I-Afrika manje isibhekene nezikhathi eziyinselele nezinsuku ezinzima cishe nazo zonke izizwe ezikhona ezwenikazi zisebenza ukunqanda nokulawula ukusabalala kwesifo se-coronavirus COVID-19. Amazwe ase-Afrika lokho kuncike kumarisidi ezokuvakasha njengomthombo oyinhloko wemali nawo asejazini eliqondile.
UMongameli we-African Development Bank Group (AfDB), uDkt Akinwumi Adesina, uthe embikweni wakhe osakazwa ngabezindaba kuleli sonto wathi ubhubhane lwenoveli coronavirus lisakazeka, kubonakala sengathi asikho isizwe emhlabeni esisindiswayo.
“Njengoba izinga lokutheleleka likhuphuka, kanjalo nokwesaba ezimakethe zezimali kuyanda njengoba umnotho wehla kakhulu futhi ukuhanjiswa kwamaketanga kuphazamiseka kakhulu. Izikhathi ezingavamile zidinga izinyathelo ezingavamile. Ngaleyo ndlela, ngeke isaba yibhizinisi njengenjwayelo, ”kusho u-Adesina embikweni wakhe osakazwa ngabezindaba.
Usuku ngalunye, isimo siyaguquka futhi sidinga ukubuyekezwa okuqhubekayo kwezinyathelo namasu okuphepha. Phakathi kwakho konke lokhu, kumele sonke sikhathazeke ngokwazi kwazo zonke izizwe ukuphendula kule nkinga. Futhi kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi amazwe asathuthuka akulungele ukuhamba la manzi angaziwa ngokugcwele, esho.
“Yingakho ngisekela isimemezelo esiphuthumayo sikaNobhala-Jikelele weZizwe Ezihlangene (UN) u-Antonio Guterres sokuthi kube nezinsiza ezikhethekile zamazwe asathuthuka emhlabeni. Njengoba sibhekene nalolu bhubhane, kumele sibeke izimpilo ngaphezu kwezinsizakusebenza nezempilo ngaphezu kwezikweletu, ngoba umnotho osathuthuka yiwona onobungozi kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi, ”kusho uDkt Adesina.
“Amakhambi ethu kufanele adlulele ngale kokumane uboleke imali ethe xaxa. Kumele senze okungaphezu kwamandla ethu futhi sinikeze amazwe usizo lwezezimali oludingeka kakhulu futhi oluphuthumayo, futhi lokho kubandakanya amazwe asathuthuka ngaphansi kwezijeziso, ”kusho uMengameli we-AfDB.
Ngokusho kwenhlangano ezimele yomhlaba wonke i-ODI embikweni wayo ngomthelela wezijeziso zezomnotho, amashumi eminyaka, unswinyo luqede utshalomali ezinhlelweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zomphakathi emazweni amaningi impela.
UDkt. Adesina uthe, njenganamuhla, izinhlelo esezivele sezeluliwe njengoba kuphawulwe ku-2019 Global Health Security Index zizokuthola kunzima ukubhekana nengozi esobala neyamanje esongela ubukhona bethu sonke futhi yilabo abasaphila kuphela abangakhokha. izikweletu.
“Izijeziso zilwa nomnotho kodwa hhayi igciwane. Uma amazwe angaphansi kwezijeziso engakwazi ukuphendula futhi anikeze izakhamuzi zawo ukunakekelwa okubucayi noma azivikele, khona-ke igciwane 'lizojezisa' umhlaba kungekudala, ”engeza.
“Olimini lwami lwesiYoruba, kunesisho esithi: 'Qaphela lapho uphonsa amatshe emakethe evulekile. Kungenzeka kugadle ilungu lomndeni wakho. ' Yingakho nami ngilixhasa kakhulu ikhwelo likaNobhala-Jikelele we-UN lokuthi izikweletu zamazwe ahola kancane zimiswe kulezi zikhathi ezisheshayo nezingaqinisekile, ”kusho u-Adesina.
