Umthetho wokuhamba: Uma izinambuzane zihlasela amakamelo amahhotela

Ecaleni likaJames, iNkantolo yaphawula ukuthi “Ummangali u-Michelle James ubeyisivakashi e-Harrah's Resort Atlantic City…ngemuva kokuba yena nomngane wakhe…banikezwe igumbi lehhotela lamahhala yi-Resort…Ummangali wavuswa phakathi nobusuku 'ukuluma nokuvutha okukhulu' futhi wathola izimbungulu 'zisakazeke embhedeni wakhe' ngemva kokuba ekhanyise izibani futhi ekhipha ishidi eliphezulu embhedeni wakhe wasehhotela.

Kulesi sihloko saleli sonto, sihlola icala likaJames v. Harrah's Resort Atlantic City, 2016 WL 7408845 (DNJ 2016) elibandakanya izinsolo zesivakashi sehhotela zokulimala ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo okubangelwa izimbungulu. Ecaleni likaJames iNkantolo yaphawula ukuthi “ummangali uMichelle James usola ukuthi uthole izimbungulu ngesikhathi ehlala e-Harrah's Resort Atlantic City… Empeleni, Ummangali uthi ihhotela lalifeza umsebenzi walo wokunikeza izivakashi indawo ephephile futhi lehluleka ukuqeqesha ngendlela efanele. abasebenzi ngendlela yokuthola futhi babike izimbungulu, okubangela lapha ubuhlungu obukhulu nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo okuhlala njalo. Okusalindile manje ngaphambi kweNkantolo isiphakamiso sabamangalelwa sokuthi singabandakanyi uchwepheshe wommangali…kanye nesicelo sommangali sesinqumo esifingqiwe esiyingxenye yezimangalo nezindaba ezithile ecaleni”. Bheka futhi: Cerreta v. Red Roof Inns, Inc., 2016 WL 4611689 (MD Pa. 2016)(izimbungulu; isiphakamiso sokuteleka isidingo somonakalo wokujezisa sinqatshelwe njengokungakabi yisikhathi uma kungekho ukutholakala).

Ukuvuselelwa Kokuqondiwe Kobuphekula

Dusseldorf, eJalimane

Ebantwini abaningana abalimele ngesikhathi behlaselwa ngembazo esiteshini sesitimela eDusseldorf, etn.travel (3/9/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi “Amaphoyisa aseDusseldorf abophe okungenani abantu ababili kulandela ukuhlaselwa ngembazo esiteshini esikhulu sesitimela… abantu bekubonakala ukuthi balimele kulokhu kuhlasela…'Basanda kungena lapha bagasela ngembazo. Ngibone izinto eziningi empilweni yami, kodwa angikaze ngiyibone into enje. Uqala nje ukushaya abantu ngembazo'”.

IKabul, e-Afghanistan

E-Mashal nase-Abed, Ngemva Kokuhlasela Okuyingozi Esibhedlela SaseKabul, 'Yonke indawo Yayigcwele Igazi', nytimes.com (3/8/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi “Oshayasibhamu abebezifihle njengabasebenzi bezokwelapha bagasele esibhedlela esikhulu samasosha eKabul ngoLwesithathu. , kwashona okungenani abantu abangu-30 kwalimala inqwaba ekuhlaselweni okwashiwo yi-Islamic State futhi kwagqamisa isimo sezokuphepha esintengantengayo sezwe. Amasosha ase-Afghan azabalaze amahora ayisikhombisa ukuze aphume esibhedlela esigcwele abantu futhi aqede ukuvinjezelwa, kwashona bonke abaphehli balokhu kuhlasela ngesibindi”.
Ukuvuselelwa Kwezokuvakasha

E-Kanter, Abameli Bezomthetho Be-EU Bacela Ukuphela Kokuhamba Kwamahhala Kwabantu BaseMelika, i-nytimes.com (3/3/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “IPhalamende LaseYurophu liphasise isinqumo esingabophi esifuna ukwethulwa kabusha kwezidingo ze-visa ezakhamuzini zaseMelika, iphakamisa izingqinamba empini ethathe isikhathi eside yokwenqaba kwe-United States ukunikeza imvume yokungena mahhala kwizakhamuzi zamazwe amahlanu e-European Union… ngaphandle uma abaphathi bakaTrump bephakamisa izimfuneko zokuhamba
izakhamizi zaseBulgaria, eCroatia, eCyprus, ePoland naseRomania”.

