Izindawo zokuvakasha kwezokwelashwa ziye zavela emhlabeni wonke, kusukela eThailand kuya eNingizimu Afrika, ngisho nasemazweni aseYurophu njengeHungary. Imboni ilindele ukukhula okukhulu eminyakeni ezayo, kusukela esilinganisweni sango-2004 sezigidigidi ezingama-40 zamaRandi kuya ku-$100 wezigidigidi ngo-2012, ngokwezibalo ezikhiqizwe yiMcKinsey & Company kanye neConfederation of India.
Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukuvakasha kwezokwelapha kuzoba nomthelela omuhle emnothweni wamazwe okuyiwa kuwo futhi kuzuze abahwebi abanamakhono nabangenawo amakhono ngokufanayo. Isenzakalo sezokuvakasha kwezokwelapha singase futhi sibonise kahle kubatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe abanentshisekelo kulawo mazwe.
Ngezansi, i-NuWire ikhethe izindawo zayo ezi-5 eziphezulu zezokuvakasha kwezokwelashwa ezethula amathuba akhanga kakhulu kubavakashi bezokwelapha nabatshalizimali bangaphandle ngokufanayo. Lezi zimakethe zikhethwe ngokusekelwe kwikhwalithi nokufinyeleleka kokunakekelwa kanye nokwamukela ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe.
Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi izisebenzi zezokwelapha emazweni alandelayo ikakhulukazi zikhuluma isiNgisi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela imigoqo yolimi ayibeki isithiyo esikhulu ezigulini zakwamanye amazwe.
I-1. I-Panama
I-Panama inikeza izindleko eziphansi kakhulu zezinqubo zezokwelapha eningizimu nje yomngcele wase-US. Izindleko, ngokwesilinganiso, ziphansi ngamaphesenti angama-40 kuye kwangama-70 kunezindleko zokuhlinzwa okufanayo e-US, ngokombiko wezokuvakasha kwezokwelapha oshicilelwe yiNational Center for Policy Analysis (NCPA) ngoNovemba odlule. Nakuba izindleko zezinqubo zokwelashwa ngokuvamile ziphakeme uma ziqhathaniswa nalezo zamazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, izindleko zokuhamba ukusuka e-US ukuya ePanama ziphansi kakhulu.
I-Panama iyizwe "eliseMelika" futhi iyindawo ekhangayo kubo bobabili abavakashi abavamile nabavakashi bezokwelapha abangavakashela. I-Panama City iyindawo ephephile futhi yesimanjemanje; idola laseMelika liyimali yezwe esemthethweni, futhi odokotela abaningi baqeqeshwe e-US. Ngakho-ke, iziguli zase-US mancane amathuba okuba zithole izinga eliphezulu lokushaqeka kwamasiko lapho zifuna ukunakekelwa ePanama.
Ukuvakasha kwezokwelapha kufanele kube nomthelela omuhle emnothweni wasePanama, othembele kakhulu embonini yezinsizakalo. Imboni yezokuvakasha yezokwelapha ingasiza futhi ukusebenzisa abasebenzi basePanama abacishe babe yizigidi eziyi-1.5, abanenani eliningi labasebenzi abangenawo amakhono, ngokusho kwe-CIA World Factbook.
Ngokuvamile, iPanama ibonise ukuzibophezela ekuthuthukiseni umnotho wayo ekukhuthazeni ubudlelwano bezohwebo ne-US Kunokuba ibambe iqhaza ku-Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), iPanama yaxoxisana ngokuzimela nesivumelwano sohwebo lwamahhala ne-US ngoDisemba 2006.
Okokugcina, iPanama iveza amathuba anhlobonhlobo okutshalwa kwezimali kwezindlu ezithengiswayo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kusevisi nezimboni eziphathelene nezokuvakasha.
2. EBrazil
I-Brazil isiphenduke i-mecca yamazwe ngamazwe yokuhlinzwa kwezimonyo nepulasitiki. Indlela yayo eya ekudumeni kwezokuvakasha kwezokwelapha yaqala ngo-Ivo Pitanguy, udokotela ohlinzayo wepulasitiki owaziwa umhlaba wonke owavula umtholampilo ngaphandle kwaseRio de Janeiro eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-40 edlule. Kuyimakethe yesibili ngobukhulu yokuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki emhlabeni, ngemuva kwe-US, okungenzeka ukuthi kubangelwa izinga eliphezulu lenkonzo nezindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe.
