Ukutshala imali Kwabesifazane Namantombazane

Sibona izinto ezintsha eziqanjiwe uma kukhulunywa ngendlela ohulumeni ababhekana ngayo nezinkinga. Yiqiniso, izinqubomgomo ezinkulu ngokuvamile zithatha iminyaka, amashumi eminyaka, ukuba zigxile futhi zibe nomthelela. Kodwa uma sezisunguliwe futhi sezisetshenziswa, lezo zinqubomgomo zingaba nemiphumela efinyelela kude futhi ehlala isikhathi eside. Ngezindlela eziningi, ukwenza inqubomgomo okusebenzayo kuwukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside.

Cabanga ngokuhlukana kobulili kwalolu bhubhane: Noma izwe ngalinye linendaba yalo ehlukile okumele liyixoxe, sibona ukuthi emazweni anemali engenayo ephezulu kanye nephansi ngokufanayo, abesifazane bahlaselwe kakhulu kunabesilisa ngenxa yokuwohloka komnotho emhlabeni wonke okudalwe ukuwohloka komnotho emhlabeni jikelele. ubhubhane. Kepha—okubalulekile—idatha iphinde ikhombise ukuthi umthelela omubi kwabesifazane ube mncane emazweni abenezinqubomgomo ezithinta ubulili ngaphambi kwalolu bhubhane.

Kungakho sikhuthazwa kakhulu ukubona ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke bebeka abesifazane emqondweni wabo wokuhlela ukuvuselela umnotho kanye nokwenza izinqubomgomo.

IPakistan yandise uhlelo lwayo lwe-Ehsaas Emergency Cash ukuze itholele amakhaya ampofu imali, kanti abesifazane benza izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabamukeli abahlosiwe balolu hlelo. I-Ehsaas ihlinzeke ngosizo lwemali oluphuthumayo ngesikhathi sodlame emizini ecishe ibe yizigidi eziyi-15 ehola kancane — ama-42% wabantu bezwe. Futhi imiphumela izoba nomthelela ohlala njalo: abesifazane abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-10 bangeniswa ohlelweni olusemthethweni lwezezimali okokuqala ngqa.

I-Argentina isanda kushicilela isabelomali sayo sokuqala esinombono wobulili, iqondise ngaphezu kuka-15% wezindleko zomphakathi ezinhlelweni eziqondise ukungalingani kobulili. Ngesiqondiso esivela kumqondisi osanda kuqashwa wezomnotho, ukulingana, kanye nobulili eMnyangweni Wezomnotho, bamukele izinqubomgomo ezisekela abesifazane nemindeni, njengokusungula izikhungo zokunakekela izingane zikahulumeni ezintsha ezingu-300 ezindaweni ezimpofu kakhulu zezwe.

Futhi e-United States, uhulumeni wesifunda saseHawaii ubeka abesifazane namantombazane—kanye naboMdabu baseHawaii, abafuduki, abantu abashintsha ubulili nabangebona ombambili, kanye nabantu abampofu—phakathi kwemizamo yabo yokuvuselela umnotho. Uhlelo lokuqala lokuvuselela umnotho olugxile ebulilini e-United States luhlanganisa izinqubomgomo ezifakazelwe ezisekela ukufukulwa kwezomnotho kwabesifazane isikhathi eside, njengezinsuku zokugula ezikhokhelwayo nekhefu lomndeni, ukunakekelwa kwezingane emhlabeni wonke, kanye nokukhuphula umholo omncane wehora womama abangabodwa.

Simagange ukubona imiphumela yesikhathi eside evela kulezi zindlela ezintsha zokufukula abesifazane kwezomnotho. Kodwa nakulesi sigaba sokuqala, lezi zikhuthaza izindlela ezintsha zokwenza inqubomgomo. Lezi zinqubomgomo ngeke zenze umehluko nje esikhathini esifushane; bazosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza okukhulu kwezomnotho ngesikhathi esizayo lapho kufika inhlekelele.