“Kepha ngifuna ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo ezinqala, futhi kunezizathu eziningi zokwenza lokho. Okokuqala, umnotho wamazwe asathuthuka, yize iminyaka inenqubekela phambili enkulu, uhlala untekenteke ngokwedlulele futhi ungahlonyiselwe ukubhekana nalesi sifo. Banamathuba amaningi okuthi bangcwatshwe ngengcindezi esindayo yezimali ababhekene nayo manje nge-coronavirus, ”engeza kumyalezo wakhe wabezindaba.
Okwesibili, amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika ancike ezintweni ezitholwayo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ukwehla kwamanani kawoyela kufake umnotho wase-Afrika enkingeni. Ngokwe-AfDB's 2020 Africa Economic Outlook, bamane nje abakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezabelomali njengoba kuhlelwe ngaphansi kwebhentshi lamanani ka-pre-coronavirus COVID-19.
Umthelela ubususondele emkhakheni kawoyela negesi, njengoba kuphawuliwe ekuhlaziyweni kwezindaba zakamuva kwe-CNN.
Esimweni samanje, singakulindela ukushoda okukhulu kwabathengi, ngezizathu ezizwakalayo, abazokwaba kabusha izinsiza ekubhekaneni nobhubhane lwe-COVID-19. Amazwe ase-Afrika ancike kumarisidi ezokuvakasha njengomthombo oyinhloko wemali nawo anemihlane yawo odongeni.
Okwesithathu, amazwe acebile anezinsizakusebenza, okufakazelwa yizigidigidi zamadola ekuvuseleleni imali, ngenkathi amazwe asathuthuka ethikamezeka ngemithombo yamathambo angenalutho.
“Iqiniso ukuthi uma singayinqobi ngokubambisana i-coronavirus e-Afrika, ngeke siyinqobe noma ikuphi emhlabeni. Le yinselelo ekhona edinga ukuthi zonke izandla zibe semkhunjini. Namuhla, kunanini ngaphambili, kumele sibe ngabagcini babafowethu nodadewethu, ”kusho uDkt Adesina.
Emhlabeni jikelele, amazwe asezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu ekuqhamukeni amemezela ukukhishwa kwemali, ukuhlelwa kabusha kwezikweletu, ukubekezelela ukukhokhelwa kwemali mboleko, nokuxegiswa kwemithetho nezinhlelo ezijwayelekile.
E-United States, sekuvele kumenyezelwe amaphakheji angaphezu kwama-US $ 2 trillion ngaphezu kokuncipha kwamazinga okubolekwa kwe-Federal Reserve nokuxhaswa kwemali ukuze kugcinwe izimakethe zisebenza ngenxa yobhadane lwe-COVID-19. EYurophu, ezomnotho ezinkulu zimemezele izinyathelo zokuvuselela ezingaphezu kwama-Euro ayisigidigidi esisodwa. Ngokwengeziwe, kulindeleke amaphakheji amakhulu kakhulu.
Ngenkathi amazwe athuthukile ebeka izinhlelo zokunxephezela abasebenzi ngemiholo elahlekile ngokuhlala emakhaya ukuze bazihlukanise nomphakathi, kuvele enye inkinga, okuwukuhlukaniswa kwemali.
“Ake sicabange umzuzwana ukuthi lokhu kusho ukuthini nge-Afrika. I-African Development Bank ilinganisela ukuthi i-COVID-19 ingalahlekisela i-Afrika ukulahlekelwa yi-GDP phakathi kuka-US $ 22.1 billion esimweni se-base kesi ne-US $ 88.3 billion esimweni esibi kakhulu, ”kusho uDkt Adesina.
Lokhu kulingana nenkontileka yokukhula kwe-GDP ebekiwe ephakathi kwamaphesenti angu-0.7 no-2.8 ngonyaka wezi-2020. Kungenzeka nokuthi i-Afrika ingawela ekwehleni komnotho kulo nyaka uma isimo esikhona siqhubeka.
