USanjeev Gupta ucabanga ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuthi i-Afghanistan ekhungethwe yimpi ibe nemboni yezokuvakasha ekhoneni elinokuthula lezwe.
UGupta, ongumphathi wezinhlelo zesifunda senhlangano ezimele, i-Aga Khan Foundation, uthi nakuba ezinye izindawo ziguquguquka kakhulu ukuthi ungavakashelwa, iBamiyan emaphakathi ne-Afghanistan iphephile futhi inomnotho omningi wamasiko, umlando kanye nemvelo ukuheha abavakashi bamazwe ngamazwe.
"I-Bamiyan inamandla amaningi ezivakashi," kusho uGupta. “Kumele silungise umbono we-Afghanistan. Izwe lonke aliyona ingozi.”
I-Aga Khan Foundation, ezinze e-Geneva, idale i-Bamiyan Ecotourism Project ukuze ithuthukise ingqalasizinda yezivakashi, abaqondisi bezitimela, abapheki nabanikazi bamahhotela, futhi iqwashise ngezinto ezihehayo zemvelo zesifunda. Kungu-$1 million, uhlelo lweminyaka emithathu.
Ukuthengisa okunzima
AbakwaGupta bayavuma ukuthi umsebenzi wokusungula imboni yezokuvakasha kuwumsebenzi onzima ngisho nasesifundazweni esiphephile njengeBamiyan.
Kusukela ekuhlaselweni kweSoviet ngo-1979 kanye neminyaka engamashumi amathathu yempi, bambalwa abavakashi abaye bavakashela e-Afghanistan. Izwe laseMelika kanye nabanye ohulumeni abaningi baseNtshonalanga bakhiphe izeluleko zokuhamba ezidikibalisa kakhulu uhambo olungabalulekile lokuya e-Afghanistan. Futhi azikho izindiza zezentengiso. Abavakashi kufanele bahambe uhambo lwamakhilomitha angu-150, amahora angu-10 ukusuka e-Kabul emgwaqeni owubhuqu okhuphukela phezulu ezintabeni ze-Koh-i-Baba ezimbozwe yiqhwa ngaphambi kokucwila esigodini esiluhlaza sase-Bamiyan. Omunye umgwaqo ulawulwa yi-Taliban, eyaxoshwa ekuhlaselweni okuholwa yi-US ngo-2001.
Kodwa abakwaGupta babona uhlelo lwesikhathi eside. “Akukhona ukuthi lolu hlelo siyaluqala namuhla kusasa kuseza izinkumbi zezivakashi,” usho kanje. "Kodwa yakha isisekelo."
Ukuqiniseka, i-Bamiyan isivele iyindaba yempumelelo esikhathini se-post-Taliban.
Cishe azinawo ama-opium poppies, amasimu ka-Bamiyan agcwele izitshalo zamazambane. Sekwakhiwe izikole eziningi, kanti amantombazane angamaphesenti angama-45 abafundi bezifundazwe, asuka cishe ku-zero ngo-2001 ngaphansi kweTaliban eyisisekelo. Ngokuphambene kakhulu, izikole ezingama-590 zivaliwe eningizimu ye-Afghanistan kanti abafundi abangu-300,000 basale bengenawo amakilasi ngenxa yokuhlasela kweTaliban, ngokusho kwe-Associated Press.
Umlando wabavakashi
Futhi i-Bamiyan inayo ingqalasizinda yezokuvakasha. Kusukela ezinsukwini zomgwaqo oyinganekwane kaSilk Road oxhumanisa iRome neChina, lesi sifundazwe besiyisizinda sabavakashi bamazwe ngamazwe kusukela ku-Alexander the Great kanye noGenghis Khan kuya kunkosikazi wokuqala uLaura Bush. NgoJuni, unkosikazi wokuqala wahlangana nabesifazane abaqeqeshwa esikhungweni samaphoyisa futhi bavakashela lapho kwakhiwa khona ikhaya lezintandane.
Abanikazi bezitolo zetiye emaphethelweni echibi elilodwa bathi ngoLwesihlanu, impelasonto yamaSulumane, indawo yokupaka igcwala inqwaba yezimoto - eziningi ezemindeni yase-Afghan epikica.
Eminyakeni edlule, iningi labavakashi beza ukuzobona izithombe ezimbili ezinkulu zikaBuddha, ezingamamitha angu-174 namafidi angu-125, ezakhiwa ekhulwini leminyaka ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwe-Islam emaweni e-sandstone abomvu eminyakeni eyi-1,500 edlule. Ngaleso sikhathi, iBamiyan yayiyisikhungo esichumayo sobuBuddha.