Ngisho Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ngisho Ngokushesha

Uma unyaka odlule usibonise okuthile, yilokhu: Ukuxazulula inkinga esikhona kusho ukuthi sizohlale sidlala ukubamba iqhaza. Ukuze senze “izimangaliso” zesikhathi esizayo zibe nokwenzeka, kudingeka sicabange ngezizukulwane, hhayi emijikelezweni yezindaba.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside akuvamile ukuba kube into ejabulisayo, elula, noma edumile ngokwepolitiki. Kepha labo abazenzile babone izinzuzo ezizwakalayo phakathi nenhlekelele yezilinganiso zomlando. Izindlela ezintsha eziningi ezishaqisayo zonyaka odlule zinento eyodwa efanayo: Zikhule ezinhlamvini ezatshalwa eminyakeni—noma ngisho namashumi eminyaka—ngaphambili.

Ngakho-ke, kucace kakhulu kunangaphambili ukuthi sidinga ohulumeni abaningi, izinhlangano zezizwe ngezizwe, kanye nezisekelo ezifana nezethu ukuze sitshale imali yokucabanga phambili, sazi ukuthi imbuyiselo ingase ibe yiminyaka eminingi ngaphambi komgwaqo. Kufanele sisebenzisane nabanye ukuze sisekele abacwaningi abanekhono emhlabeni wonke ukuze bahlonze amathuluzi amasha nobuchwepheshe obungase bube izivimbi zokuxazulula izinselele eziningi. Futhi kufanele siqinise ukusebenzisana emazweni nemikhakha ukuze sisebenzisane sifinyelele ezinhlosweni ezifanayo.

Kodwa akwanele ukuthi amazwe anemali engenayo ephezulu aqhubeke nokutshala imali nezinsiza ngaphakathi futhi ethemba ukuthi izinto ezintsha ezishintsha umdlalo zizofika emhlabeni wonke. Kudingeka futhi sitshale ku-R&D, ingqalasizinda, kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha kwazo zonke izinhlobo eduze kwabantu okumele bahlomule kakhulu.

Imithombo emisha emisha

Sibonile ukuthi ukufinyelela komgomo we-COVID-19 kuhlobene kakhulu nezindawo lapho kunomuthi wokugomela i-R&D kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza. I-Latin America, i-Asia, ne-Afrika ishaywa kakhulu ngokuhlukahluka kwe-delta njengamanje ngoba iningi labantu bakhona alikagonywa. I-Afrika, ikakhulukazi, ibe nobunzima bokuthola imithamo eyidingayo. Izwekazi—ikhaya lama-17% abantu bomhlaba—lingaphansi kwe-1% yamakhono okukhiqiza imigomo yomhlaba. Uma abaholi base-Afrika, ngokwesekwa ngabanikeli, betshala imali futhi bakhe ukuthuthukiswa kokugoma kwesifunda esimeme kanye nesimiso sokukhiqiza, izwekazi ngeke libe mancane kakhulu amathuba okuba libe ngeligcina emgqeni wobhubhane oluzayo.

Yingakho sisekela i-Africa CDC kanye nombono we-African Union wokwenza lokho kanye ngo-2040. Akuyona i-Afrika kuphela engazuza ekuvikelekeni kwezempilo okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokulungela ubhubhane; umhlaba wonke ungazuza emithonjeni emisha ye-R&D kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha kwesayensi.

I-Afrika izibophezele ekusunguleni ukukhiqizwa kwe-mRNA ezwenikazi, futhi kakade, izinkampani ze-mRNA ziyakhuphuka ukuze zenze lokho kube ngokoqobo. Lokhu kuzovumela i-Afrika ukuthi yenze imigomo hhayi ye-COVID-19 kuphela, kodwa okungenzeka futhi nomalaleveva, isifo sofuba, kanye ne-HIV-izifo ezithinta ngokulinganayo abasengozini kakhulu.

Isicelo sethu sokutshala imali eduze komthombo siwukubonakaliswa kwenkolelo yethu emandleni abantu emhlabeni wonke okusungula izinto ezintsha nokuxazulula izinkinga ezinzima. Umbono omkhulu olandelayo noma impumelelo esindisa impilo ingaqalwa noma kuphi emhlabeni, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ukuthi umhlaba uzozuza yini kukithi sonke.

Ukuphendula ezinkingeni kuqala eminyakeni ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke.

Akunzima ukucabanga ngomhlaba lapho imibono kaDkt. Karikó yenguquko mayelana ne-mRNA ingakaze iluthole uxhaso oluyidingayo. Noma umhlaba lapho i-Afrika ingenawo owawo amandla okulandelana kwezakhi zofuzo—futhi okuhlukile kwe-beta akukwazanga ukulandelana ngesikhathi ukuze kusebenze ngokushesha.

