I-SHANGHAI - Uma abahambi baseMelika becabanga ukuthi bekubi kulezi zinsuku, cabanga ngokwenzeka kubagibeli ezindizeni eziyi-18 zaseChina zaseMpumalanga muva nje.
Izindiza zisuke esikhumulweni sezindiza iKunming eningizimu yeChina. Abanye bajika emoyeni. Abanye bafika lapho babeya khona; kodwa ngaphandle kokuvumela abagibeli ukuba bahambe, amajethi andizela abuyela eKunming. Isimo sezulu besingeyona inkinga, futhi bekungeyona inkinga yemishini, kusho abaphenyi. Kunalokho, kwakuyisenzo sokungahloniphi kwabashayeli bezindiza ababengajabule ngeholo labo, isimiso esicindezelayo nokuntuleka kokuphumula kanye nezivumelwano zokuphila konke abangazephula ngokukhokha imali eshisiwe kuphela.
I-Civil Aviation Administration yaseChina ihlawulise inkampani yezindiza cishe u-$215,000 futhi yathatha eminye yemizila yayo yasekhaya. Kepha le nhlangano ayizange ilungise inkinga ewumsuka: imboni yezindiza edonsa kanzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo sokuhamba ngokushoda kwabashayeli bezindiza nemithetho nokuphatha osekuphelelwe yisikhathi.
Igqugquzelwa ukukhula komnotho wezwe kanye nengcebo ekhulayo, izindiza zaseShayina zandizisa abagibeli abayizigidi eziyi-185 ngonyaka odlule, benyuka ngama-34% kusukela eminyakeni emibili edlule. Lokho cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yethrafikhi yabagibeli base-US. Abathwali baseShayina bathenga amakhulu ezindiza ezintsha kodwa bayazikhandla ukuthola abantu abazondishayela.
"Isimo samanje siwukuthi, udinga bonke abashayeli bezindiza ukuthi bandize ukuze bahlangabezane nesidingo," kusho u-Tian Baohua, umongameli we-Civil Aviation Management Institute yaseChina ezinze eBeijing.
Isiyaluyalu asikwazanga ukufika ngesikhathi esibi kakhulu. Njengoba sekusondele ama-Olympics asehlobo e-Beijing futhi kulindeleke izivakashi eziyizigidi ezingu-2 kule Midlalo, isidingo sokuhamba ngendiza kungenzeka sikhule ngesivinini. I-China izakhele irekhodi elihloniphekile lezokuphepha eminyakeni yamuva, kodwa izigameko zakamuva zishiye abaphaphayo benovalo.
“Ukuthatha indiza kubonakala kungisabisa kancane,” kusho uXi Ping, iphini likamongameli wenkampani yezogesi eShanghai ondiza izikhathi ezimbalwa ngenyanga. “Ngihlale nginezinkinga zokuphepha ohambweni lwezindiza, futhi kulezi zinsuku ngize ngikhathazeke ngokuthi abashayeli basesimweni esihle yini. . . . Uma abashayeli bezindiza bebuya izindiza okokugcina [e-Kunming], ngiyazibuza ngokuzayo ukuthi bazokwenza okubi nakakhulu yini.”
Ukaputeni ojwayelekile wenkampani yezindiza ephethwe nguhulumeni njengeChina Eastern wenza imali elinganiselwa ku-$45,000 ngonyaka, kanti abashayeli bamabhanoyi bayingxenye yalokho. Ngezindinganiso ezijwayelekile zamaShayina, leyo yimali enhle. Kodwa ama-aviator aqhathaniswa ezindizeni ezizimele zase-China angazuza okungenani ngo-50% ngaphezulu.
Ngaphezu komholo, abashayeli bezindiza abaningi bathi inyama yabo enkulu yenkomo iyisimiso somsebenzi esijezisayo.
Ngaphansi kwemithetho yaseShayina, izindiza kufanele zinikeze abashayeli bezindiza izinsuku ezimbili ezilandelanayo zokuphumula ngesonto. Kodwa abashayeli bezindiza bathi abaphathi basebenza njalo izinsuku eziyisithupha ngesonto futhi babanqabele esinye isikhathi sokuphumula, okuholela ekukhathaleni nasekuphakamiseni ukukhathazeka kwezokuphepha.
