I-Costa Rica ibona uhlangothi olumnyama lwezemvelo lwezokuvakasha

I-Playa Grande, e-Costa Rica – Ngobusuku obuthule ngo-February, lapho amazinga okushisa ebusika ehla ngaphansi kweziro eNyakatho Melika, izimfudu zasolwandle ze-leatherback ezilingana nezinqola zegalofu zagibela kulolu lwandle olushisayo ukuze zizalele amaqanda azo.

Kodwa ukuhambahamba nje kwesihlabathi, edolobheni elichumayo lama-surf e-Tamarindo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha okubalekayo kushintsha ulwandle lube indle evulekile.

Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lamanzi okwenziwa yi-Water and Sewer Institute (AyA) yezwe ngonyaka odlule kwathola ukungcoliswa kwendle ngaphezu kwamazinga abhekwa njengaphephile yi-United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Ukungqubuzana okunjalo manje sekuyingxenye yempilo yansuku zonke lapha, njengoba le-ecohaven elingana ne-West Virginia izabalaza ukubhekana nokwanda kwezokuvakasha nentuthuko okuphindwe kathathu kunesilinganiso somhlaba.

“Siyakwamukela eCosta Rica abagqugquzeli abafuni uzwe ngakho,” kusho uGadi Amit, umholi ongakhathali weqembu labashisekeli bendawo elibizwa ngokuthi iGuanacaste Brotherhood Association.

Eshumini leminyaka elidlule, ukwakhiwa kwamahhotela, amakhaya esibili, nezindlu zemijondolo kuye kwanda kakhulu ezifundeni ezisogwini, kusetshenziswa ithuba elingenalutho ekuhleleni nasekuqiniseni umthetho. Ingqikithi yendawo eyakhiwe yakhula ngamaphesenti angu-600 ngaleso sikhathi, ngokombiko kahulumeni.

Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo osekunesikhathi eside ziheha izivakashi ziyashabalala, kusho ososayensi. Izinkawu nezimfudu ziyehla, futhi ingqalasizinda idonsa kanzima yaze yacishe yanqamuka.

Manje uchungechunge lwezinhlekelele zemvelo ezishaqisayo selubangele ukuthi uhulumeni abanjwe umdonsiswano phakathi kwabatshalizimali nezazi zemvelo abafuna ukuvikela imithombo yemvelo.

“Lokhu kumahhala kubo bonke,” kusho uMnu. Amit, “futhi kuza ngokulahlekelwa imiphakathi yendawo kanye nemvelo. Uma okuthile kungenziwa maduzane … ngeke sibe khona isizathu esisele sokuthi izivakashi zize lapha.”

Umbiko we-Costa Rica we-State of the Nation ohlonishwa kakhulu, ongakhethi hlangothi wasakaza ilondolo engcolile yezwe ngoNovemba odlule, okwathusa abezindaba kanye nomphakathi.

Izibalo zembula ukuthi amaphesenti angu-97 endle yaseCosta Rica agelezela emifuleni, emifudlaneni, noma olwandle engahlanjululwanga, nokuthi amathani kadoti angaphezu kuka-300,000 2006 ashiywa engaqoqwanga emigwaqweni ngo-20. ezweni lapho kuna imvula engamafidi angama-XNUMX ngonyaka.

Naphezu kwezinxushunxushu, angaphansi kwengxenye yesine yamadolobha asogwini anezinhlelo zokuklama izindawo zokulinganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha nezinsiza zemvelo kanye nezinsiza zikahulumeni ezifana nokukhuculula indle kanye nokuphakelwa kwamanzi omphakathi.

Ababhali balo mbiko baphethe ngokuthi uhulumeni “untula ukuzibophezela okucacile kwezepolitiki” ekunciphiseni umthelela kwezemvelo, nokuthi abatshalizimali bamane “bengenasithakazelo.”

Ukuphoqelela ukuxoxisana ngezindaba sekuphenduke inkulumo-ze yomnyakazo wezwe okhulayo wezemvelo. Izishoshovu zomphakathi ziyahlela, zifake amacala, zifuna ukuthi kube nemingcele yentuthuko, futhi ziphikelela nelungelo labo elikumthethosisekelo “lendawo enempilo.”

Ngonyaka odlule, ukuqubuka kwemibiko ethusayo kwaqinisekisa ukwesaba kwabo.

Inani lezinkawu, okuyizimpawu zamahlathi emvula nendawo eheha izivakashi ezikhangayo, lehla ngamaphesenti alinganiselwa kwangu-50 esikhathini esingaphezudlwana nje kweshumi leminyaka, ngokombiko wamuva nje weqembu lososayensi bezilwane zasendle.

Esifundazweni esisenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeGuanacaste, amahhotela okunethezeka namakhondomu kwakungakaze kuzwakale ngakho. Kodwa eduze nalolo gu oluchumayo, olusanda kugcotshwa njengeGold Coast, izindawo zokulala ezinjalo sezivamile.

Le ntuthuko esabalele, enotshani obulungiswe kahle kanye nenkundla yegalufu, ikhiqiza ukugeleza okunesobho, okunomsoco okuphakela i-caulerpa sertularioides, uhlobo olunolaka lolwelwe oluqothula izixhobo zamakhorali eGulf of Papagayo.

“Kuyinhlekelele yemvelo,” kusho isazi sezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle uCindy Fernández, owachitha iminyaka ebhala uhlu lomonakalo.