Ngo-2001, lapho unamandla amakhulu, uhulumeni wamaTaliban wasebenzisa amarokhethi namathangi ukucekela phansi izimpawu zezwe zamaBuddha, ababezibheka njengezithixo zabangakholwayo.
Manje, i-Bamiyan ifuna umlando wayo ubuye.
Phusha ukuze wakhe kabusha
UGov. Habiba Sarabi - okuwukuphela kombusi wesifazane e-Afghanistan - uthi uthemba ukuthi okungenani esinye sezithombe eziqoshiwe zikaBuddha sizokwakhiwa kabusha, iphrojekthi enzima izinhlangano ezimbalwa eziye zanikela ngemali, kodwa lokho kusalinde ukugunyazwa koMnyango Wezamasiko. EKabul, imibono ihlukene phakathi mayelana nokuthi ukubuyiselwa komlando wekhulu lesithupha langaphambi kwe-Islamic yase-Afghanistan kuwuhlelo olufanele yini.
I-Bamiyan futhi izishaya isifuba ngepaki kazwelonke yokuqala yase-Afghanistan, indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angu-220 ezungeze i-Band-i-Amir - amachibi ayisithupha aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka afakwe phakathi kwezindawo ezimbi zesihlabathi. Ukufika lapho, nokho, kuthatha amahora amathathu ngemoto engu-4×4 emgwaqeni onamatshe phakathi kwezidumbu ezigqwalile zamathangi aseSoviet nezintaba ezinobude obungamafidi angu-10,000 ezingakasuswa ngokuphelele emabhomuni agqitshwayo. USarabi uthemba ukuthi ngolunye usuku umgwaqo oyitiyela uzoxhumanisa iKabul neBand-i-Amir.
“Ezokuvakasha zingaletha imali eningi kanye noshintsho olukhulu ezimpilweni zabantu,” kusho yena.
Kepha u-Abdul Razak, obehleli endaweni yokudlela engenalutho yehhotela lakhe i-Roof of Bamiyan Hotel enamakamelo angu-18, uthi ukuvakasha kusekude ukuhamba ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. “UBamiyan (ezokuphepha) ulungile, kodwa ngaphandle kwaseBamiyan kubi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kubavakashi ukuthula.”
NgeSonto lakamuva, uPei-Yin Lew, umfundi wezokwelapha wase-Australia oneminyaka engama-22, ujabulele ukuzola kwamachibi e-Band-i-Amir esiqiwini esisha.
"Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko engangifuna ukuza e-Afghanistan ukuthi ngizobona lawa machibi," esho, emi ngaphezu kochungechunge lwamachweba aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. “Kuhle ngempela lapha.”
Afghanistan ezokuvakasha
Ukungaqini kahle kwezepolitiki e-Afghanistan kuphazamise imboni yayo yezokuvakasha esafufusa.
Selokhu kwawa amaTaliban ngo-2001, azikho izibalo ezithembekile, kodwa izikhulu zemboni ziyavuma ukuthi izivakashi zehle kakhulu ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula.
Ukuqhuma kwebhomu kule nyanga ngaphandle kweNxusa laseNdiya eKabul kwashona abantu abangu-41, kanye nokuhlasela kukaJanuwari ehhotela lezinkanyezi ezinhlanu okuwukuphela kwalo kwenhloko-dolobha kunciphise ibhizinisi ngamaphesenti angu-70, ngokusho kuka-André Mann, umsunguli weGreat Game Travel Co. eKabul, okunikeza uhambo lokuzidela olwenziwe ngezifiso.
“Izinto zingashintsha ngokushesha,” kusho uMann. “Sike saba nezingqinamba. Sidikibele kancane, kodwa sinethemba lokuthi u-2009 uzoba ngcono.”
Izeluleko zokuvakasha zase-US
UMnyango Wezwe uyaqhubeka nokuxwayisa izakhamuzi zase-US ngokuvakashela noma iyiphi indawo yase-Afghanistan.
“Ayikho ingxenye ye-Afghanistan okufanele ibhekwe njengengavikelekile odlameni, futhi amandla akhona ezweni lonke ngezenzo ezinobutha, eziqondiswe noma ezingahleliwe, ezibhekiswe kubantu baseMelika kanye nabanye abantu basentshonalanga nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
"Kunosongo oluqhubekayo lokuthumba nokubulala izakhamizi zase-US kanye nabasebenzi beNhlangano Engekho ngaphansi Kukahulumeni (NGO) ezweni lonke."
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