Abacwaningi abavela e-Tepper School of Business e-Carnegie Mellon University bashicilele ucwaningo olusha olunikeza ukukhanya okusha ngomthelela i-Airbnb kanye nezinkampani ezifanayo “zokwabelana ngomnotho” ezinawo embonini yokwamukela izihambi. Okutholakele kusikisela ukuthi kwezinye izimo, ukuba khona kwe-Airbnb kungasiza ekuheheni isidingo esikhulu kwezinye izimakethe kuyilapho kubekela inselele amasu entengo yamahhotela avamile.
Ucwaningo oluzoshicilelwa ngohlelo lukaMeyi lwejenali I-INFORMS Marketing Science lunesihloko esithi “Amandla Okuncintisana Emnothweni Wokwabelana: Ukuhlaziywa Komongo We-Airbnb Namahhotela,” futhi lugunyazwe abacwaningi baseCarnegie Mellon University.
Abacwaningi bagxile ekungeneni kwenkundla yomnotho yokwabelana ngamakhono aguquguqukayo i-Airbnb futhi bahlola umthelela wayo esimweni sokuncintisana embonini yezindawo zokuhlala ezihlala abantu abaningi. Bahlole ukuthi umnotho wokwabelana uyiguqule kanjani ngokuyisisekelo indlela imboni yezokuvakasha ekwazi ukubhekana nokushintshashintsha kwezidingo kanye nendlela amahhotela endabuko okufanele aphendule ngayo.
Ababhali bocwaningo bacabangele izimo zemakethe, amaphethini esizini, amanani ehhotela nekhwalithi, ukwakheka kwabathengi, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwezindawo zokuhlala ze-Airbnb ezimakethe ezithile. Baphinde bacabangela izici ezifana nesu le-Airbnb labahambi bebhizinisi, imithetho kahulumeni ku-Airbnb, izinguquko ezindlekweni zokusingatha ngenxa yezinguquko zentela namasevisi ezinkampani zangaphandle, kanye nobungcweti bababungazi.
"Ukuhlaziya kwethu kuthole imininingwane eminingi," kusho ababhali. “Ekugcineni, safinyelela eziphethweni ezine. I-Airbnb idla abantu abathengisa amahhotela, ikakhulukazi amahhotela asezingeni eliphansi. Okwesibili, i-Airbnb ingasiza ukuzinzisa noma ikhulise isidingo phakathi nezinkathi zokuvakasha ezihamba phambili, isuse amandla ezintengo eziphakeme zamahhotela okungase ngezinye izikhathi kube yisithiyo. Okwesithathu, amandla okuhlala avumelana nezimo adalwe i-Airbnb angase aphazamise amasu entengo avamile kwezinye izimakethe, empeleni kusize ekunciphiseni isidingo samanani esizini. Ekugcineni, njengoba i-Airbnb iqondise kubahambi bebhizinisi, amahhotela asezingeni eliphezulu cishe azothinteka.”
Odabeni lokudliwa abantu, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi kwezinye izimakethe lapho isidingo singowezinkathi eziningi, amanani ehhotela kanye nekhwalithi kuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi ingxenye yabavakashi bezokungcebeleka iphakeme, abathengi bangase bakhethe i-Airbnb, ebeka ukucindezela kwamanani okuncintisana. emahhotela.
Umthelela we-Airbnb ekufuneni kwawo uqhutshwa ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kwesizini. Ngokwesiko, amahhotela anomthamo ongashintshi futhi athambekele ekukhuphuleni amanani phakathi nezinkathi zonyaka eziphakeme kakhulu futhi ehlise phakathi nezinkathi ezingabizi kakhulu. Kodwa ngokuba khona komthamo ovumelana nezimo okuvela ku-Airbnb, abahambi banezinketho eziningi phakathi nezinkathi zonyaka eziphakeme, okuphoqa imakethe ukuthi yehlise amanani entengo esizini. Noma kunjalo, phakathi nezinkathi zonyaka ezingabizi kakhulu, njengezinkontileka zamandla e-Airbnb, amahhotela kungase kungadingeki ehlise amanani awo kakhulu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi njengoba umthamo phakathi kwe-Airbnb namahhotela ukhula ngokwesidingo, lowo mthamo owandisiwe ungase ube nomthelela wokuheha abavakashi abengeziwe endaweni ethile.
Kuze kube manje, ukuthengiswa kwe-Airbnb ngokuyinhloko kuthathwe kubahambi bezokungcebeleka abakha amaphesenti angu-90 okuthengiswa kwe-Airbnb. Njengoba inkampani ibheke indawo yemakethe yezokuvakasha yebhizinisi, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi amahhotela asezingeni eliphezulu angase athinteke kakhulu, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yezindleko zokusebenza eziphakeme noma eziphansi ababungazi be-Airbnb ezimakethe zabo.
“Amahhotela asezingeni eliphezulu azuza kakhulu ezindlekweni eziphezulu zokusingatha i-Airbnb, kodwa futhi ahlupheka kakhulu ngezindleko eziphansi zokusingatha i-Airbnb,” kusho ababhali. “Okunye okutholakele okuphawulekayo ukuthi inzuzo ephezulu yokusingatha i-Airbnb iyancipha amazinga njengoba izindleko zikhuphuka, kuyilapho ukulahlekelwa okuvela ezindlekweni eziphansi zokusingatha i-Airbnb kuqhubeka kwehla njengoba izindleko zincipha. Lokhu kusenza sikholelwe ukuthi ukubeka imithetho eqinile ku-Airbnb enyusa izindleko zokusingatha akusizi inzuzo yehhotela ngaphezu kwephuzu elithile. Nokho, ukwehlisa izindleko zokusingatha i-Airbnb kungalimaza inzuzo yehhotela.”
