I-Serengeti ibhekene nolunye futhi usongo lokuzingela ngokungemthetho buthule kodwa oluyingozi

Uma ukuzingela ngokungemthetho sekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba futhi kwezentengiselwano, okufaka ipaki kazwelonke yaseTanzania iSerengeti ngaphansi kwengcindezi evuselelwe ngemva kokuthula kweminyaka emibili.

Izilwane zasendle eSerengeti, indawo eyigugu emhlabeni wonke, zase ziqalile ukululama ekuzingeleni izinyo lendlovu okwathatha iminyaka eyishumi, okwacishe kwaqothula izindlovu nobhejane.

I-Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) yenze 'i-Great Elephant Census' ezindaweni eziyisikhombisa ezibalulekile kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuNovemba 2014 lapho kutholakala ukuthi 'izinhlamvu ezizingela ngokungemthetho' zibulale amaphesenti angama-60 ezindlovu eminyakeni emihlanu nje kuphela.

Ezibalweni zangempela, imiphumela yokugcina yokubalwa kwabantu iveze ukuthi izindlovu zaseTanzania zehla zisuka ku-109,051 ngo-2009 zaya ku-43,521 nje ngo-2014, okubonisa ukwehla ngamaphesenti angama-60 esikhathini esibuyekezwayo.

Imbangela okungenzeka kakhulu yalokhu kwehla ukwanda okumangazayo kokuzingela ngokungemthetho ezindaweni zombili ezilawulwayo nezivulekile, iTanzania ebilokhu idonsa kanzima ukubhekana nayo eminyakeni yamuva nakuba ingenazo izinsiza nobuchwepheshe obanele.

Umbiko we-Environmental Investigation Agency udalule ukuthi amaqembu ezigebengu aholwa ngamaShayina abopha itulo nezikhulu ezikhohlakele zaseTanzania zokushushumbisa inqwaba yamazinyo endlovu.

Uhwebo olungemthetho olubizwa ngobunye bobugebengu obubucayi bemvelo kuleli shumi leminyaka seluholele ekutheni ngaphezu kwesigamu sezindlovu zaseTanzania zizingelwe ngokungemthetho kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.

Buthule, kodwa bubulala ngokungemthetho

Njengokungathi lokho akwanele, ukubulawa kwenyama yasehlathini okungenzeka kukhohliwe, ethule kodwa ebulalayo ngaphakathi kweSerengeti Park manje kubeka ufuduko lwezilwane zasendle lwaminyaka yonke emhlabeni wonke emathafeni aseMpumalanga Afrika ngaphansi kosongo olusha.

Ukufuduka kwezilwane zasendle okukhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni - iluphu yonyaka yezinkonkoni eziyizigidi ezimbili nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo endaweni yonkana edumile yaseTanzania i-Serengeti kanye ne-Maasai Mara Reserve yaseKenya edumile - kuwukuheha kwezivakashi okubalulekile, okukhiqiza izigidi eziningi zamadola ngonyaka.

Umgcinisihlalo weSerengeti National Park, uMnumzana William Mwakilema, ukuqinisekisile ukuthi ukuzingelwa ngokungemthetho okunganakiwe sekuyingozi ngempela, njengoba abantu bendawo sebebambe izihibe ukuze babambe izilwane ezinkulu ngokungakhethi, ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu.

Ngokusho kukaMnuz Mwakilema, imininingwane esemthethweni ikhombisa ukuthi kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuSepthemba 2017 kuphela, zingu-790 izinhlobo zezilwane zasendle esezibulewe yizingibe zocingo ngaphakathi kweSerengeti National Park, okudweba isithombe esicacile sezinga losongo.

Umbhalo weTanzania National Park (TANAPA) ubonwe ngu eTurboNews ibonisa ukuthi ingqikithi yezinkonkoni ezingu-500 zabulawa phakathi nesikhathi esibuyekezwayo, kulandelwa amaZebra angu-110 kanye nensephe engu-54 yaseThomson.

Ezinye izilwane zasendle ezibulewe zihlanganisa 35 Topi, 28 Buffalo, 27 Impala, 19 warthog kanye 17 Eland, umbhalo uyasho.

UJulayi ube yinundu elibi kakhulu njengoba kwabulawa izilwane zasendle ezingu-376, uma kuqhathaniswa no-August no-September lapho kwabulawa khona ezingu-248 nezingu-166, ngokulandelana.

Omunye umbiko omusha oveze ukubanjwa kwezilwane zasendle okuhlobene nezihibe yiFrankfurt Zoological Society (FZS) kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba 2017, ukhombisa ukuthi zingu-7,331 sezizonke izingibe ezitholakele futhi zasuswa esiqiwini saseSerengeti, okusho ukuthi ezinyangeni zonke inyama yasehlathini. abazingeli abangekho emthethweni babeka izingibe ezicishe zibe ngu-1,222 XNUMX zokuhuga izilwane.