“Enkathini eyodwa yezinyanga eziyisikhombisa, ngangingenalo ngisho nelilodwa ihora le-48 lokuphumula elilandelanayo,” kusho ukaputeni waseChina oneminyaka engu-35 ubudala oyisibongo sikaWu. Umakadebona oneminyaka engu-13, osebenzela enyakatho neChina, akadalulanga igama lakhe eliphelele, wathi ukhathazekile ngokuphindiselela inkampani.
Yize engakukhuthazi okwenziwe ozakwabo eKunming ngoMashi 31 nango-Ephreli 1, uWu uthi uyayiqonda imizwa yabo. Uthi: “Iqolo nokhalo kuhlale kubuhlungu kulezi zinsuku. Usanda kukhipha incwadi yokwesula ngenxa yokudinwa wuhlelo lwakhe olushaqisayo.
I-China Eastern, enye yezinkampani ezinkulu ezintathu zezwe, kanye ne-Air China ne-China Southern, yenqabile ukuphawula.
Ezinye izinkampani zezindiza zisesimweni esifanayo. NgoMashi, okaputeni abangama-40 beShanghai Airlines bacela ikhefu lokugula ngasikhathi sinye. Emasontweni amabili kamuva, okaputeni be-11 East Star Airlines benza okufanayo.
Sebebonke, abashayeli bezindiza abangaba ngu-200, kuhlanganise nabacishe babe ngu-70 eChina Eastern, bathathe izinyathelo zokuqeda izivumelwano zabasebenzi nabaqashi babo. Lokho kuyingxenyana yabashayeli bezindiza abangaphezu kwe-10,000 e-China, kodwa abanye abaningi bangacabanga ukuyeka noma ukushintsha abathwali, uma bekwazi ukukukhokhela.
Iningi labo lisayine izinkontileka zesikhathi eside nezinkampani zezindiza, eziye zafaka umthethosivivinywa wesikole somshayeli nokuqeqeshwa. Lokho kungasebenzisa u-$100,000 umuntu ngamunye.
Zingafuni ukuyeka ukutshala imali, izindiza zifuna abashayeli bezindiza bakhokhe imali efinyelela ku-$1 million ukuze bahambe, kusho uZhang Qihuai, ummeli eBeijing Lanpeng Law Firm, emele abashayeli bezindiza abangama-50 abafuna ukulamula noma bafake amasudi ngokumelene nezindiza eziyisishiyagalombili.
Kuze kube manje, bambalwa asebethole ukukhululeka ezinkantolo noma iziphathimandla zezindiza.
Abahlaziyi banephutha kokubili izindiza kanye nohulumeni ngokuvumela izinto zingahambi kahle.
“Izinkampani zezindiza ebezicabanga ngakho wukwandisa izindiza. Izinkampani ezidayisa izindiza azibaniki abashayeli bamabhanoyi ngazo,” kusho uTian wesikhungo sokuphathwa kwezindiza esingaphansi kukahulumeni. "Uhulumeni kufanele abeke imingcele isibalo sezindiza ezintsha."
U-Zhang uthe akunangqondo ukukhawulela ukuhamba kwabashayeli bezindiza emnothweni wemakethe. Izindiza eziningi, uthi, zisebenza sengathi iChina isewumnotho ohleliwe, lapho abasebenzi bekulindeleke ukuthi bahlale nebhizinisi impilo yabo yonke.
I-China Eastern ezinze e-Shanghai iyinkampani yezindiza yesithathu ngobukhulu ezweni enabagibeli abayizigidi ezingu-39 ngonyaka odlule (cishe abaningi njengosayizi we-US Airways), futhi iyona kuphela enesevisi eqondile esuka e-Los Angeles ukuya e-Shanghai. Umthwali wezikweletu uke wagxekwa ngokungaphathi kahle nobudlelwano nabasebenzi.