E-Thrush, Ukuvinjelwa Okusha Kokuhamba kukaTrump Kuvimba Abafuduki Abasuka Ezizweni Eziyisithupha, Esindisa I-Iraq, nytimes.com (3/6/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Umyalelo omusha uqhubekile nokubeka ukuvinjelwa kwezinsuku ezingama-90 kubahambi, kodwa wayisusa i-Iraq, ukuhlehliswa okucelwe uNobhala Wezokuvikela uJim Mattis, owayesaba ukuthi kuzokhinyabeza ukusebenzelana ukuze kunqotshwe umbuso wamaSulumane…Kuphinde kukhululwe abahlali baphakade kanye nabanikazi bama-visa njengamanje, futhi yehlisa ulimi olunikeza isikhundla esikhethekile kwabashushiswayo abayizinkolo, umbandela ohunyushwa kabanzi ngokuthi uvuna ezinye izinkolo. amaqembu phezu kwamaSulumane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhoxise ukuvinjelwa okungapheli kwababaleki abavela eSyria, esikhundleni salokho kwaba yiqhwa kwezinsuku eziyi-120 ezidinga ukubuyekezwa nokuvuselelwa”.

E-Denney, I-Travel Ban Foes Vow to Press Cases in Wake of New Executive Order, newyorklawjornal.com (3/6/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Ummeli Jikelele waseNew York u-Eric Schneiderman kanye nabanye abaphikisana nomyalo wokuqala wokuphatha kaTrump ovimbela ukuhamba ukusuka. amazwe athile anamaMuslim amaningi kanye nokumisa uhlelo lwababaleki base-United States bafunga ukuthi bazolwa nomthetho wesibili olinganiselwe omenyezelwe ngoMsombuluko”. Icala lithi Darweesh v. Trump, 17-cv480 (EDNY). Bheka futhi isihloko esithi IRAP v. Trump (SD Md.).

EBurns, iHawaii Imangalela Ukuvimba Ukuvinjelwa Kokuhamba kukaTrump; I-First Challenge to Order, ku-nytimes.com (3/8/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Izinqubomgomo zikaMongameli Trump zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe zibhekane nezinselelo ezimbili ezintsha enkantolo ngoLwesithathu, njengoba ummeli waseHawaii esola ukuthi uMnu. umyalo wakhe wokuphatha odwetshwe kabusha ovimbela ukuhamba emazweni amaningi aseMuslin. Futhi eCalifornia, ummeli wedolobha laseSan Francisco ucele ijaji lombuso ukuthi likhiphe umyalo ovimba omunye umyalelo wesikhulu osongela ukuhoxisa uxhaso lwamadolobha abizwa ngokuthi amadolobha angabambisani kakhulu nezikhulu zezomthetho ezithinta abokufika”.

Iziphathimandla zika-Uber “Zezimpunga”

