Izikhulu zaseMelika zithi umgibeli weNorthwest Airlines ovela eNigeria uthe ubemele i-Al Qaeda ngesikhathi ezama ukuqhumisa indiza ngoLwesihlanu njengoba ifika eDetroit.
U-Rep. Peter King, RN.Y., uhlonze umsolwa njengo-Abdul Mudallad, waseNigeria. UKing uthe indiza iqale eNigeria yadlula e-Amsterdam ilibangise eDetroit.
Ukuphepha kwesikhumulo sezindiza eLagos nase-Amsterdam kungenzeka kube yinkinga yokuthi lo msolwa wakwazi kanjani ukugibela iNorthwest Airlines.
I-Murtala Muhammed International Airport itholakala e-Ikeja, eSifundazweni saseLagos, eNigeria, futhi iyisikhumulo sezindiza esikhulu esisebenzela idolobha laseLagos, eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeNigeria kanye nesizwe sonke. Ekuqaleni yaziwa ngokuthi isikhumulo sezindiza iLagos International, saqanjwa kabusha maphakathi nesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwenhloko yezempi yaseNigeria uMurtala Muhammed. Itheminali yamazwe ngamazwe imodelwe i-Amsterdam's Schiphol Airport. Isikhumulo sezindiza savulwa ngokusemthethweni mhla ziyi-15 kuNdasa 1979. Yisizinda esikhulu sezindiza ezithwala ifulegi laseNigeria, iNigerian Eagle Airlines kanye ne-Arik Air.
I-Murtala Muhammed International Airport inetheminali yamazwe ngamazwe neyekhaya, etholakala cishe ikhilomitha ukusuka kwesinye. Womabili amatheminali abelana ngemigwaqo yezindiza efanayo. Itheminali yasekhaya yathuthelwa endaweni endala yaseLagos ngo-2000 ngemuva komlilo. Itheminali entsha yasekhaya yakhiwe futhi yaqalwa ukusebenza mhla ziyisi-7 kuMbasa wezi-2007.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980 nawo-1990, isikhumulo sezindiza samazwe ngamazwe sasinedumela lokuba isikhumulo sezindiza esiyingozi. Kusukela ngo-1992 kuya ku-2000, i-US Federal Aviation Administration yathumela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso kuzo zonke izikhumulo zezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe zase-US ezeluleka abahambi ukuthi izimo zokuphepha e-LOS azihlangabezani nezindinganiso eziphansi ze-ICAO. Ngo-1993 i-FAA yamisa ukusebenza kwezindiza phakathi kweLagos ne-United States.
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuphepha e-LOS kwaqhubeka nokuba yinkinga enkulu.
Abahambi abafika eLagos bahlukunyezwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesikhumulo sezindiza yizigebengu. Abasebenzi basesikhumulweni sezindiza banikele edumeni laso.
Amaphoyisa ophiko lwezokufika ayefuna ukufumbathiswa ngaphambi kokugxiviza ama-passport, kuyilapho ama-customs afuna ukukhokhelwa izimali ezingekho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindiza eziningana zama-jet zahlaselwa yizigebengu ezamisa izindiza eziya noma zibuya esikhumulweni futhi zagebenga izindawo zazo zempahla. Abaqondisi abaningi bezokuvakasha baphakamise ukuthi abahambi abaya eNigeria bandize baye eMallam Aminu Kano International Airport eKano futhi bathathe izindiza zasekhaya noma izinto zokuhamba eziya phansi baye eLagos.
Kulandela ukhetho lwentando yeningi luka-Olusegun Obasanjo ngo-1999, isimo sezokuphepha e-LOS saqala ukuba ngcono. Amaphoyisa asesikhumulweni sezindiza asungula inqubomgomo “yokudutshulwa kwamehlo” kunoma ubani otholakala ezindaweni ezivikelekile eduze kwemigwaqo yezindiza kanye nemigwaqo yamatekisi, amisa ukuqhubeka nokugetshengwa kwezindiza. Amaphoyisa avikele ingaphakathi letheminali kanye nezindawo zokufikela ngaphandle. I-FAA yaqeda ukumiswa kwayo kwezindiza eziqondile eziya eNigeria ngo-2001 ngokuqaphela lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwezokuphepha.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje kube nentuthuko enkulu esikhumulweni sezindiza i-Murtala Muhammed International Airport. Izingqalasizinda ezingasebenzi kahle nezingasebenzi njengeziphephetha-moya namabhande emithwalo sezilungisiwe. Sonke isikhumulo sezindiza sihlanziwe, futhi izindawo zokudlela eziningi ezintsha nezitolo ezingenamsebenzi zivuliwe. Izivumelwano Zokusebenza Zomoya Ngamazwe Amabili ezisayinwe phakathi kweNigeria namanye amazwe ziyavuselelwa futhi ezintsha zisayinwe. Lezi zivumelwano zibone abantu abafana ne-Emirates, Ocean Air, Delta kanye ne-China Southern Airlines bezwakalisa intshisekelo yabo futhi bathola amalungelo okufika esikhumulweni sezindiza esikhulu kunazo zonke saseNigeria.
