Izisulu, vele, yizakhamizi zaseGeorgia kanye nesifunda saso saseNingizimu Ossetia esahlubuka, esibanjwe empini ekhulayo phakathi kwamasosha aseGeorgia namabutho aseNingizimu Ossetian kanye nomsekeli wabo onamandla waseRussia. Amakhulu kusolwa ukuthi abulawa ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kwaseGeorgia kanye nezinsuku ezimbili zezimpi ezinzima ezingakhombisanga zimpawu zokudamba ngasekupheleni kukaMgqibelo, kanti izinkulungwane zabanye zibhekene nenkinga yokusiza abantu. Kepha impi eqale ukushuba eGeorgia njengoba abaholi bomhlaba bephathwa ngendlela yomcimbi wokuvulwa kwama-Olympics aseBeijing ingaba yinselelo enkulu kakhulu ekulinganisweni kwamandla kwangemva kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi selokhu kwawa iSoviet Union.
I-Georgia kanye ne-South Ossetia sebenezikwele ngokuthula okungakhululekile iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, manje, kusukela isifunda sahlukana ne-Georgia ekuqaleni kwawo-90s, kulandela ukuzimela kwayo eSoviet Union. Ngemuva kwempi eyathatha isikhathi eside eyabulala abantu ababalelwa ku-1,000 futhi yaxosha izinkulungwane zabantu baseGeorgia endaweni, iGeorgia yaphoqeleka ukuthi isayine isivumelwano sokumisa umlilo esashiya iSouth Ossetia - indawo encane enezintaba izinkundla zebhola ezimbalwa ezincane kuneRhode Island - ezizimele, kodwa ayikwazi ukuvikela ukuqashelwa wumphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe. Noma kunjalo, iRussia isivikele lesi sifunda, ihlinzeka ngezezimali, ukuvikelwa kwezempi ngisho namaphasipoti, futhi isebenzise ukuhlukaniswa kweSouth Ossetia, kanye naleyo yase-Abkhazia, esinye isifunda saseGeorgia esihlubukayo, njengesisekelo esiphikisana nesifiso sikaTblisi sokujoyina i-NATO. IMoscow ibona umnyakazo weGeorgia ubheke kuNATO njengengxenye yesu lokuzungeza iRussia ngamandla aseNtshonalanga, nalapho umfelandawonye waseNtshonalanga wenza ukuthi iKosovo ihlukane neSerbia ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukuzimela kwayo akubonwa yiNhlangano Yezizwe, abahlaziyi abaningi kulindeleke I-Russia ukuthi iziphindiselele ngokuqhubeka nokubhebhezela imililo yokuhlukana eGeorgia.
UMongameli waseGeorgia uMikhail Saakashvili unohlelo oluhlukile - wawina ukhetho ngo-2004 ngesithembiso sokubuyisela izindawo ezahlubuka, futhi ajoyine i-NATO. Usondelene kakhulu ne-US kangangokuba iGeorgia namuhla inamasosha angama-2,000 XNUMX e-Iraq, okuyiqembu lesithathu ngobukhulu ngemuva kwe-US neBrithani, yize iTbilisi manje isiveze ukuthi kuzofanele ilethe okungenani ingxenye yawo ekhaya ukuze ibhekane nenkinga yezokuphepha e-Iraq. INingizimu Ossetia. Kodwa izenzo zakamuva zomholi waseGeorgia zizofundwa ngabathile njengokuklama ukuphoqa isandla samalungu e-NATO amadolonzima ukucindezela udaba lokunikeza ubulungu eGeorgia ngenxa yokwesaba ukuvusa ukuhlehla kweRussia. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokudlubulundela emngceleni ongekho emthethweni phakathi kwamabutho akhe nalawo ahlukanisile, umholi waseGeorgia waqala ukuhlasela okwakuhloswe uhulumeni wakhe, “ukubuyisela ukuhleleka komthethosisekelo,” okungukuthi, ukulawula. nguhulumeni omkhulu, eNingizimu Ossetia. Ngokusobala, okucasulayo kwakuwukugembula, ngoba uSaakashvili kufanele abe nokungabaza okuncane mayelana nokulungela kweMoscow ukuvikela iNingizimu Ossetia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhulu ze-NATO zazixwayise ngokuphindaphindiwe uhulumeni waseGeorgia ngokuqalisa noma yimuphi umzamo wokuxazulula le ngxabano ngezindlela zezempi. Noma kunjalo, waphikelela phambili.