I-Brazil futhi isiba indawo yokuvakasha yezokwelapha kwezinye izinhlobo zezinqubo ngokwayo. Mayelana nokwelashwa okuvamile, iBrazil inezibhedlela eziningi kunanoma yiliphi izwe ngaphandle kwase-US ezigunyazwe ngokugcwele yi-Joint Commission (JCAHO), okuyinhlangano enkulu kunazo zonke yase-US yokugunyazwa kwesibhedlela, ngokusho kwewebhusayithi yenkampani yesevisi yezokuvakasha yezokwelapha i-MedRetreat.
I-São Paulo, idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Brazil, ithathwa njengenezinye zezibhedlela ezihlome kahle kakhulu emhlabeni, izinqubo zokuhlola ezithuthukisiwe nodokotela abanekhono eliphezulu, ngokusho kwe-BrazilMedicalTourism.com, iwebhusayithi ephethwe yi-Sphera Internacional.
I-Brazil ingafinyelelwa emadolobheni amaningi ase-US phakathi namahora ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayi-12 ngendiza.
I-Brazil ibikezelwa ukuthi izoba ngelinye lamazwe ahamba phambili kwezomnotho emhlabeni ngokuzayo, ngokombono we-BRIC ophakanyiswe nguJim O'Neill wakwaGoldman Sachs. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhakha wezakhiwo waseBrazil ubonakala uvuna ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe.
3. EMalaysia
Imboni yezokuvakasha yezokwelapha yaseMalaysia ibone ukukhula okumangalisayo eminyakeni yamuva nje. Isibalo sabokufika abafuna izinsiza zezempilo eMalaysia sikhule sisuka ezigulini ezingama-75,210 ngo-2001 saya ezigulini ezingama-296,687 ngo-2006, ngokusho kwe-Association of Private Hospitals Malaysia. Inani elikhulu leziguli ngo-2006 laletha imali elinganiselwa ku-$59 million. I-Association of Private Hospitals Malaysia yabikezela ukuthi inani labantu bangaphandle abafuna ukwelashwa eMalaysia lizoqhubeka likhula ngesilinganiso samaphesenti angu-30 ngonyaka kuze kube ngu-2010.
I-Malaysia inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinqubo zokwelapha-okuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa kwamazinyo, izimonyo kanye nokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo-ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu kunase-US E-Malaysia, ukuhlinzwa kwe-cardiac bypass, isibonelo, kubiza cishe u-$6,000 kuya ku-$7,000, ngokusho kwencwadi ekhishwe yi-Tourism Malaysia yokugcina. Novemba.
I-Malaysia iheha abavakashi bezokwelapha nabatshalizimali ngokufanayo ngezinga layo lokushintshisana elivumayo, ukuzinza kwezombusazwe nezomnotho kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokufunda. Izwe liphinde linikeze inethiwekhi ebanzi yezibhedlela nemitholampilo, ngamaphesenti angama-88.5 abantu abahlala endaweni eqhele ngamamayela amathathu nomtholampilo wezempilo kahulumeni noma odokotela abazimele, ngokwezibalo ezicashunwe ku-Hospitals-Malaysia.org.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imakethe yezindlu nezindlu yaseMalaysia inikeza amathuba okuba nembuyiselo ebalulekile.
I-4. I-Costa Rica
ICosta Rica, njengePanama, isiphenduke indawo ethandwayo phakathi kweziguli zaseNyakatho Melika ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okungabizi, okusezingeni eliphezulu “ngaphandle kwendiza ye-trans-Pacific,” ngokusho kochwepheshe abacashunwe e-University of Delaware's UDaily news ngo-2005. Ukuba lula kokuhamba yenze izwe laba yindawo ekhangayo ikakhulukazi ezigulini zaseMelika, njengoba iCosta Rica ingafinyelelwa emadolobheni amaningi ase-US phakathi namahora ayisikhombisa kuya kwangu-10 esikhathi sendiza.