Ku-Isaac, Indlela i-Uber Ikhohlisa Ngayo Iziphathimandla Emhlabeni Wonke, nytimes.com (3/3/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “i-Uber isineminyaka ihlanganyela ohlelweni lomhlaba wonke lokukhohlisa iziphathimandla ezimakethe lapho isevisi yayo yokugibela ibhayisikili yayibiza kancane. baphikiswa abomthetho noma, kwezinye izimo, bavinjelwa. Uhlelo, olubandakanya ithuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi i-Greyball, lisebenzisa idatha eqoqwe ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Uber nezinye izindlela ukuze kuhlonzwe futhi kugwenywe izikhulu ebezizama ukubamba insizakalo yokugibela i-ride-hailing. I-Uber isebenzise lezi zindlela ukugwema iziphathimandla emadolobheni afana ne-Boston, Paris ne-Las Vegas, nasemazweni afana ne-Australia, i-China ne-South Korea. I-Greyball ibiyingxenye yohlelo olubizwa nge-VTOS, okufushanisiwe 'ngokwephulwa kwemigomo yesevisi' olwadalwa i-Uber ukuze iqede abantu eyayicabanga ukuthi bayayisebenzisa noma iqondise isevisi yayo ngokungafanele. Uhlelo, okuhlanganisa neGreyball, luqale ngo-2014 futhi lusasetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwase-United States. I-Greyball ivunywe ithimba lezomthetho le-Uber. I-Grayball nohlelo lwe-VTOS lwachazwa ku-New York Times ngabasebenzi abane bamanje nabangaphambili be-Uber...Ukusebenzisa kuka-Uber i-Greyball kwaqoshwa kuvidiyo ngasekupheleni kuka-2014...Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Uber isanda kuqala isevisi yayo yokugibela isitimela ePortland ngaphandle kokufuna imvume. edolobheni, kamuva elathi le nsizakalo ayikho emthethweni. Ukwakha icala ngokumelene nenkampani, izikhulu ezifana (noMnu. X nabanye) zazizenza abagibeli, zivula uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Uber ukuze zidumise imoto futhi zibukele izimoto ezincane esikrinini zenza indlela yazo ebheke ezindlekweni ezingase zibe khona. Kodwa akwaziwa (uMnu. X nabanye)…ezinye zezimoto zedijithali abazibona kuhlelo lokusebenza bezingamele izimoto zangempela. Futhi abashayeli be-Uber abakwazile ukubadumisa nabo bakhanselwa ngokushesha. Lokho kwakungenxa yokuthi u-Uber wayemake (uMnu. X nabanye) -empeleni uGreyballing kubo njengezikhulu zedolobha-ngokusekelwe kudatha eqoqwe ohlelweni lokusebenza nangezinye izindlela. Le nkampani ibe isinikeza uhlobo lomgunyathi lohlelo lokusebenza, olugcwele izimoto eziyizipoki, ukuze igweme ukubanjwa. Esikhathini lapho i-Uber isivele icutshungulwa isiko layo lendawo yokusebenza elicindezela imingcele, ukusebenzisa kwayo ithuluzi leGreyball kugcizelela ubude inkampani ezohamba kubo ukuze ilawule imakethe yayo. Sekuyisikhathi eside i-Uber yephula imithetho nemithethonqubo ukuze ithole umkhawulo ngokumelene nabahlinzeki bezokuthutha abagxilile, imodus operandi esisize ukuyiyisa emazweni angaphezu kuka-70 kanye nenani elilinganiselwa ku-$70 billion”.

E-Wakabayashi, i-Uber Ifuna Ukuvimbela Ukusetshenziswa Kwe-Greyball Ukuze I-Thwart Regulators, ku-nytimes.com (3/8/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi “Inkonzo yokugibela i-Uber ithe ngoLwesithathu izovimbela abasebenzi ukuthi basebenzise uhlelo olubizwa nge-Greyball ukuze vimbela abalawuli. Inqubomgomo entsha ye-Uber ephathelene nokusetshenziswa kwe-Greyball, ithuluzi inkampani eyakhiwe ukuze ibonise izinguqulo ngazinye zohlelo lwayo lokusebenza, iza ngemva kwe-athikili ye-New York Times eyaphuma.

I-Uber Namacala Okuhlukumeza

E-Manjoo, I-Uber Case Lingaba I-Watershed for Women in Tech, nytimes.com (3/1/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Bambalwa abesifazane eSilicon Valley abamangazwe izambulo mayelana ne-Uber ezichazwe kule nyanga nguSusan Fowler, isoftware. unjiniyela oshicilele isiko lokucwasa ngokobulili nokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi athe walwa nakho ngonyaka wakhe enkampanini yokugibela. Kwabesifazane abaningi e-Silicon Valley, ama-contours wendaba kaNkz. Fowler abe yiqiniso ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho okudabukisayo. Kunezinganekwane ezifana nezakhe kuyo yonke imboni yezobuchwepheshe...Noma kunjalo, ihlazo le-Uber lizwakala lihlukile. Kuzwakala njengomfula wamanzi. Kubameli bokuhlukahluka kobulili embonini yezobuchwepheshe, izinsolo zikaNkz. Fowler, kanye nesikhalo esisesidlangalaleni abasishiyile, kunikeza ithuba lokuthi okuthile okusha kuzokwenzeka. Yini engenzeka? Okuthile okusha: Lokhu kungase kube isiqalo somzamo ojulile wesikhathi eside nophelele wokwenza kabusha isiko okwase kuyisikhathi eside libeke eceleni abesifazane-hhayi nje kwa-Uber kodwa kulo lonke ibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe, futhi...Okwamanje, uhlobo lwe-Uber lusagugile. Ibhekane nochungechunge olude lwamahlazo nezingxabano ezisukela ekulweni kwayo okunonya nabalawuli kanye nezimbangi. Amakhasimende enqaba ukunikeza inzuzo yokungabaza…ambalwa aqala ukuzivikela”.

