindawo zokuhlala kanye nabaqhubi bezokuvakasha banamandla okuhlonza izisulu kanye nabasindile ababhaliswe nabo uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindawo ezinezivakashi eziningi zidinga ukuqinisekiswa ukuthi zinezikhungo zezokwelapha ezanele, izinsiza zamaphoyisa, kanye nokufinyelela ezinsizeni eziphuthumayo ukuze zibhekelele izakhamuzi zendawo, kanye nenani lezivakashi ezidlulayo.
Kunemiphumela yamazwe ngamazwe ehambisana nokuhlanganiswa okunjalo. Izenzo zobugebengu noma zobuphekula ezibhekiswe kubavakashi, izinkinga zempilo ezingahloliwe, kanye nezimpendulo ezinganele ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo zingalimaza kakhulu isithunzi sezindawo zokuvakasha ezimakethe ezibalulekile. Izihloko eziningi ku eTurboNews bakhombise umonakalo odalwe ezindaweni okuyiwa kuzo, okuwumphumela wokungavikeleki okwanele kanye nezinyathelo zokuvikela ezinikezwa izivakashi. Nakuba ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwezokuvakasha nokuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo kukodwa nje kuzovimbela izivakashi ukuba zingene enkingeni, kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukulawulwa kwezinhlekelele embonini yezokuvakasha.
Umbhali, uDavid Beirman, unguMfundisi Omkhulu kwezokuvakasha e-University of Technology, eSydney.
LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:
- At the conference, I presented a paper, which dealt with the integration of tourism and emergency management, and as many of the delegates (among them world respected authorities in emergency management) admitted, it was a linkage that had never occurred to them.
- I-UN World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) has undertaken to fund a major project for 2011 to develop a program to integrate emergency management and tourism, one of the key missing links in tourism crisis and recovery management.
- In fairness it is a linkage, which until recently, had never occurred to many leading professionals in the tourism industry, which is why the UNWTO idinga ukutuswa okukhulu ngokubhekana nayo.