Lo bhubhane ufundise umhlaba isifundo esibalulekile: Ukuphendula ezinkingeni kuqala eminyakeni ngaphambi kokuthi zenzeke. Futhi uma sifuna ukuba ngcono, sisheshe, futhi silingane endleleni yethu yokufeza Izinhloso Zomhlaba ngo-2030, sidinga ukuqala ukubeka isisekelo. Manje.

Isicelo Sokujwayela: Abasunguli boMthelela

Njengoba nje amazwe, imiphakathi, kanye nezinhlangano bezisungula izinto ezintsha ngesikhathi se-COVID, izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke zisibonisile ukuthi ngamunye wethu—sonke—angawenza uphawu. Laba bangabacabangi nabenzi abathathu abanjalo. Basiza imibono yokuzalwa, imiklamo, nezinsana. Bangabenzi, beqhutshwa intshiseko, ulwazi, kanye nentando engavimbeki yokuxazulula izinkinga, futhi abavinjwa izikhathi eziyinselele. Ngenkathi i-COVID-19 ishaya umhlaba, yaqinisa umoya wabo kuphela. Ngokukhuthazela okuvuselelwe nokuzimisela, bashintsha abakwenzayo nendlela abasebenza ngayo. Kubo, ubhubhane lwaba ucingo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Futhi ukwenza kangcono. Ukunethula kubo kuseyisiqalo nje. Sizoqhubeka sibheke ukuxoxa izindaba zabaningi abengeziwe abavutha bengabaselwe emhlabeni ongcono.

Ukusungula Imithi Yokugoma: Strive Masiyiwa

NgoMeyi ka-2020, lapho umhlaba wawufuna i-PPE, izinsiza zokuhlola, kanye nama-ventilators, isikhulu sezokuxhumana ngomakhalekhukhwini saseZimbabwe u-Strive Masiyiwa wamukela inselelo enkulu. Esanda kuqokwa njengomunye wezithunywa ezikhethekile ze-African Union zokuphendula i-COVID, waqala umkhankaso wesivinini esikhulu wokusiza izakhamizi zase-Afrika eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.3 ezazidingeka kakhulu.

“Ukunikezwa komhlaba wonke kwakulinganiselwe, futhi kwaba impi. I-Afrika yayisihlakazekile,” kusho yena ngaleso sikhathi. Ibika komongameli abayisikhombisa base-Afrika, kanye ne-CDC yase-Afrika, abakha i-COVID-19 Task Force ehlangene yezwekazi, inselelo yayicacile: “Umsebenzi wami uwukulungisa inkinga ephambi kwami. Ngiqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi lezo zimpahla ezidingeka kakhulu ziyahamba? ” uthena.

U-Strive wenze umsebenzi wokuzama ukulungisa izinkinga eziphambi kwakhe. Ngo-1991, usomabhizinisi osemusha wacelwa yinhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ukuba asize ukuletha amafoni asethelayithi e-Afrika. Uma enyuse amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-40, wayezothola u-5% wenkampani kanye nokunqanyulwa kwefoni ngayinye ekugcineni kudayiswe ezwenikazi. Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka emibili ezama, akazange aphumelele. Edangele, u-Strive wabuyela ebhizinisini lakhe lokwakha, kwaze kwaba yilapho izifundo ziyaqina. Ukusebenzisa i-Global System for Mobiles (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-GSM ne-3G) kubonakale njengethuba elikhulu lokuletha amafoni ezwekazini ngokwakhe. “Ngokushesha, zonke izinto engangizifundile ... zaba isiphetho esikhulu. Kwaba sengathi sengithuthuke iminyaka engu-25 njengosomabhizinisi!” uthena.