Isimo Sengqondo sika-Uber ENairobi

Ngokwesimo sengqondo somphathi we-UBER othathwa njengembangela yezinxushunxushu, etn.travel (3/2/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Iholide lomshado labashayeli be-UBER eNairobi seliphelile ngokusobala njengoba abashayeli sebebuyele emigwaqweni kulandela esinye isiteleka, okuhloswe ngaso phoqa inkampani ukuthi ibakhokhele amanani aphezulu futhi ithathe ikhomishini encane. Ukuncintisana enhlokodolobha yaseKenya, okuhlanganisa neLittle Rides, esekelwa inkampani yezokuxhumana iSafaricom, kuphoqe abaphathi bendawo yakwa-UBER ukuthi babuyekeze amanani entengo ehle ukuze kuvikelwe isabelo sabo semakethe, kodwa lesi sinyathelo sibangele igazi elibi kubashayeli babo ngokushesha. Uma kubhekwa ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zikaphethiloli eKenya, kanye nezinye izingcindezi zokwehla kwamandla emali, abashayeli baveze ukuthi ngaphandle kokuthi banikezwe idili elingcono kunaleso elinikezwa yinkampani njengamanje, bangase balahle i-UBER futhi baphinde babe abaqhubi abazimele noma bajoyine amanye amaqembu”.

Hamba Uzungeza Inyanga

E-Chang, i-SpaceX Ihlela Ukuthumela Abavakashi Aba-2 Around Moon ngo-2018, nytimes.com (2/27/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi i-SpaceX, inkampani ye-rocket enezifiso eholwa ngu-Elon Musk, ifuna ukuthumela izivakashi ezimbalwa enyangeni futhi emuva eMhlabeni ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka ozayo. Uma bekwazile lokho, abagibeli bangaba abantu bokuqala ukungena emkhathini kude kangaka eminyakeni engaphezu kwengama-40…'Lokhu kungaba wumjikelezo omude enyangeni', kusho uMnu. Musk…Laba bantu ababili bazochitha isikhathi esingangesonto. ngaphakathi kwelinye lamaphilisi e-SpaceX's Dragon 2, ethulwe ku-SpaceX's falcon Heavy rocket. Umkhumbi-mkhathi wawuzosebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa abahambi babezoqeqeshelwa izimo eziphuthumayo. (Izindleko zizoba) 'Ingaphezulu kancane kunezindleko zemishini yabasebenzi esiteshini sasemkhathini' esho. I-Falcon Heavy yona inohlu lwenani lamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-90”.

Ukubuyisela Izixhobo Zokusebenza eMaldives

E-Billock, Okubalulekile Okusha Okubalulekile Kwezindawo Zokungcebeleka Zasolwandle: Ukubuyisela Izixhobo Zokungcebeleka, nytimes.com (2/23/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Ngo-April odlule (uNksz X) wema ogwini lolwandle eMaldives ezizwa ekhungathekile. Izixhobo zamakhorali zaziba mnyama, ziphenduka isipoki esinamakhorali ampofu, agxilile…(UNksz X) uyisazi sezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle ehlala e-Outrigger Konotta Maldives Resort. Uphethe ukubambisana kwendawo yokungcebeleka nethimba lendawo lokucwila emanzini kanye ne-German Museum of Oceanography and Fisheries ohlelweni olubizwa nge-Outrigger Ozone, uhlelo oluklanyelwe ukwakha kabusha kanye nokutshala kabusha izixhobo zamakhorali ezilimele esiqhingini esincane sale ndawo. Ukufiphala kuka-April kwaba okwakamuva ochungechungeni lokufudumala kwembulunga yonke-kanye nokuhlasela okuhlobene nabantu emanzini; lona uhlasele udonga abesevele esebenzele ukululungisa, ebuyisela emuva inqubekelaphambili yakhe kakhulu”.