I-FZS, kanye nabatshalizimali bezokuvakasha, i-Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA) nabanye ababambiqhaza, basungula uhlelo lwe-De-Snaring eSerengeti -- ukucindezela indlela entsha yokuzingela ngokungemthetho ebulalayo.

Ethula lokho okutholakele eMgubhweni weminyaka eyi-18 wokushona kukaBaba u-Mwalimu Julius Nyerere owawuhlelwe yi-Tanzania Association of Tour Operators (TATO), i-FZS Project Manager, uMnu Erik Winberg, i-De-snaring Programme, eyaqala maphakathi no-April, 2017, ithole. Izilwane ezingama-384 ezazivaleleke ogibeni okwathi ezingaba yi-100 kuzo zahlengwa ngempumelelo ziphila.

Uma sibheka izibalo, lokhu kusho ukuthi zingu-64 izilwane ezihlatshwa zinyanga zonke eSerengeti National Park kuphela.

Ubukhulu benselele bubonisa isidingo sokuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha, uma kubhekwa izinga eliphezulu logibe nokulahlekelwa okutholwe phakathi nenkathi yonyaka yokufuduka.

UMnu Winberg uthe uMeyi, uJuni kanye noJulayi kwakuyizinyanga ezibucayi, njengoba abazingeli ngokungemthetho bematasa bebeka izingibe ezindleleni eziqinile zokufudukela eNyakatho, ikakhulukazi e-Kogatende nakwezinye izindawo ezishisayo engxenyeni eseNyakatho Ntshonalanga yeSerengeti.

"Uhlelo lwe-De-Snaring lungadambisa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwabafuduki futhi lunikeze nabasenzi be-TANAPA indawo yokubamba abazingeli ngokungemthetho," egcizelela.

Usongo lushiye abalondolozi bemvelo kanye nabaqhubi bezokuvakasha bemangele, okubenze ukuthi bahlangane emzamweni wabo, wokungagcini nje ukususa, kodwa futhi banqande izingibe ezidlangile ukuze kusindiswe ukufuduka okujwayelekile - okungenye yezindlela ezimangalisayo zokunyakaza kwezilwane emhlabeni, okwenzekile ukuphazamiseka kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka.

Lo mbukiso wokuhlulwa emhlabeni jikelele uholele ekutheni iSerengeti iqokwe njenge-7 Wonder of the World ngonyaka ka-2008.

Iphrojekthi ye-De-snaring

Ngenxa yalokhu, abavakashi banqume ukufaka isandla ngezigidi zamarandi emkhankasweni weDe-snaring ukuze kuhlonishwe iqhaza elincomekayo lomsunguli weSizwe, uMfu Julius Nyerere kulo mkhankaso.

Le phrojekthi ebizwa ngokuthi, 'I-De-snaring Progam', inhloso yalo msebenzi ukulwa nezingibe ezidlangile ezibekwe abenzi benyama bendawo ukuze babambe izilwane zasendle ezinkulu endaweni evelele yezwe yaseSerengeti.

Njengoba ixhaswe ngabatshalizimali bezokuvakasha, lo msebenzi, owokuqala ngqa, wethulwa e-Arusha, inhloko-dolobha eqokiwe ye-safari yezwe, ngesikhathi kukhunjulwa uMgubho Weminyaka engu-18 wokushona kukaMwalimu Nyerere, obuhlelwe yiTanzania Association of Tour Operators (TATO).

“Uhlelo lokususa ugibe luwukuzinikela ku-Mwalimu Nyerere, umsunguli wesizwe esihlonishwayo, ngemizamo yakhe emangalisayo emkhankasweni wokongiwa kwemvelo, okumanje sivuna amadola ezivakashi” kusho uSihlalo we-TATO, uMnu Willbard Chambulo.

UMnu Chambulo, otuswe njengongqondongqondo kulo msebenzi, unxuse bonke abavakashi ukuba banikele ngedola kuphela ukuze basekele i-Serengeti De-snaring Programme, njengengxenye yokubonga kwabo ngeqhaza elihle lika-Mwalimu Nyerere emkhankasweni wokongiwa kwemvelo.

“UMwalimu Nyerere ubenenqwaba yezinketho, kodwa wanquma ukugcina imithombo yemvelo eningi, kuze kube yilapho thina maTanzania sesinolwazi olwanele lokuzuza. Ulondoloze izitshalo nezilwane lapho manje sesivuna amadola ezivakashi” kuchaza isikhulu se-TATO.

