Namuhla usuku okufanele uvakashele ngalo iSan Marino: Umkhosi weSan Marino

Isikhathi esihle sokuvakashela iSan Marino namuhla. NgoSepthemba 3 unyaka ngamunye, abantu baleli zwe elincane laseYurophu bagubha ukusungulwa kwe San Marino IRiphabhulikhi emakhulwini eminyaka edlule. Kunemisebenzi eminingi ongayithola futhi ufakaze ngalolu suku, okuhlanganisa imicimbi ye-crossbow, imiqhudelwano yokuphephezelisa ifulegi, kanye nekhonsathi enhle yamasosha.

Izivakashi eziya eSan Marino zingathenga i-visa ye-EURO 5,00, kodwa yenza isitembu esihle kuphela kupasipoti yakho, futhi azikho izidingo zomthetho. I-San Marino inomqondo ofanayo nowe-Seychelles ngomlayezo oya kubavakashi: "Singabangane nabo bonke futhi singabangane namunye." I-San Marino iyipharadesi lalabo abaqoqa izitembu.

UNobhala Wezwe LaseMelika namuhla ukhiphe imikhonzo elandelayo kubantu baseSan Marino: Egameni labantu baseMelika kanye nohulumeni wase-United States of America, ngicela wamukele izilokotho zami ezinhle kubantu baseSan Marino njengoba nigubha uMkhosi I-San Marino kanye nokusungulwa kweriphabhulikhi yakho enkulu. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, iSan Marino imi njengesibonelo somoya wokuzimela. Siyakubona ukubaluleka komlando kwe-San Marino njengeriphabhulikhi endala emhlabeni futhi siyakuhlonipha ukuzinikela kwakho kuntando yeningi nokuzibusa. I-United States ibheka i-San Marino njengozakwabo nomngane oqinile, futhi sibheke ngabomvu ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisana kwethu.

Usuku lwesithathu lukaSepthemba wusuku lomkhosi kaSt Marinus, oNgcwele owasungula iRiphabhulikhi yaseSan Marino. 

Ngemva kweMisa Elingcwele eligujwa e- I-St. Marinus Basilica, izinsalela zongcwele zithwalwa ngodwendwe emigwaqweni yedolobha. Ntambama, ngemva kokuphela kwemikhosi yenkolo, imikhosi ithatha imvelo ethandwa kakhulu. Ngo I-Cava dei Balestrieri umqhudelwano we-crossbow uyabanjwa, futhi ku I-Piazzale Lo Stradone I-Military Band inikeza ikhonsathi, elandelwa umcimbi webhingo odume kakhulu. Usuku luvala ngesibonisi esidonsa umoya.

Ngemva kweMisa Elingcwele eligujwa e- I-St. Marinus Basilica, izinsalela zongcwele zithwalwa ngodwendwe emigwaqweni yedolobha. Ntambama, ngemva kokuphela kwemikhosi yenkolo, imikhosi ithatha imvelo ethandwa kakhulu. Ngo I-Cava dei Balestrieri umqhudelwano we-crossbow uyabanjwa, futhi ku I-Piazzale Lo Stradone I-Military Band inikeza ikhonsathi, elandelwa umcimbi webhingo odume kakhulu. Usuku luvala ngesibonisi esidonsa umoya.