Car Free Amaholide

E-Glusac, Amaholide Amahhala Ezimoto ze-Urban Traveller, nytimes.com (2/20/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Uhambo lwangempelasonto oluya emadolobheni afana ne-Boston, Chicago noma i-San Francisco akuvamile ukuthi ludinge imoto eqashiwe ukuze ihambe, uma kubhekwa kabanzi. izinhlelo zokuhamba zomphakathi. Kodwa izindawo eziningi ezingalindelekile zijoyina uhlu ongazikhethela lona njengoba izinketho ezintsha nezinwebekayo zezokuthutha zithatha izimpande ezweni lonke. Izinhlelo eziningi zezokuthutha ezinkulu, njengalezo zaseNew York, zandulela ukubakhona kwezimoto futhi zisebenza ezindaweni zasemadolobheni eziminyene. Manje, amadolobha amancane naminyene kancane, njengeDenver, angeza izitimela nezimoto zomgwaqo. Ngisho nezindawo ezisondelene kakhulu nezimoto, njengeDetroit neLos Angeles, zilungisa kabusha amanethiwekhi okuthutha uma esekhishiwe ukuze kuvuleleke amaFord, amaChevy namaChryslers”.

Khipha i-Yoga Mat

E-La Gorce, To Court Millennials, Hotels Are Rolling Out The Yoga Mat, nytimes.com (2/27/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “ucwaningo luphinde lwabonisa ubuhlakani bokusebenzisa ubungqabavu ukuthengisa kubahambi beminyaka eyinkulungwane. Ocwaningweni lwe-tracker yokuhamba ehlobo olwenziwa ngonyaka odlule yi-American Express Travel, amaphesenti angama-49 ezinkulungwane zeminyaka athe afuna indawo yokuzivocavoca njengenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ehhotela. Amahhotela abelokhu eya kuleyo ndlela. I-American Hotel and Lodging Association ithole ukuthi amaphesenti angu-85 amahhotela anezindawo zokuzivivinya ngonyaka odlule, asuka kumaphesenti angu-63 ngo-2004. Amaketanga amahhotela afana ne-Even, enamahhotela ayisithupha nayisihlanu ahamba phambili anamagumbi aqala cishe u-$199 ngobusuku, enza okwengeziwe. kunokunikeza izinketho zokufaneleka. Yonke into kusukela kuma-smoothies aluhlaza asetshenziswa esitolo sayo se-Cork & Kale kuya ezikhwameni ezinezikhala ezinikezwa izivakashi ezizofaka izingubo zazo ezijulukile-ezimpahleni zibuyiswa zigeziwe, zomisiwe futhi zigoqwe phakathi namahora amabili- kulungiselelwa umqondo wokuthuthukisa impilo”.

Isihloko Somthetho Wokuhamba: Icala likaJames

Ummangali uyavuma ukuthi wawahlola amashidi ngaphambi kokulala futhi uyavuma ukuthi akazange abone noma yiziphi izimbungulu ngaleso sikhathi...Ummangali wathatha izithombe ezimbalwa zezimbungulu azithole embhedeni wakhe wafonela ideski elingaphambili ekhalaza...Indawo Yokungcebeleka. wamyisa ekamelweni elisha embhoshongweni ohlukile…Ummangali ufake umbiko wesigameko sesivakashi endaweni yokungcebeleka ebika ngesigameko sesiphazamisi sombhede”.