U-Mwalimu Nyerere ushiye ifa okwenza namuhla ezokuvakasha ezisekelwe kwimvelo kube yizona ezihamba phambili ngemali yangaphandle ezweni njengoba imboni iletha ekhaya u-$2.05 billion ngonyaka, okulingana namaphesenti angu-17.2 weGross Domestic Product (GDP) yezwe.

Impela, iTanzania inikele cishe amaphesenti angama-30 wendawo yayo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-945,203 ekongiweni kwezilwane zasendle, indawo enkulu kunezwe laseJalimane, sibonga ukuqonda kuka-Mwalimu Nyerere ongasekho.

Iphrojekthi ye-Serengeti De-snaring isetshenziswa, phakathi kwababambe iqhaza ababalulekile eSerengeti njengeFrankfurt Zoological Society kanye neTanzania National Parks (TANAPA)

Ngokusho kweKhansela le-TATO elihola umkhankaso wokongiwa kwemvelo, uNksz Vesna Glamocanin Tibaijuka, izilwane zasendle zaseSerengeti zibhekene nenye ingozi enkulu njengoba abantu bendawo besebenzisa ugibe ukubamba inqwaba yezilwane zasendle.

I-Snare iyindlela yokuzingela ngokungemthetho yezinga elincane eqondise izinhlobo zezilwane zasendle ukuze uthole inyama yasehlathini, kuhlanganise nezinkonkoni eziningi.

Nokho, izicupho ezibulalayo ezisetshenziswayo zibamba ezinye izilwane zasendle eziningi ikakhulukazi izindlovu nezilwane ezidla ezinye ezicashe nezinkonkoni.

Ephetheni leli thimba elinamalungu avela ezigodini ezakhele iSerengeti ecosystem, iningi labo okungabazingeli abangemthetho abancane ngokwabo, ungumqaphi we-TANAPA osewathatha umhlalaphansi, kuchaza uMphathi Wohlelo lwe-FZS esiFundeni sase-Afrika, uMnumzane Gerald Bigurube.

La maqembu asondeza indawo ezungeze imvelo ngokubambisana nabaqaphi beSerengeti National Park ukuze baqoqe izingibe ngaphambi kokuba balimaze izilwane zasendle.

Izinzuzo ze-De-Snaring initiative kuze kube manje sezibhalisele ukusekelwa ababambiqhaza abahlukahlukene ukuze ihlanganise nezinye izindawo ze-ecosystem ye-Serengeti, kuphawula uMdidiyeli Wohlelo, uNksz Vesna Glamocanin.

Njengoba imisebenzi yabavakashi incike kakhulu enhlalakahleni ye-Serengeti ecosystem, imizamo ehlangene yokongiwa kwemvelo iyindlela eqinisekile yokusimamisa amagugu ezilwane zasendle zaseTanzania kanye nemboni yezokuvakasha, kusho iSikhulu Esiphezulu se-TATO, uMnu Sirili Akko. .

Iminikelo yokuzithandela kanye naleyo etholwa ngemali ekhokhwa ngabanini bamahhotela asebusuku kanye nezindleko zabasebenza ezinkambini nayo izofaka isandla ekuxhasweni kwezimbangela zokongiwa eziyingqayizivele nezisebenzisekayo ngekusasa elizinzile leketango lenani lezokuvakasha.

Lolu hlelo kulindeleke ukuthi lwehlise izinga lobugebengu obudla lubi entshonalanga yeSerengeti lapho uMqondisi Jikelele we-TANAPA, uMnuz Allan Kijazi, ethe ngonyaka kuhlatshwa izinkonkoni eziphakathi kuka-200 no-500.

“Lesi yisibalo esincane kakhulu, kodwa isibalo singaba ngaphezulu kakhulu. Sikhathazekile ngokuthi uma lo mkhuba unganqamuki, ukusinda kwezilwane zasendle kuzoba sengozini enkulu,” kuphawula uMnu Kijazi.

Umbiko ohlanganyelwe we-UN Conservation Programme (UNEP) kanye neWorld Conservation Monitoring Center (WCMC) ubonisa ukuthi kubulawa okungenani izinhlobo zezilwane ezihlukahlukene ezingu-200,000 XNUMX ngonyaka entshonalanga yeSerengeti.

Lo mbhalo uthi ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla inyama yasehlathini nakho kugqugquzelwe ukwanda kwabantu bendawo.

Izibalo ezisemthethweni zikhombisa ukuthi umngcele osentshonalanga weSerengeti ugcwele abantu abaningi ngenani labalimi nabelusi abahlala endaweni evikelekile elinganiselwa ku-3,329,199 ngo-2011.

Ezolimo sezingenile emingceleni yalesi siqiwu futhi ngenxa yalokho lokho okwakuwukuzingela ngokungemthetho manje sekuphenduke insakavukela umchilo wesidwaba kwezentengiselwano.