Uhlelo lwesikhashana

ULwesibili 3 Septhemba

10.30 Ukufundwa Kwesimemezelo Sabaphambano
Ezitaladini zedolobha elidala

14.30 Ukuhamba KweParade Yomlando 
I-Porta San Francesco

15.00 Umkhuleko wamaCrossbowmen kuPatron Saint 
I-Basilica del Santo

15.30 I-Big Crossbow Tournament kanye noMbukiso wokuphonsa ifulegi 
I-Cava dei Balestrieri

17.15 I-Historical Pageant Parade 
Ezitaladini zedolobha elidala

17.30 Ikhonsathi Yebhendi Yezempi yaseRiphabhulikhi yaseSan Marino 
I-Piazza della Libertà

19.00 Umcimbi Webhingo Omkhulu 
I-Piazzale ne-Stradone

ERiphabhulikhi yaseSan Marino, ukuhlonishwa kukaSaint okwathi ngokwenganekwane, owasungula iRiphabhulikhi, kugxile kakhulu futhi kusabalele. Inganekwane isitshela ukuthi lo msiki wetshe oyingcweti washiya kanjani isiqhingi sakubo sase-Arbe eDalmatia futhi weza eNtabeni iTitano ezomisa umphakathi omncane wamaKristu alangazelela ukubalekela ukushushiswa kombusi uDiocletian. Ngo-301 AD, kwasungulwa umphakathi wokuqala lapho kwavela khona iRiphabhulikhi yaseSan Marino.

Ubufakazi bokuqala bokuzimela kweSan Marino
Okuqinisekile ukuthi le ndawo ibihlalwa kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambili, kodwa idokhumenti yokuqala eqinisekisa ukuba khona komphakathi ohleliwe eNtabeni i-Titano i-Placito Feretrano, isikhumba sesikhumba esahlehlela emuva ku-885 dc, egcinwe Ezinqolobaneni Zombuso.

I-Regular Militia ubamba iqhaza emicimbini esemthethweni futhi ahlanganyele namaphoyisa ngezikhathi ezithile; amalungu Ebutho Lezempi ayingxenye Yezempi Evamile.

Okokuqala izimiso nemithetho yaseSan Marino
Ngesikhathi lapho igunya loMbuso lalincipha futhi amandla esikhashana kaPapa ayengakamiswa, abantu bendawo, njengalabo bamanye amadolobha amaningi ase-Italy, banquma ukuzinika uhlobo oluthile lohulumeni. Ngakho kwazalwa idolobha elikhululekile. Umphakathi omncane oseNtabeni i-Titano, ukhumbula umfanekiso wenganekwane kaMarinus, umsiki wamatshe, wazibiza ngokuthi “Izwe laseSan Marino”, kamuva “idolobha Lamahhala laseSan Marino” futhi ekugcineni “iRiphabhulikhi yaseSan Marino”. Uhulumeni waphathiswa umhlangano wezinhloko zemikhaya obizwa ngokuthi “i-Arengo” owengamele uRector.
Njengoba umphakathi ukhula, kwaqokwa uCaptain Defender ukuze abelane nomsebenzi wesigungu esiphezulu noRector.
Kwaba ngo-1243 kuphela lapho ama-Consuls amabili okuqala, i-Kapteni Regent, akhethwa ukuthi asebenze isikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha; ukuqokwa okwenziwa kabili ngonyaka kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube manje, ngalokho kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwezikhungo.
Njengoba ihlale inexhala lokugqugquzela ubudlelwano obunokuthula nokuthakasela, i-Arengo yadweba futhi yamemezela imithetho yokuqala, iSitatimende, ephefumulelwe izimiso zentando yeningi. Ngisho noma ngo-1253 kunobufakazi mayelana nokuba khona kweMithetho yokuqala, ngo-1295 isethi yokuqala yemithetho iyatholakala eRiphabhulikhi yaseSan Marino.

Ukuzimela kweSan Marino
Ngenxa yokuhlakanipha okwagqugquzela idolobha lasendulo elikhululekile laseSan Marino, umphakathi ukwazile ukunqoba izimo eziyingozi futhi wahlanganisa ukuzimela kwawo.
Izehlakalo zomlando zaziyinkimbinkimbi futhi imiphumela yazo yayivame ukungaqiniseki, kodwa uthando lwenkululeko lwenza idolobha elikhululekile likwazi ukugcina inkululeko yalo.
IRiphabhulikhi yaseSan Marino yayihlaselwe kabili ngamabutho ezempi, kodwa izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela ngesikhathi: ngo-1503 nguCesare Borgia, owaziwa ngokuthi uValentino, futhi ngo-1739 nguKhadinali Giulio Alberoni. Inkululeko evela ku-Borgia yeza ngemva kokushona kukamashiqela, kanti ecaleni likaKhadinali Alberoni, ukungalaleli komphakathi kwasetshenziswa ukuphikisana nalokhu kuxhashazwa kwamandla kanye nemiyalezo eyimfihlo yathunyelwa ukuze kutholwe ubulungiswa kuPapa owaqaphela amalungelo eSan Marino futhi wabuyisela ukuzimela.