I-Harrah's Bed Bug Protocol

“Umthetho kaHarrah ophathelene nezimbungulu ngesikhathi sesigameko soMmangali ngo-2013 wawumi kanje: uma osebenza egumbini lezivakashi ethola inkinga yezimbungulu ngesikhathi ehlanza igumbi, kwakufanele abikele umphathi, oqaphele igumbi. ukuze i-Ecolab, isevisi yokulawula izinambuzane, ihlole futhi yelaphe ngosuku olulandelayo olutholakalayo. Uma isivakashi sibika inkinga ngezimbungulu, ideski elingaphambili lazisa ukugcinwa kwendlu, okuphawula igumbi lika-Ecolab (owayefika) Ehhotela njalo ekuseni, ngoMsombuluko kuya kuLwesihlanu, futhi ahlole futhi aphathe amagumbi okubikwe ukuthi anezinkinga zezinambuzane... I-Ecolab ikhiqize owayo umbiko obhala ngezinkinga zezinambuzane”.

Azikho "Izicupho Zesiphazamisi"

“Abakwa-Harrah abazange basebenzise iziboniso zamacansi noma ezinye ‘izinto zokuvalela iziphazamisi zombhede, noma izicupho’ emakamelweni abo ehhotela futhi amagumbi ayengenazo izexwayiso ezibhaliwe eziya kubavakashi ukuze bahlole izimbungulu ekamelweni. Ngokusho kommangali, u-Harrah uthole 'Imibiko Yesigameko Esihlobene Nezinambuzane Ezingu-84 kusukela ngo-2012-2013, Izikhalazo Eziyisishiyagalolunye Zokuphoqelela Ikhodi ezivela e-Atlantic City Code Enforcement, kanye namakhulu ama-invoyisi okuhlola e-Eco-Lab omsebenzi ohlobene neziphazamisi zombhede' kodwa wehluleka ukuhlanganisa noma iyiphi yalezo. amarekhodi njengengxenye yerekhodi eliphambi kwale Nkantolo ngeziphakamiso ezisheshayo”.

Abagcini Bezindlu Baqeqeshiwe

“Abanakekeli basendlini kaHarrah baqeqeshelwe ukuhlonza nokubhekana nezimbungulu, futhi abaphathi ‘babehlale… bekhuluma ngokuvimbela izimbungulu’…Ukuqeqeshwa kwezimbungulu kwanikezwa ngevidiyo…Abasizi abasha begumbi lezivakashi babe namasonto amabili okuqeqeshwa kwansuku zonke kusukela ngo-9- 5 ENdaweni Yezokungcebeleka lapho beqala…Ukuqeqeshwa kokulandelela kuyadingeka kubo bonke abakhonza egunjini lezivakashi 'njalo ngonyaka kabili ngonyaka'”.

Ukulimala Kommangali

“Ummangali ulahle izinto zakhe eziningi ngesikhathi ebuya ekhaya evela lapho ayehlala khona…Walunywa ehlombe lesokunxele nasesihlakaleni, okunye okwashiya izibazi ezingapheli. 'Usahlushwa ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwengqondo, ukululazeka, ukukhathazeka, amaphupho amabi nokuqwasha ngenxa yalesi sigameko' futhi 'unenkinga enkulu yokulala ekamelweni elimnyama futhi unenkinga yokulala ubusuku bonke'”.

I-Daubert Motion

“Abamangalelwa bafuna ukuvimba ummangali ukuthi akhulume ngombiko kachwepheshe wakhe futhi avale ubufakazi bakhe ngesikhathi sokuqulwa kwecala…Abamangalelwa baphikisa ngokuthi uMnu. Sutor akafaneleki ukunikeza umbono wakhe mayelana nezinqubomgomo zezimbungulu zehhotela ngoba ulwazi lwakhe 'luseduze, kodwa empeleni ayihlanganisi, isihloko sobufakazi bakhe…uMnu. USutor uyavuma ukuthi akakaze asebenze ekunakekeleni indlu noma enkampanini yokuqothula abantu ... futhi akayena uchwepheshe ekulawuleni izimbungulu futhi kwadingeka enze ucwaningo lwakhe ukuze alungiselele umbiko wakhe wochwepheshe. Abamangalelwa baphinde baveze ukuthi uMnu. Sutor uyavuma ukuthi akazi ukuthi yini, ikakhulukazi, eyenziwa uHarrah ukuze anakekele izimbungulu…futhi akazi, futhi akenzanga ucwaningo mayelana nezinkonzo zika-Ecolab zokuhlola nokuqothula ezinikezwa abakwa-Harrah. Izindawo zokungcebeleka”.

