Ingabe ulwazi lwezinkampani ezincane kwezohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe luhluke kanjani kulokho okubhekene namafemu amakhulu? Umbiko wakamuva we-International Trade Commission mayelana nama-SME kanye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe uyawubheka. Ngihlatshwe umxhwele amashadi ambalwa abika izinto ezikhathaza kakhulu ama-SME aseMelika mayelana nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, eqhathanisa imibono yawo nabathumela kwamanye amazwe abakhulu. Amashadi aphinde ahlukanise phakathi kwabathumeli bezinsizakalo kanye nabathengisi bezimpahla eziqinile, aveza umehluko omkhulu. Okutholakele kusekelwe ocwaningweni lwezinkampani zase-US ezingaphezu kuka-8,400.
Abathumeli bempahla eqinile banomlando omude, ngakho-ke ake sibheke lapho kuqala. Ngokusekelwe kuzithiyo ezihlukene eziyi-19 zokuhweba, nazi izinkathazo eziyishumi eziphezulu, ngokulandelana, kuma-SME ase-US athengisa imikhiqizo ebonakalayo ezimakethe zangaphandle:
* ukungakwazi ukuthola ozakwethu bangaphandle
* Izindleko zokuhamba nezokuthutha
* izimakethe zakwamanye amazwe zikhetha izimpahla zakuleli
* imisebenzi ephezulu yamasiko
* ukwamukela noma ukucubungula izinkokhelo
*ukuthola imali
*ukuntuleka kwezinhlelo zokweseka uhulumeni
* izinqubo zamasiko
*imithetho yangaphandle
* Ubunzima bokusungula amanxusa ezimakethe zangaphandle
Eqinisweni, lokhu kungikhombisa ukuthi imfundo eyisisekelo yokuthumela ngaphandle isantuleka ngokudabukisayo e-United States. Ukuthola ozakwethu bakwamanye amazwe kwenziwa kalula ngoHlelo Olukhiye Lwegolide Lwesevisi Yezentengiselwano Yase-US, futhi kuthatha ukumaketha okuhle ukuze kunqobe ukukhetha komthengi emikhiqizweni yasendaweni. Ukuphathwa kuka-Obama kungasiza kakhulu ngentela ephezulu yezimpahla, izinqubo zezimpahla kanye nemithetho yangaphandle uma kungase kuphume indibilishi ezingxoxweni zohwebo nezivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala. Izindleko zokuthumela zingaba yiziphazamiso futhi, ngokombono wami e-Honolulu, singaqala ngokuchitha uMthetho kaJones. Ngihlale ngizwa izikhalo ezivela kuma-SME mayelana nobunzima ekutholeni imali; lolu daba lubukeka njengelinye lamabhange endawo ase-US ethuswa ngokunganaki ngenxa yezingozi ezicatshangwayo zokwenza okuthile ngaphandle kwezwe. Vukani, bomabhange, izimakethe eziningi zomhlaba zinikeza izimo zebhizinisi ezingcono kune-United States njengamanje!
Kwangithakasela ukubona ukuthi kunezingqinamba kwezohwebo ezihlupha izinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu kunama-SME. Iningi labafana abakhulu bathola ukuthi ukuthengisa kwabo kwamanye amazwe akukhiqizi inzuzo eyanele. Ingabe lena yindaba yokulindelwe, noma ingabe abathumeli bangaphandle abancane bayazuza ngokulandela izimakethe ze-niche? Angimangalanga ukuthi abafana abakhulu bakhathazwa kakhulu yizindaba zentela zangaphandle; Ama-SME mancane amathuba okuba abe khona ngokomzimba (futhi okukhokhiswa intela) ezimakethe eziningi zangaphandle. Kwangimangaza ukuthi abadayisi abakhulu bakhathazeke kakhulu ngokuvikelwa kwempahla yengqondo, njengoba yibona abanamandla okuba nabasebenzi bomthetho abazophatha izinto ezinjalo. Futhi amafemu amakhulu kungenzeka abe nezinkinga ngemithetho yase-US. Ingabe lokhu kungenxa yezilawuli zethu zokuthumela ngaphandle?
Izithiyo eziyishumi eziphezulu ekuthumeleni ama-SME athengisa izinsiza phesheya kwezilwandle zihluke kakhulu kulezo abafowabo ababhekene nazo:
* ukuvikelwa kwempahla yengqondo enganele
* Izinkinga zentela yangaphandle
* ukuthengisa kwamanye amazwe akunayo inzuzo eyanele
*ukuthola imali
* Imithetho yase-US
* Ubunzima bokusungula amanxusa ezimakethe zangaphandle
* ubunzima bokwamukela noma ukucubungula izinkokhelo
* izithiyo zolimi namasiko
* Izinkinga ze-visa
* amanani aphezulu
Lokhu kufana nohlu lwalokho okukhathaza abathumeli bangaphandle abakhulu, okunye kwakho okuzodingeka ngikucabangisise. Izinkinga ze-IP zinengqondo, njengoba amasevisi amaningi azungeza impahla yobuhlakani bohlobo oluthile. Futhi, inkinga ngemithetho yase-US cishe izilawuli zokuthekelisa. Izinkinga zentela yangaphandle, ngicabanga, zisukela esidingweni sokusetha imisebenzi yokubonisana noma yosekelo ezimakethe zangaphandle, okungase futhi kwehlise inzuzo. Ulimi nesiko luyisihluthulelo ekuthengisweni kwesevisi, futhi izindaba zama-visa zingabhekisela ekuqasheni onjiniyela besofthiwe bangaphandle noma ukuthola ama-visa angaphandle avumela abasebenzi base-US ukuthi basebenze kwelinye izwe. Abathengisi bezinsizakalo ezinkulu, ezisunguliwe bavame ukuba nokukhathazeka okufanayo nama-SME, nakuba ngokwezinga elincane, ngaphandle kokuthola okumangalisayo ukuthi izinkampani ezinkulu zesevisi zinokukhathazeka okukhulu mayelana nokuthola amathuba okuthengisa angaphandle. Angikwazi ukukuchaza lokho.
I-ITC iphinda yenza amaphuzu ambalwa angakwazanga ukuboniswa kumashadi. Akumangazi, njengoba ama-SME ezuza ulwazi olwengeziwe lwamazwe ngamazwe, umbono wawo ngalezi “zinkinga” uyehla. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngamasevisi amasha ama-SME, avame ukugxila endaweni eyodwa noma emakethe, abheka izinkinga njengomthwalo ongaphezu kwamafemu amakhulu, futhi angasondeli ekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe ngokujulile njengamafemu asezinzile. Ama-SME okukhiqiza abonakala ethola ijika lokufunda elishelelayo kunabathumeli bezinsizakalo. Ngokungafani nezinkampani zesevisi, zingase zingabhekananga nokusungula ubukhona bangaphandle ukuze zithengise imikhiqizo yazo.
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Ibhizinisi Ngaphandle Kwe-Reef:
LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:
- Large, established services exporters tend to have the same concerns as the SMEs, though to a lesser degree, except for the remarkable finding that big service companies have greater concern about locating foreign sales prospects.
- I was surprised that the big exporters are more worried about intellectual property protection, since they are the ones who can afford to have the legal staff to manage such things.
- Based on 19 different impediments to trade, here are the top ten worries, in order, for US SMEs selling physical products in foreign markets.