Babalelwa ku-150,000 abantu bakwamanye amazwe abafuna ukunakekelwa eCosta Rica ngo-2006, ngokombiko we-NCPA oshicilelwe ngoNovemba odlule. Ngokuvamile, iziguli zakwamanye amazwe ziya eCosta Rica ngezindleko eziphansi zomsebenzi wamazinyo nokuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki. Izindleko zezinqubo e-Costa Rica ngokuvamile zingaphansi kwesigamu sezindleko zezinqubo ezifanayo e-US; intengo yomshini wamazinyo, isibonelo, ilinganiselwa ku-$350 ePanama, kuyilapho inqubo efanayo ingu-$1,250 e-US, ngokusho kwewebhusayithi ye-Medical Tourism yaseCosta Rica, inkampani yesevisi yezokuvakasha yezokwelapha.
Ukuzinza kwezwe kwezombusazwe, amazinga emfundo ephakeme kanye nezibonelelo zezimali ezinikezwa ezindaweni zokuhwebelana mahhala kuhehe ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwamanye amazwe, ngokusho kwe-CIA World Factbook. Uhulumeni waseCosta Rica ubonakala ethatha izinyathelo zokuqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe ezweni; ngo-Okthoba 2007, inhlolovo kazwelonke yavotela i-US-Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA). Ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo ngoMashi 2008 kufanele kuphumele esimweni sokutshala imali esithuthukisiwe.
I-5 I-India
I-India, ngokungangabazeki, inezindleko eziphansi kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu yazo zonke izindawo zokuvakasha zezokwelapha , ngokombiko wezokuvakasha kwezokwelapha oshicilelwe yiNational Center for Policy Analysis (NCPA) ngoNovemba odlule. Izibhedlela eziningi zigunyazwe yi-Joint Commission International (JCI) futhi zisebenzisa odokotela abaqeqeshwe kakhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha obusezingeni eliphezulu. Kodwa i-India ingena endaweni yesihlanu ohlwini lwethu kunokuba iqale ngenxa yenani lemikhawulo ebekwe kubatshalizimali bangaphandle kanye nebanga amaMelika okufanele alihambe ukuze afike lapho.
Umkhakha wezokuvakasha kwezokwelapha ukhula ngokushesha, cishe iziguli zakwamanye amazwe ezilinganiselwa ku-500,000 ezivakashela eNdiya ukuze zizothola usizo lwezokwelapha ngo-2005, uma kuqhathaniswa neziguli ezilinganiselwa ku-150,000 ngo-2002, ngokusho kochwepheshe abacashunwe e-University of Delaware's UDaily news. Ngokwezimali, ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi ukuvakasha kwezokwelapha kungaletha i-India imali efinyelela ku-$2.2 billion ngonyaka ngo-2012.
I-India isiyindawo eyaziwa kakhulu yabavakashi bezokwelapha ngezinqubo zenhliziyo nezamathambo. Esikhathini esedlule, iziguli zaseMelika ziye zaya e-India ukuze ziyokwenza izinqubo ezifana nokuvuselela inqulu yase-Birmingham, ebingatholakali ngaphambilini e-US, futhi esanda kugunyazwa yi-FDA. Izivakashi zezokwelapha nazo ziya eNdiya ngezinqubo ezithwala izindleko eziphezulu e-US; isibonelo, Isibhedlela i-Apollo eNew Delhi sikhokhisa u-$4,000 ngokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, kuyilapho inqubo efanayo izobiza cishe u-$30,000 e-US.
Nakuba i-India isithathe izinyathelo ezinqala zokuba “indawo yezempilo yomhlaba wonke” eyacatshangwa uNgqongqoshe wezeziMali u-Jaswant Sing esabelweni sezimali sezwe sika-2003, leli zwe lisabhekene nezinkinga ezinjengokuchichima kwabantu, ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo, ubumpofu nezingxabano zobuhlanga nezenkolo. Izinkinga ezinjalo zingavimba ezinye iziguli ukuthi ziye eNdiya ukuze zithole ukunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Lokho uhulumeni waseNdiya akubekele abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe nakho akukaqinisekwa. Nakuba uhulumeni enciphise izilawuli zohwebo lwangaphandle kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, inqubekelaphambili ekhulayo ezinguqukweni zezomnotho isathiya ukufinyelela kwamanye amazwe emakethe yaseNdiya enkulukazi nekhulayo, ngokusho kwe-CIA World Factbook.
I-India ikleliswe njengenye Yezindawo Eziphezulu Eziyishumi Ezokuvakasha Ezisafufusa nguMkhandlu Womhlaba Wezokuvakasha Nezokuvakasha ngonyaka odlule.
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