Ukuvakasha Okubambe iqhaza e-Uruguay

Abantu base-Uruguay kanye nabavakashi abavela kwamanye amazwe babalekela ukucindezeleka kwempilo yasedolobheni futhi bafunde ngokuhlala emaphandleni emapulazini obisi ake achuma kanye namapulazi amancane amahle eduze kwedolobha laseColonia entshonalanga ye-Uruguay, lapho imindeni ithole indlela entsha yokuziphilisa - nendlela yokuphila - " i-agro-ecotourism”.

Imindeni edolobheni elincane laseSan Pedro, eduze nedolobha laseColonia, yaphendukela kulokho ukuze inqobe ubunzima obunzima bomnotho ngo-2002, obusabisa ngokusula amapulazi abo ebalazweni.

Le ndawo iyikhaya labalimi abaningi abasafufusa, ikakhulukazi inzalo yabokufika baseNtaliyane nabaseSwitzerland abazinza maphakathi nekhulu le-19 endaweni eyake yaba indawo enkulu ephethwe yiBrithani, yakha ubuhlobo obuqinile nomphakathi obusekelwe ekusebenzeni kanzima nasekuhlonipheni imvelo. .

Imindeni yayithembele kuphela kwezolimo ezisezingeni elincane ukuze iziphilise, kuze kube maphakathi nawo-1990, lapho iqala ukuzwa umthelela wokuqoqwa kwengcebo eyayigcizelelwe kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi, yandisa igebe emphakathini, ngokocwaningo “ I-Uruguay 1998-2002: Ukwabiwa Kwemali Engenayo Ngesikhathi Senhlekelele”, nguMarisa Bucheli kanye noMagdalena Furtado.

Kwabe sekuba nokuwohloka kwezomnotho nezezimali ngo-2002 e-Uruguay, okwalandela isiphithiphithi sasekupheleni kuka-2001 ezweni elingumakhelwane i-Argentina, kwaphoqelela abalimi abaningi abancane endaweni ukuba bakhethe phakathi kokujoyina inani elandayo lemikhaya ekhukhumala imijondolo ezungeze inhloko-dolobha, iMontevideo, namanye amadolobha amakhulu. , noma ukuqhamuka nemithombo emisha yemali engenayo.

Izimisele ukumelana nesiphepho, imindeni yaseSan Pedro yakhetha le yakamuva.

Abesifazane emphakathini, ikakhulukazi, baqala ukuhlangana ndawonye ukuze bathole ukuqeqeshwa kanye nezifundo zesiNgisi, amakhompiyutha, ukwenza ubhasikidi kanye nokutshala imifino, kuyilapho bethatha izifundo zodokotela kanye nodokotela bengqondo.

Ngasekupheleni kuka-1999, i-Instituto Plan Agropecuario (Agricultural Plan Institute), isikhungo esixube umphakathi nezizimele, “sakhetha iqeqebana labesifazane abavela eSan Pedro Farming Cooperative (Casspe) kanye neminye imifelandawonye ezweni lonke, ukwenza 'I-Participative Microplanning. ' iphrojekthi, okuhloswe ngayo ukukhuthaza umkhankaso wendawo," u-Maria del Carmen Agesta, uthisha kanye nesishoshovu sase-San Pedro, etshela i-IPS.

"Umoya wokubumbana oqinile waqala ukuvela, kube nokucobelelana ngemibono neziphakamiso," kusho u-Agesta, owengeze ngokuthi le ngxoxo idale umqondo wokuhlela amabhizinisi endawo ukuze kuliwe nokulahleka kwemisebenzi kanye nokwehla kwemali engenayo, kunqande inani elandayo lentsha ejoyina ufuduko lusuka emaphandleni luye emadolobheni.

Kwavela kanjalo I-Rural Tourism Group (Grutur), eyenziwe namuhla nge-Vivero Yatay - i-nursery kanye nepaki yezitshalo zomdabu - inkundla yaseParque Brisas del Plata, ipulazi 'Los Tres Botones', lapho izivakashi zingagibela ihhashi. noma ekalishini futhi udle ukudla okujwayelekile kwasemaphandleni ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka esiluhlaza, kanye ne-Tourn Museum, ehlanganisa amathuluzi amadala nemishini yasepulazini ekhiqizwe abakwa-Tourns, umndeni wabokufika base-Italy.

