Isikolo, inombolo ephakathi kuka-0 no-1, senziwa ekubalweni kwengozi yabantu yokuba nomdlavuza kunoma yisiphi isitho sokugaya ukudla okusekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo zofuzo ezingu-141 (izinguquko kukhodi ye-DNA) ezivame kakhulu kubantu abanalesi sifo. Lokhu okubizwa nge-polygenic risk score ibe seyengezwa ekubalweni kwengozi efanayo okusekelwe ezicini eziyi-16 zendlela yokuphila ezaziwa ngokukhulisa amathuba abantu okuba nomdlavuza wamathumbu, okuhlanganisa ukubhema, ubudala, kanye nokuthi ingakanani i-fiber yokudla nenyama ebomvu edliwayo.
Amazinga omdlavuza wamakholoni nowamarectal abelokhu enyuka phakathi kwabantu abadala abasebasha e-United States, kanye nakwamanye amazwe amaningi. E-US kuphela, amanani anyukile minyaka yonke ukusuka ku-2011 kuya ku-2016 ngo-2% kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50.
Iholwa abacwaningi e-NYU Langone Health kanye ne-Laura kanye ne-Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Centre, ucwaningo olusha lubonise ukuthi labo abanezibalo eziphezulu kakhulu, noma eziphezulu zesithathu, ezihlangene ze-polygenetic kanye nemvelo engozini babe namathuba aphindwe kane okuba nomdlavuza we-colorectal kunamadoda nabesifazane abaye uthole amaphuzu endaweni yesithathu ephansi.
"Imiphumela yethu yocwaningo isiza ukubhekana namazinga akhuphukayo omdlavuza we-colorectal phakathi kwabantu abadala abasebasha e-United States nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile, futhi ikhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuhlonza labo abasengozini enkulu yalesi sifo," kusho umphenyi omkhulu wocwaningo uRichard Hayes, PhD, DDS, MPH.
Ishicilelwe kuJournal of the National Cancer Institute online Jan. 13, lolu cwaningo lubandakanya ukuqhathaniswa kwabantu abadala abangu-3,486 abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50 ababa nomdlavuza wamathumbu phakathi kuka-1990 no-2010 nezinsizwa nezintokazi ezifanayo eziyi-3,890 ezingenaso lesi sifo. Bonke bebebambe iqhaza ocwaningweni lokuqapha abantu abanomdlavuza eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu, kwa-Israel nase-Australia.
UHayes, uprofesa eMnyangweni Wezempilo Yabantu kanye Nezokwelapha Ezemvelo e-NYU Grossman School of Medicine, uxwayisa ngokuthi ithuluzi lethimba lakhe alikakalungeli ukusetshenziswa emtholampilo. Ngaphambi kokuthi yamukelwe kabanzi, uthi kuyadingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ezivivinyweni ezinkulu zokucwenga imodeli, ichaze ukuthi ingasetshenziswa kanjani kangcono ngodokotela, futhi ikhombise ukuthi, uma isetshenziswa, uhlelo lokushaya amaphuzu lungavikela ukugula nokufa.
UHayes uthi akukacaci ukuthi kungani inani lomdlavuza we-colorectal likhula kubantu abadala. Ngokuphambene, izinombolo zamacala phakathi kwabadala asebekhulile zehle kakhulu ngenxa yentuthuko ekuhlolweni kanye nokwanda kokususwa kwezitshalo ezisolwayo ngaphambi kokuba zidlulele kumdlavuza.
Noma kunjalo, uyaphawula, umdlavuza we-colorectal ubulala abantu abangaphezu kuka-53,000 njalo ngonyaka e-United States. Futhi kungalesi sizathu i-American Cancer Society kanye neziqondiso zombuso manje zincoma ukuqala kokuhlolwa okujwayelekile lapho uneminyaka engama-45.
"Umgomo wethu omkhulu uwukuba nokuhlolwa okubikezelayo ukuze bonke abantu balinganise lapho bona, ngokusekelwe ezicini zabo zofuzo kanye nempilo yomuntu siqu, badinga ukuqala ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile komdlavuza we-colorectal," kusho uHayes. Odokotela, ngokufanelekile, badinga ithuluzi elingasetshenziswa kudala ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zakuqala, njengobuhlungu besisu, ukuncipha kwegazi, nokopha komgudu.
Uphenyo lwakamuva luhlaziye idatha eqoqwe ezifundweni zomdlavuza eziyi-13 e-United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Israel, nase-Australia.
Njengamanje, bangaphezu kuka-150,000 abantu baseMelika abatholakala minyaka yonke benomdlavuza we-colon kanye ne-rectum.
LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:
- Before it can be widely adopted, he says further testing is needed in larger trials to refine the model, describe how it can best be used by physicians, and demonstrate that, when used, the scoring system can in fact prevent illness and death.
- The score, a number between 0 and 1, is made from a calculation of people’s risk of developing cancers in either digestive tract organ based on 141 genetic variants (changes in the DNA code) more common in people with the disease.
- Iholwa abacwaningi e-NYU Langone Health kanye ne-Laura kanye ne-Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Centre, ucwaningo olusha lubonise ukuthi labo abanezibalo eziphezulu kakhulu, noma eziphezulu zesithathu, ezihlangene ze-polygenetic kanye nemvelo engozini babe namathuba aphindwe kane okuba nomdlavuza we-colorectal kunamadoda nabesifazane abaye uthole amaphuzu endaweni yesithathu ephansi.
