Ezokuvakasha zingomunye wemikhakha emithathu yokukhula ucwaningo lwakamuva mayelana nezimboni ezizimele zaseVanuatu ezihlonziwe. Ezokwakha nezolimo ezinye ezimbili.
“Inani labavakashi abafika ngendiza lenyuke cishe ngamaphesenti ayi-14 ngo-2007 nangaphezu kwamaphesenti ayi-16 ngo-2008,” kusho umbiko othi 'Sustaining Growth: A Private Sector Assessment for Vanuatu'. Ucwaningo lwenziwe yi-Asian Development Bank (ADB).
“Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi naphezu kokuntenga komnotho emhlabeni wonke, izivakashi ezifika ngendiza ngoJanuwari 2009 zaziphakeme ngamaphesenti angama-28 kunangoJanuwari 2008.
“Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kuye kwaba nokukhula okukhulu kwenani lemikhumbi evakashela iVanuatu: inani labafikayo liye laphindeka kathathu kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.
“Ubufakazi obungajwayelekile buveza ukuthi lezi zenyuka cishe ngamaphesenti angama-40 ngo-2008 ngemuva kokukhula ngamaphesenti angama-60 ngo-2007.
“Inani elandayo lezivakashi zemikhumbi yokuvakasha libuya kamuva njengezivakashi, okubonisa kahle ukukhula kwezokuvakasha esikhathini esizayo.”
IVanuatu ibonakala iphumelele nayo ekuheheni izivakashi ezisebenzisa imali eningi, kusho umbiko.
Ukwengeza, izinqubomgomo ezithuthukisiwe eziqondiswe embonini ezimele zibe nesandla ekukhuleni kwezokuvakasha, ikakhulukazi ngokususwa kokubambelela kwe-Air Vanuatu ezinsizeni zezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe.
“IVanuatu isanda kuvula imakethe yayo yezokuthutha emoyeni ezinhlanganweni zezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe, nokudala ukuncintisana okuholele ekwehleni kwezindleko zezindiza kanye nokufika okuphezulu kwezivakashi,” kusho umbiko we-ADB.
“Izibalo zakamuva zikhombisa izinga lalokhu kwanda: izivakashi ezifika kwamanye amazwe zikhuphuke cishe ngamaphesenti angama-30 ngo-January 2009 kunangoJanuwari 2008.
“Le miphumela iqinisa ubuhlakani bokuvulela izwe izinkampani zezindiza zakwamanye amazwe futhi ikhombise izinzuzo zokuncintisana okukhulu.
"Kwesinye isinyathelo esihle - nangenxa yengcindezi ebekwe inkampani yezindiza ngokuncintisana okukhulu - uhulumeni ucubungula izinketho zokuhlela kabusha i-Air Vanuatu."
Ukususa ama-monopoli, lo mbiko uthe kusebenze nasemkhakheni wezokuxhumana waseVanuatu.
Osebenza ngomakhalekhukhwini waphesheya kwezilwandle-i-Digicel-inikezwe ilayisensi yokusebenza okwaholela ngokushesha - njengoba kwenzeka ngezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe - ekwehlisweni kwezindleko zefoni.
Izindleko ze-inthanethi eVanuatu, nokho, kuthiwa ziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni, kutholwe ucwaningo lwe-ADB.
"Kodwa-ke, uhulumeni usanda kumemezela ukukhishwa kwamalayisensi amathathu amasha okuhlinzeka nge-inthanethi nezinye izinsiza zokuxhumana okufanele ziholele ekutholeni izinsiza ezingcono kanye namanani aphansi."
Ibhange linxuse uHulumeni waseVanuatu ukuthi aqhubeke nenqubomgomo yakhe yokukhulula umkhakha wezokuxhumana wezwe, kanye nokuqhubekela phambili nokwakhiwa kabusha kwe-Air Vanuatu kanye “nokukhulula imizila yezindiza yasekhaya edinga uxhaso lokusebenza (njengoba kwenziwa ngempumelelo eFiji).”
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaphathi, izinsizakalo zokulawula ukuhamba kwezindiza, ukulwa nomlilo kanye nokuphepha kwezindiza ezikhumulweni zezindiza ezintathu zamazwe ngamazwe (i-Port Vila, i-Santos ne-Tanna) kufanele zikhishwe ngaphandle.
“Izikhumulo zezindiza 'zisesimweni' esihle, kodwa amanani aphezulu esikhumulweni sezindiza kanye nomthamo olinganiselwe kwehlisa ukuncintisana kweVanuatu njengendawo yokuvakasha.
“Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani ethwala izindiza kuzwelonke, i-Air Vanuatu, isalokhu idonsa kanzima kwisabelomali sezwe.”
Uhulumeni, lo mbiko utuse, kufanele asebenze ngokushesha ekugcineni uxhaxha lwemigwaqo yakhe futhi andise isabelomali sokulungiswa kwemigwaqo.
Imisebenzi yokulungisa kufanele yenziwe futhi kwakhiwe ichweba elisha le-Port Vila, inhloko-dolobha.
“Imboni yemikhumbi yakuleli idinga ngokuphuthumayo ukuthuthukiswa kwemithetho yayo, imithetho kanye nokuphepha kanye nokwenyuswa kwezinsiza eziqhingini ezingaphandle kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zokudoba. Amachweba okuhweba anezindleko eziphezulu kakhulu ePacific nakuba ukusebenza kwawo kahle kuphakathi kweziphansi kakhulu futhi uxhaxha lwemigwaqo lunganele futhi alunakekelwa kahle.”
Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda, umbiko we-ADB uphinde wanxusa uHulumeni waseVanuatu ukuthi aqhubeke nenqubomgomo yakhe yokwenza ngcono ukubusa, ukunqanyulwa kwemithetho, ukwenza imithetho neziqondiso zezohwebo zibe zesimanjemanje, ukwandisa ukufinyelela kwezezimali kanye nokulungisa kabusha izinhlelo zokuqashisa umhlaba.
LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:
- The bank urged the Vanuatu Government to continue its policy of liberalizing the country's telecommunications sector, as well as push on with the restructure of Air Vanuatu and “franchise out the domestic air routes that require operating subsidies (as was done successfully in Fiji).
- Ukwengeza, izinqubomgomo ezithuthukisiwe eziqondiswe embonini ezimele zibe nesandla ekukhuleni kwezokuvakasha, ikakhulukazi ngokususwa kokubambelela kwe-Air Vanuatu ezinsizeni zezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe.
- The commercial ports have the highest costs in the Pacific even though their efficiency is among the lowest and the road network is inadequate and poorly maintained.