Ukushaqeka komqedazwe we-COVID-19 kuzophinda kuciphise isikhala sezimali kuleli zwekazi njengoba kusilela ukulinganiselwa ukuthi kuzokwanda ngamaphesenti angama-3.5 kuye kwayi-4.9, kwenyuse igebe lezezimali e-Afrika ngo-US $ 110 kuya ku-US $ 154 billion kulo nyaka ka-2020.
“Izilinganiso zethu zikhomba ukuthi isikweletu somphakathi sase-Afrika sonke singakhuphuka ngaphansi kwesimo esisuka ku-US $ 1.86 trillion ekupheleni kuka-2019 siye ngaphezu kuka-US $ 2 trillion ngo-2020 uma kuqhathaniswa ne-US $ 1.9 trillion ebhekiswe esimweni esithi 'akukho bhubhane'.
“Ngokombiko we-AfDB kaMashi 2020, lezi zibalo zingafinyelela ku-US $ 2.1 trillion ngo-2020 ngaphansi kwesimo esibi kakhulu.
“Ngakho-ke lesi yisikhathi sezenzo ezinesibindi. Kufanele sihlehlise okwesikhashana isikweletu esikweletwa amabhange entuthuko ahlukahlukene kanye nezikhungo zezimali zomhlaba wonke. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuhlela kabusha imali ebolekiwe ukuze kuvuleke isikhala sezimali emazweni angabhekana nale nkinga, ”kusho uDkt Adesina.
“Lokho kusho ukuthi othishanhloko ababolekisa ngemali ngenxa yezikhungo zezimali zomhlaba wonke ngo-2020 bangahlehliswa. Ngifuna ukubekezela okwesikhashana, hhayi ukuthethelelwa. Okuhle ngesikweletu samazwe amabili nesokuhweba kufanele kube kuhle esikweletini samazwe amaningi.
“Ngaleyo ndlela, sizogwema izingozi zokuziphatha, futhi ama-ejensi wokukala azobe ethambekele ekujeziseni noma yisiphi isikhungo ngengozi engaba khona kwi-Preferred Creditor Status yabo. Ukugxila emhlabeni manje kumele kube ukusiza wonke umuntu njengoba ingozi komunye kuyingozi kubo bonke, ”engeza.
Ayikho i-coronavirus yamazwe athuthukile kanye ne-coronavirus yamazwe asathuthuka futhi acindezelwe izikweletu. Sonke sikulokhu ndawonye.
Izikhungo zezimali ezihlangene nezamazwe omabili kumele zisebenzisane nabakweletisi bezentengiselwano e-Afrika, ikakhulukazi ukubambezela ukukhokhelwa kwemali mboleko nokunikeza i-Afrika isikhala sezimali esidingekayo.
“Simi ngomumo ukuxhasa i-Afrika esikhathini esifushane kanye nesikhathi eside. Sikulungele ukusebenzisa imali efinyelela ezigidini ezingama- $ 50 eminyakeni eyisi-5 kumaphrojekthi ukusiza ngezindleko zokulungisa i-Afrika ezobhekana nazo njengoba ibhekene nemiphumela yokunqotshwa kwe-COVID-19, isikhathi eside emuva kokuthi isiphepho samanje sidambe, ”kusho yena.
“Kodwa kuzodingeka ukwesekwa okwengeziwe. Masiphakamise zonke unswinyo okwamanje. Ngisho nangesikhathi sempi, imililo yokuphela iyabizwa ngenxa yezizathu zosizo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunesikhathi sokuhlaba ikhefu ukuze izinto zokusiza zifinyelele kubantu abathintekile. Inoveli coronavirus iyimpi elwa nathi sonke. Yonke impilo ibalulekile, ”kusho yena.
Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele sigweme ukuhlukaniswa kwemali ngalesi sikhathi. Ukuthungwa kwesikhathi kuzokonga 9. Ukuhlukaniswa komphakathi kubalulekile manje. Ukuhlukaniswa kwemali akukhona, kuphetha uMongameli we-AfDB.