Imibiko Yochwepheshe Bommangali Ishayiwe

“Ngaphezu kokuntuleka kwemfundo kukaMnu. Sutor, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nolwazi ezindabeni zezempilo yomphakathi, kanye nokuntuleka kwendlela enokwethenjelwa esekelwe emibonweni mayelana nezinkambiso zemboni ekulweni nezimbungulu emahhotela, umbono onikeziwe nawo unenkinga yokuntula 'kufanela'. Isidingo sokuthi umbono wochwepheshe kufanele uvumelane nezimo zecala uqinisekisa ukuthi umbono okhethekile wofakazi uhlobene nendawo efanele yophenyo yecala. Indawo yokuqala yokuntula izimo eziyiqiniso-unikeza umbono mayelana nokushiyeka okucatshangwayo ngaphandle kokwazi nokucabangela umthetho olandelwayo ka-Harrah wezimbungulu kanye nemvelo yezinsizakalo zika-Ecolab emakamelweni ezivakashi zika-Harrah. Ingxenye yesibili yokuntuleka kokufaneleka iphathelene nesihloko ngokwaso: UMnu. Sutor, onolwazi kwezokuphepha ehhotela, uzama ukuveza ngaleyo ndlela icala lesiphazamisi njengonogada futhi unikeza imibono ngalokho uMnyango wezokuphepha wommangalelwa okufanele ngabe ukwenzile. Icala liveza, esikhundleni salokho, udaba lokukhucululwa kwendle kanye nempilo ekutholeni nasekuqedeni izinambuzane emakamelweni amahhotela. UMnu. Sutor kuyavunywa ukuthi akanalo ulwazi lokubhekana nezinkinga ezinjalo”.

Isimangalo Sokuhlupha

“Ummangali ufuna isinqumo esifingqiwe mayelana nezicelo zakhe eziwuhlupho, ukwephulwa kwenkontileka, ukwephulwa kweziqinisekiso nezenzo zebhizinisi ezinonya, ngamabomu nangenhloso kanye nasezindabeni ezihlanganisa nembangela yokulimala kommangali… yancisha ummangali ukusetshenziswa okuphephile, okunempilo nokunethezekile' Kwendawo Yokungcebeleka kanye nokuthi 'izimo eziyingozi nezinephutha' zeNdawo Yezokungcebeleka 'zaba inkathazo futhi zaveza ukuphazamisa okungenangqondo ekusebenziseni kommangali nokujabulela igumbi lehhotela'…Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umbhede wabamangalelwa iphrothokholi yesiphazamisi ihlanganisa ukwehluleka ukwenza okuthile okuholele ;ekuphazamisekeni okuhlosiwe nokungenangqondo' ekusebenziseni kommangali igumbi lakhe lasehhotela kuveza umbuzo oyiqiniso osele kangcono ukuthi uqulwe icala”.

Ukwephulwa Kwenkontileka

“Izinhlangothi ziyaphikisana ngokuthi ngabe inkontileka yasungulwa ngokusemthethweni yini phakathi kommangali kanye ne-Harrah's Resort futhi ngenxa yalokho iNkantolo izosichitha isicelo sommangali sokukhipha isinqumo esifingqiwe ngokwephulwa kwesicelo sakhe senkontileka. Izinhlangothi ziyaphikisana ngokuthi kukhona yini 'umhlangano wezingqondo' mayelana nemibandela yenkontileka okuhloswe ngayo, ukuthi ukukhokha izintela nezinkokhelo egumbini lehhotela elithokomele kungaba yini ukucatshangelwa okuvumelekile nokuthi, uma ukhona, umonakalo oyisinxephezelo owenziwe Ummangali...ngisho noma Inkontileka idalwe ngokusemthethweni, Ummangali akakafinyeleli umthwalo wakhe wokufakaza ukuze abonise ukuthi ukuba khona kwezimbungulu ekamelweni lakhe lehhotela kuwukwephulwa kwanoma isiphi isikhathi esithile saleyo nkontileka. Lezi zingxabano ziletha imibuzo ukuze ijaji liyixazulule.”