UNapoleon Bonaparte wakhothamela iSan Marino
Ngo-1797, uNapoleon wanikeza izipho nobungane eSan Marino kanye nokwelulwa kwemingcele yendawo yayo. Abantu baseSan Marino babonga kakhulu futhi bahlonishwa ngokuphana okunjalo, kodwa benqaba ngokuhlakanipha okungokwemvelo ukukhulisa indawo yabo, beneliseke njengoba babenjalo “ngesimo sabo esikhona”.

Isiqephu sikaGaribaldi
Ngo-1849, lapho uGiuseppe Garibaldi ezungezwe amabutho amathathu ezitha ngemva kokuwa kweRiphabhulikhi YaseRoma, wathola ukuphepha ayengakulindele kuye nakubangane bakhe ababesindile eSan Marino.

Umongameli waseMelika u-Abraham Lincoln isakhamuzi esihlonishwayo
Ngonyaka ka-1861, u-Abraham Lincoln wabonisa ubungane bakhe nokuyithanda kwakhe iSan Marino lapho phakathi kwezinye izinto ebhalela uKaputeni Regent “Nakuba ukubusa kwenu kukuncane, nokho iSifundazwe sakho singesinye sezihlonishwa kakhulu emlandweni wonke..”.

Ukungathathi hlangothi kweSan Marino phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili
I-San Marino inesiko eliyingqayizivele lokungenisa izihambi. Leli zwe elikhululekile alikaze lenqabe ukukhoseliswa noma usizo kulabo abahlushwa amashwa noma ukucindezela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sabo noma imibono yabo. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe yokugcina, iSan Marino yayingathathi hlangothi, futhi nakuba inani labantu bayo lalakhiwe izakhamuzi eziyi-15.000 kuphela, yanikeza indawo yokukhosela kanye nezindawo zokukhosela kubafuduki abayizi-100.000 ababevela ezindaweni ezizungezile zase-Italy ezaziqhunyiswa ngamabhomu.

IRiphabhulikhi yaseSan Marino inobudlelwano bezokusebenzelana kanye nenxusa namazwe angaphezu kwamashumi ayisikhombisa ase-Europe kanye namazwe angewona awaseYurophu.

Kuyizwe eliyilungu lezinhlangano eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe, njengeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene (i-UNO) kanye nezinhlelo zayo eziningi, Izimali Nezinhlaka, njenge-United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), i-United Nations Children's Fund ( I-UNICEF), Inhlangano Yezokudla Nezolimo (i-FAO), Isikhwama Semali Samazwe Ngamazwe (IMF), IBhange Lomhlaba (WB), Inhlangano Yezabasebenzi Bamazwe Ngamazwe (ILO), Inhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba (i-WHO), Inhlangano Yezokuvakasha Emhlabeni (UNWTO), i-International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), i-International Maritime Organisation (IMO), i-World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), iNhlangano Yokuvinjelwa Kwezikhali Zamakhemikhali (OPCW). Iphinde ibe yingxenye yoMkhandlu WaseYurophu kanye neNhlangano Yamaphoyisa Obugebengu Yamazwe Ngamazwe (INTERPOL).

IRiphabhulikhi futhi ibe nobudlelwano ne-European Union kusukela ngo-1991; ibamba iqhaza ku-Inter-Parliamentary Union, i-Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe kanye naleyo ye-Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) nethimba layo lomkhandlu.

Kusukela ngoMeyi 1990 kuya kuNovemba wonyaka ofanayo futhi kusukela ngoNovemba 2006 kuze kufike kuMeyi 2007, iSan Marino ibambe isikhundla somongameli weKomidi Longqongqoshe LoMkhandlu WaseYurophu izinyanga eziyisithupha.

I-San Marino inomkhakha wezokuvakasha nowokuvakasha onamandla.
Ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nendlela yokuvakashela iSan Marino http://www.visitsanmarino.com