Ngemuva kwesiphithiphithi sakamuva sabashayeli bezindiza e-Kunming, i-China Eastern ekuqaleni yagcizelela ukuthi izindiza ezibuyayo zihlobene nesimo sezulu. Lesi sigameko sesiphinde sacekela phansi isithunzi senkampani futhi salimaza nesibalo sabagibeli, kusho abezokuvakasha.
“Manje ngisho noma ezinye izindiza zibambezeleka ngenxa yezinkinga zesimo sezulu, abagibeli ngeke bakholwe,” kusho uTian.
I-China Eastern kanye nezinye izinkampani zezindiza ezingaphansi kukahulumeni nazo zizwa ukushisa ngenxa yokwanda kwabasebenzi abazimele.
I-China Express Airlines, inkampani yangasese esebenza ngokubambisana ezinze eGuiyang eningizimu yeChina, iqale ukusebenza muva nje ngezindiza ezintathu eziqashwe kwaShandong Airlines.
UXu Yin, okhulumela iChina Express, uthi le nkampani ihlela ukwengeza izindiza ezinhlanu kulo nyaka, kodwa akazi ukuthi izobathathaphi abashayeli. Iziphathimandla zezindiza e-China zikhawulele abathwali abazimele ekuyengeni abashayeli bezindiza abavela kwezinye izindiza ngamaphakheji avuma ngokweqile.
I-China Express ithembise ukuqasha abafundi abangu-50 ababhalise esikoleni sokufundisa ngezindleko zabo. Kodwa ngeke balungele ukundiza amajethi okuhweba nganoma yisiphi isikhathi maduze. UXu ubengeke asho ukuthi bazohola malini, kodwa uthi iChina Express ikhokhela ithimba layo lamanje labashayeli bezindiza abangu-30 ngaphezu kwabaseShandong Airlines.
Ezinye izindiza ezizimele zaseShayina ziqashe abashayeli bezindiza bakwamanye amazwe, zikhokha ama- $ 8,000 kuya ku-$12,000 ngenyanga, ngokusho kwabashayeli bezindiza baseShayina, abakhala ngokuthi labo abaqashile basebenza amahora ambalwa kakhulu futhi bajabulela izinzuzo ezifana nesibonelelo sezindlu abashayeli bezindiza baseChina abangase baphuphe ngaso.
"Imizwa yami ngalokho?" kusho uZhang Zongming, ukapteni eHainan Airlines. “Ngizizwa ngingenamandla kakhulu.”
UZhang, 44, wayefuna ukuhamba ngendiza kusukela esengumfana ekhulela eTianjin, idolobha elisempumalanga yeBeijing. Ehlala eduze kwenkundla yezindiza, “Ngangikwazi ukubona izindiza zindiza esibhakabhakeni ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ngakuthanda ngempela lokho,” esho. Ngakho lapho ibutho lamasosha lifika edolobheni lizobuthela abafundi abaphothule esikoleni esiphakeme, wabhalisa.
Wafunda ukundiza kwezempi futhi wajoyina iHainan Airlines ngo-1997.
Eqala njengomshayeli wendiza ongumfundi, wayekujabulela ukuhola cishe u-$600 ngenyanga. Inkampani yezindiza encane inezindiza eziyisithupha kuphela kanye nabashayeli bezindiza abangaba ngu-60, esho. “Yonke inkampani isinikeze umuzwa ochumayo.”
Kepha njengoba iHainan ihlangana nezindiza ezincane, yengeza inqwaba yezindiza namakhulu ezisebenzi, uZhang uthe izinkokhelo zabaqashi zomshwalense wezempilo nezempesheni zivame ukumiswa ngaphandle kwesizathu. Amahora okusebenza anqwabelana. UZhang uthe izicelo zakhe zesikhathi sokuphumula bekunzima ukuthi zigunyazwe.
I-Hainan Airlines, engaphansi kwesifundazwe sase-Hainan, ayizange iphendule izicelo zokuphawula. NgoNovemba, ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-11 nenkampani, uZhang wafaka isicelo sokusula kwakhe. Uthe iholo lakhe elingaphezu kuka-$7,500 ngenyanga alisasho lutho kangako.
“Ngabona ukuthi uma ngiqhubeka nokusebenza ngale ndlela, kuyolimaza impilo yami ngempela.”
travel.latimes.com