Ukuphulwa Kweziqinisekiso

“Isimangalo sokwephulwa kweziqinisekiso zommangali sivela enkolelweni yakhe yokuthi u-Harrah wenza, futhi wehluleka ukwenza, 'izithembiso ezicacile nezingacacile' zokuhlinzeka ngehhotela eliphephile nelihlalwayo elinabasebenzi abanakekela indlu ababeqeqeshwe ngokwanele. Isimangalo sommangali sibonakala siphakamisa izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zokuphulwa kwezimangalo zesiqinisekiso: ukwephulwa kwewaranti ecacile kanye nokwephulwa kwesiqinisekiso esishiwo sokuhlala...Ngenxa yokuthi imibuzo eyiqiniso isala phezu kokuthi, yini, uma ikhona, 'iziqinisekiso, izithembiso noma izincazelo' zezindawo zokungcebeleka zase-Harrah's ezenziwe, futhi noma ngabe lezozethulo zingathathelwa izinyathelo ngokwephulwa kwesimangalo sesiqinisekiso noma ukukhukhumala okungaphezulu, Inkantolo izosiphika isicelo soMmangali sesinqumo esifinyeziwe (ekwephuleni iwaranti ecacile. Nokho, ukwephula kommangali isimangalo esishiwo sewaranti kuchithiwe kusukela) Ayikho inkantolo yaseNew Jersey esisibonile. isenzo sokwephulwa kwewaranti eshiwo yisivakashi sehhotela”.

Imikhuba Yebhizinisi Enonya

“Isimangalo sommangali esinonya…imikhuba yebhizinisi sisekelwe ezinsolweni zokuthi 'Abamangalelwa bakweleta ummangali umsebenzi wokunakekela…ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho lutho oluphazamisa ngokungafanele ukusebenzisa nokujabulela kwesivakashi igumbi laso lasehhotela, ukuze labo bantu banikezwe indawo ephephile. …nokuqinisekisa ukuthi igumbi lehhotela ngalinye alinaso isihlava sombhede' nokuthi Abamangalelwa baphule lowo mthwalo wemfanelo, phakathi kokunye, 'ngokwazi futhi ngamabomu' behluleka ukuqasha, ukuqeqesha nokwengamela abasebenzi abanakekela indlu kanye nezokuphepha, ngokwehluleka ukugcina ukunakekelwa okufanele. izinqubo ezikhona zokuvimbela izigameko zezimbungulu ukuthi zingaphinde zenzeke; futhi ngokunciphisa isabelomali sayo nokunciphisa abasebenzi basehhotela…

(Ngokuqaphela ukuthi i-New Jersey Supreme) yenqabile ngokusobala ukuvuma isimangalo 'kwi-prima facie tort' (iNkantolo iphinde yathi) noma ngabe lesi sibalo sethule isimangalo esiqondakalayo, ummangali akavezanga bufakazi bokuthi Ummangalelwa uhileleke kunoma yikuphi ukuziphatha okuhlosiwe. yakhe ngokukhethekile”. Isinqumo esifingqiwe sinqatshiwe.

U-Thomas A. Dickerson uyi-Associate Justice ethathe umhlalaphansi ye-Appellate Division, uMnyango Wesibili Wenkantolo Ephakeme Yesifunda SaseNew York futhi useneminyaka engu-41 ebhala ngoMthetho Wokuhamba okuhlanganisa nezincwadi zakhe zomthetho ezibuyekezwa minyaka yonke, Umthetho Wokuhamba, I-Law Journal Press (2016), Ukumangalela Ukuhlukumeza Kwamazwe Ngamazwe Ezinkantolo ZaseMelika, i-Thomson Reuters WestLaw (2016), Izenzo Zekilasi: Umthetho Wezifundazwe ezingama-50, i-Law Journal Press (2016) kanye nezindatshana zezomthetho ezingaphezu kuka-400 eziningi zazo ezitholakala ku-nycourts.gov/courts/9jd/taxcertatd. shtml. Ukuze uthole izindaba ezengeziwe zomthetho wokuvakasha nentuthuko, ikakhulukazi, emazweni angamalungu e-EU bheka i-IFTTA.org

Lo mbhalo awunakukhiqizwa kabusha ngaphandle kwemvume kaThomas A. Dickerson.

Funda eziningi ze- Izindatshana zikaJustice Dickerson lapha.