Izimfudu zasolwandle, enye intandokazi yezivakashi, nazo zisongelwa. Inani labantu bezilwane ezifuywayo ezisengozini yokushabalala liye lehla ngamaphesenti angu-97 eminyakeni engu-20, kusho ososayensi. Nakuba izinsongo ze- leatherback ezibhekana nazo zisukela ekudobeni kuya ekufudumaleni komhlaba, ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi intuthuko, ikakhulukazi eduze namabhishi okufulela kuwo izidleke e-Costa Rica, ingase ibe utshani bokugcina.

Uhulumeni uye waphuza ukuhlangana nofudu lokuvikela.

“Wonke umuntu ukhathele,” kusho uFrank Paladino, isazi sezinto eziphilayo futhi oyiphini likamongameli we-Leatherback Trust, inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ezinze eNew Jersey eyaqoqa izigidi zamaRandi ukuze ivikele izimfudu. Leli qembu, elikhungathekile futhi lizwa ingcindezi evela kubaxhasi, lisanda kwephula isivumelwano esinesikhathi eside sokuqoqwa kwezimali noMnyango wezeMvelo kuleli. “Asikwazi ukuqhubeka silindele uhulumeni waseCosta Rica ukuba enze okufanele,” kusho uDkt. Paladino.

Isixazululo, siyavumelana nezishoshovu eziningi nososayensi, ukuhlela kangcono nokuvikela okuqinile kwemvelo.

“Asiceli ukumisa yonke intuthuko,” kusho uJorge Lobo, uprofesa wase-University of Costa Rica. "Esikudingayo ukuthi sithathe ikhefu, ukuze omasipala bethu basogwini bakwazi ukubamba umoya, babeke izinhlelo nemithetho yokuklama izindawo, bese beqala kabusha, kodwa ngezinga elisimeme." USolwazi Lobo uhole icala lokumiswa kwentuthuko ezindaweni ezibucayi e-Osa Peninsula, okuyisifunda ososayensi abathi siziqhenya ngamaphesenti angu-2.5 ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.

Ukusakazwa kwabezindaba kwasekhaya nabakwamanye amazwe kungase kucindezele izwe ukuthi lijike.

Iziqondiso zokuhamba, okuhlanganisa nochungechunge lwe-“Lonely Planet”, zihole indlela. Uhlelo lwakamuva kakhulu luyaxwayisa: “Uma noma ubani ofunda lokhu ecabanga ukuthi iCosta Rica iyipharadesi elingokoqobo lapho ukongiwa kwemvelo kuhlala kuza kuqala kunezinzuzo zonxiwankulu ..., zifundise….”

Kepha uMichael Kaye, ukufakelwa kabusha kwaseNew York othathwa kabanzi njengengqalabutho yemboni yezokuvakasha yezwe, uthi izivakashi ngokwazo azicindezeli ngokwanele.

"I-Ecotourism iyinto yabezindaba," kusho uMnu. Kaye. “Abantu abazimisele ngempela ukudela ukunethezeka ukuze baphile bambalwa. Lokho kuzodinga ukushintsha.”

Izithiyo eceleni, abagqugquzeli abanjengoKaye, ngisho nabaphikisi abaningi, bayavuma ukuthi iCosta Rica isasele amashumi eminyaka ngaphambi komakhelwane bayo. Ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti angama-26 wendawo yayo kazwelonke ingaphansi kwesimo esivikelekile, amaphesenti angu-80 wamandla ayo akhiqizwa emithonjeni evuselelekayo efana nogesi ophehlwa ngamanzi, futhi izwe likhula izihlahla eziningi kunalokho elizigawulayo - okungavamile e-Central America empofu kakhulu.

Imithombo yemvelo yaseCosta Rica ihlaba umxhwele ngokufanayo, ngezinhlobo zayo zezitshalo ezingu-11,450 67,000, izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezingu-850 XNUMX, izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingu-XNUMX, nokuminyene kakhulu kwezitshalo, izilwane, nesimiso semvelo kunoma yiliphi izwe emazweni aseMelika.

Muva nje, uhulumeni, ebona ukuphuthuma kwalesi simo, ubonakala ezimisele ngokwengeziwe ukulalela.

NgoJanuwari, uMnyango Wezempilo wavala i-Occidental Allegro Papagayo, enye yezindawo zokungcebeleka ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezweni, lapho abahloli bethola amapayipi ampompa indle endaweni eseduze yomfula.

Isikhungo esingaphansi kukahulumeni i-Water and Sewer Institute sisukume ngokulandelayo, sahoxisa “Ama-Ecological Blue Flags” emabhishi ayisikhombisa, okuhlanganisa nalawo aphambi kwamadolobhana adumile ezivakashi iDominical neTamarindo ePacific, kanye nePuerto Viejo, eCaribbean, esho ukungcoliswa kwendle olwandle. amanzi.

Futhi ngo-April 9, abaphathi base-Costa Rican bakhipha isimemezelo sesikhashana esikhawulela ukuphakama kwesakhiwo nokuminyana ngasogwini olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Pacific, okuyisifunda esithuthuka ngokushesha ezweni, futhi kwaqondana, engenazo izinhlelo zokuklama izindawo.

“Izinto zizoba zimbi kakhulu ngaphambi kokuthi zibe ngcono. Khumbula, e-United States, imifula yayivutha amalangabi eminyakeni engu-30 edlule,” kusho umholi we-ecoinndustry uKaye. “Siyathuthuka.”

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