Dlulisela phambili ku-COVID-19. Ezinsukwini ezingama-28 nje ngemva kokuqokwa kwakhe, u-Strive wahlanganisa ithimba lezobuchwepheshe ukuze lethule futhi lethule i-African Medical Supplies Platform (AMSP), indawo yemakethe ye-inthanethi esebenziseka kalula yohulumeni base-Afrika abangama-55 ukuze bathole usizo lwezokwelapha oluhlobene ne-COVID, ukulungisa izinto, kanye nokuhlanganisa amandla okuthenga. ngezinto ezifana ne-Lumira test kits kanye nokwelashwa okufana ne-dexamethasone. U-Strive nethimba lakhe baphinde bakha ipayipi lama-ventilators obuchwepheshe obuphezulu azokhiqizwa eNingizimu Afrika, okwehlisa izindleko ngokuphindwe kashumi. Futhi kamuva, lapho ukulethwa komgomo we-COVAX ezwenikazi kubambezeleka, i-Strive ayigcinanga nje ngokusebenzela ukuvikela izinkontileka ngokuzimela nge-African Vaccine Acquisition Task Team (AVATT), kodwa yasiza nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwemijovo kuzokwenzeka e-Afrika. I-World Bank kanye ne-African Union balinganisela ukuthi ngoJanuwari 2022, abakhiqizi base-Afrika bazobe sebebambe iqhaza ekukhiqizeni imithamo efinyelela ezigidini ezingama-400 ezosatshalaliswa endaweni.

Umgxeki onolaka wezizwe ezinezinsizakusebenza eziphezulu “eziphushela indlela eya phambili kolayini ukuze zivikele izimpahla zokukhiqiza,” u-Strive uyenqaba ubuzwe bomgomo wokugomela, isimo esiye—ngezindlela eziningi—sichaze umsebenzi wakhe. "Asizange sicele muntu ukuthi asinikeze lutho mahhala," egcizelela. "Ukufinyelela ngokulinganayo kwakusho ukuthenga imithi yokugoma ngalo lolo suku nesikhathi etholakala ngalo."

Emisa kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe wosuku phakathi nalolu bhubhane, u-Strive uchithe unyaka odlule exoxisana ukuze asize ukunciphisa ukungalingani kokugoma phakathi kwamazwe acebile nama-Afrika futhi useyingxenye yobuchopho, injini, kanye nenhliziyo yempendulo enkulu yase-Afrika ye-COVID-19. “Uma sikhuluma ngokuphana, sivame ukukhuluma ngemali. Kodwa lokhu kuyinkinga eyenzeka kanye empilweni, futhi izinga layo, ngokwezindleko zomuntu kanye nempilo yomuntu, kanye nezindleko zezomnotho, lijule kakhulu. Kumele uyeke okwenzayo ubhekane nakho,” kusho yena.

Ukwenza okusha Ngokuzalwa: Efe Osaren

U-Efe wayesanda kufika esibhedlela lapho konke kwashintsha. Emizuzwini edlule, lapho iNew York City imemezela ukuvalwa kwayo kwe-COVID-19, wayebhodla ngaphansi komhlaba, ebuyekeza ngengqondo icala leklayenti lakhe: owesifazane osekhulile, ukuphumula kombhede, cishe ingxenye ye-C, ingane eyayizolethwa ngqo eNICU. Komama abaqalayo, ikakhulukazi labo abasengcupheni yokukhulelwa, ukuzalwa kungaba yinto ebuhlungu. Ku-Efe, umsebenzi wakhe njenge-doula wawusho ukubamba isandla ohambweni olungavunyelwe, eqinisekisa ukuthi ukucindezeleka akulimazi umama nengane ngokufanayo. Ngaphandle kokuthi ngalezi zinsuku ebezilindelwe kakhulu zikaMashi, igciwane elingabonakali lamvimba egumbini lokubelethela.

U-Efe Osaren wayeneminyaka engu-15 lapho ehlatshwa umxhwele isiko eliyingqayizivele lapho umshana wakhe osanda kuzalwa wayelulwa futhi ebhucungwa ngamafutha esundu namanikiniki ashisayo. Kwakuwukugeza okungokwesiko kwesiYoruba, futhi umama wakhe watshela u-Efe ukuthi naye wayegezwe ngaleyo ndlela, ngakho wayezokhula enamathambo aqinile. Ukugeza akuzange kwenze u-Efe anganqamuki, kodwa kwambumba. Umfundi waseNigeria waseMelika ohlala eTexas wayazi ukuthi wayefuna ukusebenzisa isiko nesayensi ukusiza izingane ukuba zize emhlabeni zinempilo. Ikakhulukazi izingane ezizalwa ngabesifazane bemibala.