NgoLwesihlanu, amabutho aseGeorgia ahlasele izikhungo zabantu baseNingizimu Ossetian futhi aqala ukuhlasela endaweni ejulile. Emini, imibiko yezindaba yamemezela ukuthi base bemise ingxenye enkulu yamaqembu aphikisayo futhi sebelawule inhloko-dolobha yaseNingizimu Ossetia, iTskhinvali. Idolobha lahlaselwa kanzima yizindiza, izikhali nezikhali, kanti izikhulu zaseNingizimu Ossetia zathi bangaphezu kuka-1,000 abantu asebebulewe. Noma kunjalo, umbani ohlaselayo ubonakale ubuyisele iGeorgia emuva ekulawuleni isifunda esihlubukayo, futhi yenze kahle isithembiso sikaSaakashvili somkhankaso. Lokhu kucasula kwathinta imigubho engalawuleki enhloko-dolobha yaseGeorgia, iTbilisi.
Impendulo yokuqala yeRussia kwaba ukubiza iseshini ephuthumayo yoMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN, ngethemba lokudlulisa isinqumo sokuthi kumiswe ukudubulana ngokushesha phakathi kweGeorgia neSouth Ossetia. Kodwa i-United States nabanye baphikisana nolimi olwalubonakala lukhulula iRussia ekusolweni ngokusebenzisa amandla. I-Russia ihlale isolwa ngokudicilela phansi isifunda ukuze izizuzise yona nokusebenzisa umbutho wayo wokugcina ukuthula njengesembozo sokugcina amasosha esifundeni. UMkhandlu Wezokuphepha wehlulekile ukuvumelana ngesinqumo, futhi ngakusasa, njengoba abezindaba baseRussia beqala ukubika izisulu zamasosha aseRussia kanye nezakhamuzi zaseSouth Ossetia, uMongameli onobuso obuqinile uDmitri Medvedev wavela kumabonakude wakudala ezohlaba ikhwelo. izikhali: "Nginesibopho sokuvikela impilo nodumo lwezakhamizi zaseRussia, noma ngabe ziphi," esho. “Ngeke sibayeke bangajeziswa labo ababulala abantu bakithi.” Futhi ngalokho, izikhali zaseRussia nezikhali zaqala ukutheleka eNingizimu Ossetia, futhi indiza yayo yaqala ukuqhumisa amabhomu ezindaweni zaseGeorgia. NgoMgqibelo, bekunemibiko engqubuzanayo yokuthi yiluphi uhlangothi olulawula iSouth Ossetia, kodwa izindiza zaseRussia zazishaye idolobha eliseduze laseGeorgia iGori, ekugaseleni okuthe izikhulu zaseGeorgia zibulale abantu abangama-60.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umphumela wawuhlosiwe noma cha, iMoscow manje ibonakala isebenzisa ukweqisa kwamasu kaSaakashvili ukufundisa isifundo esinonya hhayi nje kwabaseGeorgia kuphela, kodwa nakwabanye omakhelwane abafuna ukuzihlanganisa neNtshonalanga ngokumelene neRussia. Manje u-Saakashvili ucela ukusekelwa kwaseNtshonalanga. "Sekusungulwe udlame oluphelele ngokumelene neGeorgia," esho, efuna ukungenelela kwaseNtshonalanga. Kodwa uma kubhekwa izexwayiso zangaphambilini ze-NATO, ukuzibophezela kwayo kwezinye izindawo kanye nokungabaza kwamazwe amaningi angamalungu ayo ukuphikisa iRussia, kusengenzeka ukuthi iGeorgia izothola okungaphezu kokusekelwa ngamazwi kubavikeli bayo abaseNtshonalanga. U-Saakashvili ubonakala ebukele phansi ubukhulu be-Russian backlash, futhi walinganisela ngokweqile izinga lokusekelwa angathembela kulo okuvela e-US kanye nabalingani bayo. Umholi waseGeorgia kungenzeka ukuthi wayelindele ukuthi iWashington isukumele phezulu ekuzivikeleni kwakhe, ikakhulukazi njengoba izwe lakhe ligxile kwezepolitiki yamandla - iGeorgia ukuphela kwendlela eya eRussia njengendlela yepayipi elithwala uwoyela libheke entshonalanga lisuka e-Azerbaijan. Kepha iRussia ayisongeli ngokudlula iGeorgia. I-Moscow ithi imane isebenzisa amasosha ayo ukubuyisela umngcele wokuhlukana, okuzobhekana neSaakashvili ngokuhlulwa okuhlazisayo.
Nakuba umphumela wawo usazonqunywa, awukho umphumela wokuwina emdlalweni owethulwe yiGeorgia ngenhloso yokubuyisela iSouth Ossetia. Kuphakathi kokuthi uSaakashvili uyawina, noma uyawina iMoscow. Ngaphandle uma i-US kanye nabalingani bayo babonisa isifiso esingathandeki kakhulu sokubhekana neRussia ethukuthele futhi evuka kabusha egcekeni layo, imali ehlakaniphile izoba seMoscow.