Okunye okubandakanyekayo kwezokuvakasha kwemvelo e-San Pedro, nakuba bengeyona ingxenye ye-Grutur, i-Villa Celina, ipulazi lobisi elitshala futhi umkhiqizo wemvelo, kanye ne-San Nicols, ehlinzeka ngokugibela amahhashi.

Kulolu hlu olubanzi lwezikhungo zezokuvakasha zasemakhaya kwengezwe muva nje ithuba lokuqasha amakhabhini emaphandleni.

Ngo-2002, u-Grutur wabamba i-“Fiesta del Campo”, umbukiso wasemakhaya noma ifestivali, e-San Pedro ukukhombisa izinto ezikhangayo nemikhiqizo yendawo. Ngo-2004 lo mbukiso wawubanjelwe eColonia del Sacramento eseduze, inhloko-dolobha yesifundazwe saseKoloni, ngaphansi kwendikimba ethi “Izindawo zasemaphandleni nazo ziyifa lesintu,” okubhekiselwa eqinisweni lokuthi leli dolobha lamakoloni liyiNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO.

Ukubuyela ezimpandeni zethu

Ezokuvakasha zasemaphandleni, ezihlinzekwa ngamapulazi amakhulu kanye namapulazi amancane kuya kwamaphakathi afana nalawo aseSan Pedro, aqala e-Uruguay ngo-2002 njengenye indlela yokubhekana nale nkinga, futhi namuhla isiphenduke insika embonini yezokuvakasha kuleli zwe laseNingizimu Melika. eziyizigidi ezingu-3.3 ezihlangene phakathi kwe-Argentina neBrazil.

Umdonsiswano oyinhloko wabavakashi base-Uruguay, ikakhulukazi abavela e-Argentina, kodwa futhi abavela eBrazil, eChile nakwezinye izindawo, bangamakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-700 olwandle olunesihlabathi olubanzi eRio de la Plata kanye ne-Atlantic Ocean.

Imboni yezokuvakasha yase-Uruguay njengamanje inenzuzo yezigidigidi zamaRandi ngonyaka, kuyilapho inikeza imisebenzi eqondile engu-50,000 kanye nemisebenzi engaqondile engaphezu kuka-120,000, okusekelwe kumodeli esimeme kwezomnotho ehlonipha imvelo namasiko endawo.

UMnyango Wezokuvakasha, ngokubambisana nohulumeni bezifundazwe eziyi-19 zezwe, udweba uhlelo lokuthuthukisa isikhathi sika-2009-2020 lapho izakhamuzi zendawo zizohlomula kwezokuvakasha ngokusebenzisa izinsiza zemvelo ngendlela efanele, elinganiselayo.

Iqhaza elibalulekile kulolu hlelo lizodlalwa ezokuvakasha zasemaphandleni, ezivumela izivakashi ukuthi zibukele futhi zihlanganyele emsebenzini wamapulazi nasemapulazini, zigibele amahhashi zinqamule emaphandleni, futhi zidle ukudla okunomsoco, kwesintu.

Okunye okungenzeka kuwukubuka izinyoni, kusho uchwepheshe uMaren Mackinnon Gonzlez, owaveza ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingu-450 ezihlukahlukene ezingabonakala esimisweni sazo semvelo e-Uruguay.

Njengamanje, kunamapulazi namapulazi angu-80 abhaliswe ngokusemthethweni ezweni ahileleke kwezokuvakasha kwemvelo. Ezingu-15 ezitholakala eduze neKoloni ziheha izivakashi ezisuka kulo lonke elase-Uruguay kanye nase-Buenos Aires, okuyindawo ephakathi kwemizuzu engu-45 noma amahora amathathu ngesikebhe, kuya ngokuthi uhamba ngesikebhe esisheshayo noma umzila obukeka kahle ngokwezomnotho.

