I-Airbus ne-TNO ukuthuthukisa ukuphela kwezokuxhumana nge-laser

• Ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana be-Laser inguquko elandelayo kwezokuxhumana nge-satellite
• Iphrojekthi ihlanganisa ukwakhiwa, ukwakhiwa nokuhlolwa kombonisi wezobuchwepheshe
• Isikhumulo se-UltraAir sizokwazi ukuxhumana nge-laser phakathi kwendiza nesathelayithi ku-geostationary orbit 36,000 km ngaphezulu komhlaba.

I-Airbus kanye ne- INetherlands Inhlangano Yokucwaninga Kwezesayensi Okufakiwe (TNO) sebethule uhlelo lokwakha umbonisi we-laser communication terminal wezindiza, olwaziwa nge-UltraAir.

Iphrojekthi, exhaswa ngezimali ngu Airbus, I-TNO ne-Netherlands Space Office (NSO), iyingxenye yohlelo lwe-European Space Agency (ESA) ScyLight (Secure and Laser communication technology). Imboza ukwakhiwa, ukwakhiwa nokuhlolwa kombonisi wezobuchwepheshe. Ubuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana nge-Laser inguquko elandelayo kwezokuxhumana nge-satellite (i-satcom), eletha amazinga okudlulisa angakaze abonwe, ukuphepha kwedatha nokuqina ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zentengiso eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.

Isikhumulo se-UltraAir sizokwazi ukuxhumana nge-laser phakathi kwendiza kanye nesathelayithi ku-geostationary orbit 36,000 km ngaphezulu koMhlaba, ngobuchwepheshe obungenakuqhathaniswa obufaka phakathi uhlelo oluzinzile nolunembile lwe-mechatronic. Umbonisi wezobuchwepheshe uzovula indlela yomkhiqizo wesikhathi esizayo we-UltraAir lapho amazinga wokudluliswa kwedatha angafinyelela kuma-gigabits amaningi-ngomzuzwana ngenkathi ehlinzeka ngama-anti-jamming kanye namathuba aphansi okubanjwa. Ngale ndlela i-UltraAir ngeke ivumele kuphela izindiza zamasosha nama-UAV (Izimoto Zasemoyeni Ezingagunyaziwe) ukuxhuma ngaphakathi kwefu lokulwa, kepha futhi esikhathini eside zivumela abagibeli bezindiza ukuthi bakwazi ukusungula ukuxhumeka kwedatha esheshayo ngenxa yomlaza i-Airbus 'SpaceDataHighway. Kusukela endaweni yabo ku-orbit geostationary, iziphuphutheki ze-SpaceDataHighway (EDRS) ezidlulisa idatha eziqoqwe ngamasathelayithi wokubuka eMhlabeni esikhathini sangempela-isikhathi, inqubo evame ukuthatha amahora ambalwa.

I-Airbus ihola lo msebenzi futhi iletha ubuchwepheshe bayo obuyingqayizivele kwezokuxhumana nge-laser satellite, ithuthukiswe ngohlelo lwe-SpaceDataHighway. Izolungisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhungo nokuhlola phansi nasemoyeni. Njengomlingani osemqoka wephrojekthi, i-TNO inikeza ulwazi lwayo ekucaciseni okuphezulu kwe-opto-mechatronics, esekelwa imboni yaseDashi yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu neyezikhala. I-Airbus Defence neSpace eNetherlands izobhekela ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwamatheminali. I-Tesat ephethwe yi-Airbus iletha ubuchwepheshe bayo kwezinhlelo zokuxhumana nge-laser futhi izobamba iqhaza kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokuhlola.

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kuzokwenzeka ekupheleni kuka-2021 ezimeni zelebhu eTesat. Esigabeni sesibili, izivivinyo zomhlaba zizoqala ekuqaleni kuka-2022 eTenerife (eSpain), lapho kuzosungulwa khona ukuxhumana phakathi kombonisi we-UltraAir kanye ne-laser terminal abangena kusethelayithi i-Alphasat besebenzisa i-ESA Optical Ground Station. Ukuqinisekiswa kokugcina, umbonisi we-UltraAir uzohlanganiswa endizeni yokuhlolwa kwendiza maphakathi no-2022.

Njengoba isidingo sezinsizakalo zesathelayithi sikhula, amaqembu endabuko omsakazo we-satcom abhekene nezingqinamba. Izixhumanisi ze-Laser nazo zinenzuzo yokugwema ukuphazanyiswa nokutholwa, njengoba kuqhathaniswa namaza omsakazo asevele egcwele abantu, ukuxhumana nge-laser kunzima kakhulu ukubamba ngenxa yesigxobo esincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ama-laser terminals angakhanya, asebenzise amandla amancane futhi anikeze ukuphepha okungcono kunomsakazo.

Lolu hlelo olusha luyingqophamlando ebalazweni lomgwaqo wecebo eliphelele le-Airbus lokuqhuba ukuxhumana nge-laser ngokuqhubekayo, okuzoletha phambili izinzuzo zalobu buchwepheshe njengomhlukanisi ophambili wokuhlinzeka ngokubambisana kweMulti-Domain kubathengi bakaHulumeni nabezokuvikela.