E-United States, omama abasha abaNsundu bafa ngamanani aphezulu kunabamhlophe—kungakhathaliseki ubudala, imfundo, indawo yasemaphandleni noma yasemadolobheni, noma isimo senhlalo-mnotho. Omama abamnyama banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okufa lapho bebeletha kunabamhlophe. “Kungenza ngizizwe ngithukuthelele amakhasimende ami,” kusho u-Efe. Yingakho futhi esebenza njengommeli wobulungiswa bezokubeletha. “Ukukhulelwa kudinga ukuthi uzizwe uphephile. Lapho ungenakho ukunethezeka, unovalo… okungaholela ezimweni eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. ”

Emuva esibhedlela sase-NYC, wahlangabezana nokwesaba kwakhe okubi kakhulu—wayengeke akwazi ukuba lapho neklayenti lakhe. Ngokungaphelelwa yisikhathi, wabiza umlingani weklayenti lakhe futhi wamnikeza isifundo sokuphahlazeka endaweni yokwamukela izivakashi: indlela yokusiza umama ukuba aphefumule, ukuthi angamgcina kanjani ezolile ngokumbheka ngamehlo, ukucindezela ezinqulwini nasemhlane, indlela yokufaka ukuzethemba wakhe, ukuthi angaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi uma efakwe ngesondo ku-OR, uzophepha.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-flash kwaba ipulani le-pivot ye-Efe phakathi ne-COVID. Waqala ukufundisa amakilasi okubeletha angokoqobo, enikeza amakhasimende akhe amandla ngolwazi, futhi waze wabasiza ukuthi bathole ama-tripod nezipikha ze-Bluetooth kumafoni abo ukuze bakwazi ukuxoxa ngevidiyo ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Ummeli wabesifazane abanebala elimhlophe umsebenzi wakhe wonke, u-Efe manje usebahlomisela ukwenza umsebenzi ngokwabo. Akuwona umsebenzi olula, ngoba usephenduke unogada, i-concierge, umelaphi kanye nomlamuleli. Kodwa uyazi ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe ubalulekile.

Qaphela: Nakuba ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukungenelela okuthile kungathuthukisa ukuzizwisa kokubeletha komama, ucwaningo olwengeziwe noxhaso luyadingeka ukuze kuhlonzwe ukungenelela okunciphisa ukungalingani kwezinhlanga emiphumeleni yomama. Ngokunjalo, izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokubelethisa ezimele izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zamanje kufanele zandiswe futhi zifane.

Ukwenza okusha nge-PPE: Kuldeep Aryal

Ngo-April 25, 2015, u-Kuldeep Aryal wayesegumbini lakhe efundela izivivinyo zobunjiniyela bomphakathi ekolishi ngesikhathi ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu kuvula iNepal. Ngemva kokuchitha imizuzu enqamukile ecashe ngaphansi kwemishayo yesakhiwo sendlu yakhe futhi ebambelele ekuphileni engenalutho ngaphandle komthandazo, u-Kuldeep waphuma wathola ikhaya likamakhelwane wakhe liphansi. Kwakungenye yezindlu ezingu-700,000 XNUMX ezabhidlika ngenxa yokuzamazama.

Njengoba eqala ukuphakamisa izitini nama-tiles, kwaphakama umbuzo ngaphansi kwemfucumfucu. “Ngifuna ukuthi ukusebenzelana kwami ​​nomhlaba kube nomthelela ongakanani?” ezibuza. Futhi kwazalwa umuntu osiza abantu. “Angizange ngibheke emuva.” Ayengakwazi ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe ekuphenduleni nasemizameni yokubuyisela eNepal uzogcina ukwazisa kanjani ukuthi wenze kanjani yonke into kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.

Ngenkathi i-COVID-19 ifika eSouth Asia, uKuldeep wayehlala eDhaka. Njengazo zonke ezinye izizwe emhlabeni, i-Bangladesh nayo ibidonsa kanzima ukuthola i-PPE, ukwenza izinhlelo zokulandela umkhondo wokuxhumana nabantu, kanye nokucacisa ukuthi kwakusho ukuthini ukuvalelwa ekhaya unomphela. Kodwa ithemba, kwavela, lalichichima. “Lesi bekuyisigameko esivusa amadlingozi. Ngangena emaqenjini ezingxoxo, sathola izinsiza zokwelapha ezivulekile, saqala ukwabelana ngemibono yokuthi singazenza kanjani izinto ngokwethu,” kusho yena. Uxhumene namanyuvesi angamsiza ngamaphrinta e-3D. Wahlanganisa izinsiza. Futhi phakathi namasonto ambalwa, wayesekhiqizela umphakathi wakubo izihlangu zobuso.