Izitolo zokuthengisa iwayini, amapulazi ezivakashi kanye nezindawo zasemaphandleni zokulala nokudla kwasekuseni, ngisho nenkwali endala eyayithumela amatshe nesihlabathi enhloko-dolobha yase-Argentina futhi manje inikeza ukugibela endaweni yesitimela esidala esiyingxenye yesehlakalo se-ecotourism.

Umfelandawonye wabesifazane

Kodwa enye yezinhlelo ezithakazelisa kakhulu ingatholakala e-San Pedro, lapho umphakathi wonke uziguqule ngokuhlangana ukuze udlule ezikhathini zobunzima.

E-San Pedro, izinkomo zingabonakala zihamba ngokuvilapha emgwaqweni owubhuqu; izinja, amahhashi, izinkukhu nezinye izilwane zasesibayeni zizulazula emagcekeni angemuva; futhi owesifazane osebenzisa isipuni sokhuni uxova ibhodwe elikhulu likajamu wokuzenzela esitofini esidala sezinkuni, elandela iresiphi eyanikezwa isizukulwane ngesizukulwane.

"Izivakashi zifuna ukuphila njengabantu basemaphandleni," omunye wezinhloko ze-Uruguayan Association of Rural Tourism (Sutur) etshela i-IPS. Njengoba izivakashi ezihamba ngomgwaqo onguthelawayeka 21, omazombezombe ogwini olusentshonalanga yezwe, zifinyelela emapulazini amahle aseSan Pedro, kukhumbula isisho sembongi yase-Uruguay uLucio Muniz: “Yeka ukuthi okudabukisa kanjani ukungabi namehlo engeziwe.”

Ezivakashini zalapha, ezingamaphesenti angu-60 zingezase-Uruguay, ezingamaphesenti angu-30 zivela e-Argentina kanti ezinye zivela kwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane, eYurophu noma eNyakatho Melika.

E-“Los Tres Botones”, umnikazi ngokuziqhenya ubonisa ingadi yakhe yezimbali futhi anikeze ama-dessert enziwe ekhaya, kuyilapho izivakashi zingabuka imidanso yesintu yase-Uruguay eyenziwa iqembu.

E-"Villa Celina" izivakashi zingathenga izinhlobo ezingu-22 ezihlukene zojamu bokuzenzela kanye nezindawo zokulondoloza impahla eziphethe uphawu lokuhweba oluthi "Las Sanpedrinas", futhi ziboniswa okhiye ababili abakhulu "abamele umsuka wendawo yamaNgisi amadala," njengoba uMiriam Rigo echazela i-IPS.

Epulazini kukhona nokuvakasha kwezingadi zemifino ephilayo, izingxoxo nge-paleontological ezitholwe zigcwele emabhishi aseduze nemihosha yaseRio de la Plata, nokuvakashela indawo yobisi yasepulazini, lapho bengabona khona izinkomo ezisengwayo.

I-“Villa Celina”, kuze kube manje, iyona kuphela isikhungo sezokuvakasha kwezindawo zasemakhaya esigcina imininingwane ehlelekile ngenani lezivakashi esiyithola minyaka yonke. Amarekhodi avela ehlobo lika-2008-2009 eliseningizimu nenkabazwe abonisa ukuthi livakashelwe izivakashi eziyi-1,500, ezichithe isilinganiso samadola ayi-13 umuntu ngamunye.

I-Nury Pagalday, e-Tourn Museum, ikhombisa izivakashi indlela imishini yakudala yasepulazini esebenza ngayo futhi inikeza ukunambitheka kotshwala bokuzenzela obunokunambitheka okungavamile, okufana ne-"yerba mate", i-herbal efana netiye yendabuko e-Uruguay, e-Argentina, eParaguay naseningizimu yeBrazil. .

U-Ana Berretta nomyeni wakhe, bobabili abayizazi zezolimo namahlathi, batshala izinhlobo zezimbali nezihlahla enkulisa yaseYatay. Utshele i-IPS ukuthi benza izinkulumo ezifundisayo epaki, nezihlahla zayo zakudala nezihlahla ezinkulu, mayelana nokuthi zingavikelwa kanjani.

Njengoba ubusuku buvaleka, izibani ziqala ukukhanya ngale kocingo, kuyilapho izinyendle zitshiyoza.