Uhulumeni Wombuso unikeze imvume yokwandiswa kwamahholo okusuka nawokufika e-Murtala Muhammed International Airport ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nethrafikhi elokhu ikhula esikhumulweni sezindiza.
I-AMSTERDAM SCHIPHOL SECURITY
I-Amsterdam iyindawo enkulu yokudlulisa phakathi kwezinkampani zezindiza ezingozakwethu be-Skyteam.
Phakathi nohambo oluvunguzayo lwemisebenzi yezokuphepha nokuvikela e-Netherlands, abaphathi bezokuphepha e-Schiphol Airport baveze izinhlelo zokwandisa inani lamakhamera nezinzwa eminyakeni embalwa ezayo ukuze bakwazi ukunciphisa inani labasebenzi esizeni.
uMiro Jerkovik, umphathi omkhulu wezokuphepha, ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko; Gunther von Adrichem, umphathi wephrojekthi yezokuphepha, ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko; kanye no-Hans Geerlink, umphathi womsebenzi wezokuphepha, bavule iminyango yohlelo lwe-Schipol eqenjini lezintatheli zezohwebo ezizinze e-US.
Kukhona ukugxila okubalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe e-Schiphol. Njengamanje isikhumulo sezindiza sinamakhamera ayi-1,000 futhi sihlela ukukhulisa leyo nombolo ibe phakathi kuka-3,000 no-4,000 (ingxube yamakhamera e-analog namakhamera we-IP) eminyakeni embalwa ezayo. Uhlelo luwukumboza isikhumulo sezindiza ngamakhamera ahlanganisa nobunye ubuchwepheshe obufana nokuhlaziya amavidiyo, ukuqashelwa kwepuleti lelayisense kanye nokubonwa kobuso, isibonelo. "Inhloso yonke wukusebenzisa amakhamera, hhayi abantu," kusho uMiro.
Cishe, izindawo ezingu-15 esikhumulweni sezindiza zinemishini yokuskena yamagagasi angu-L3 millimeter esetshenziswayo. Yize le mikhiqizo ihlangabezane nokugxekwa e-United States, u-von Adrichmem uthe akuvamile ukuthi abagibeli baphume ekuhlolweni ngomshini.
"Singakhombisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezokuphepha luphakeme kunalokhu esinakho namuhla," esho. "Ingathola izinto ezincane kunakuqala."
I-Schiphol iyindawo enkulu enezindawo zokuhlola ezokuvikela ezingaba ngu-200 - iningi lazo litholakala endaweni yetheminali yamazwe ngamazwe (inezindiza eziya e-US ezingu-80 ngosuku). Njengoba isikhumulo sezindiza sisezingeni elilodwa, asinayo indlela yokuhlukanisa abagibeli abangenayo nabaphumayo. Abagibeli bamazwe ngamazwe baqale bahlolwe emasikweni ukuze bathole iphasiphothi esebenzayo kanye nepasi lokugibela bese behlolwa esangweni. Lezo endizayo phakathi kwe-Europe zihlolwa ngendlela efana nenqubo ye-TSA e-United States bese zingena endaweni emaphakathi lapho ukuhlolwa kungadingeki khona esangweni.
Kulezi zindawo zokuhlola amasango, ama-ejenti amahlanu aqhuba inhlolokhono yokuchaza ukuziphatha kumgibeli ngamunye ophumayo. Imibuzo incike kumhambi, kodwa imibuzo evamile ihlanganisa ukuthi umuntu wahlala isikhathi esingakanani endaweni, wahlala kuphi, yiziphi izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo umgibeli azilethe ezweni futhi bazipakishele izikhwama zabo. Njengoba ama-ejenti amane ekhuluma ngqo nabagibeli, kanye namaphasipoti esikrini, omunye uphrofayili wengamela wonke umsebenzi, efuna ukuziphatha okusolisayo.
Noma lolu hlelo lubonakala lusebenza kahle ngaphandle, u-Jerkovik washesha ukuveza ukuthi “awusoze wazi ukuthi yini ezayo ngokulandelayo … wenza isu bese kufanele ulishintshe” njengoba isimo sobungozi sishintsha.
Ukuhlolwa kwesango kungase kungabi yingxenye yohlelo e-Schiphol njalo - u-von Adrichmem uphawule ukuthi bacabanga ukwakha izinga lesibili ukuze bahlukanise abagibeli abahambayo nabafikayo. Lesi sinyathelo, nakuba sibiza kakhulu, sizokwenza isikhumulo sezindiza sikwazi ukuhambisa isikhumulo saso samazwe ngamazwe siyiswe ekuhlolweni kwezokuphepha endaweni eyodwa.
Izinqubomgomo nezinqubo ezishintshayo ziyingxenye yempilo uma kuziwa ekuvikelekeni kwesikhumulo sezindiza. Ngokombono womhambi, lokhu kungaba inselele. "Kwesinye isikhathi imithetho kunzima ukuyiphatha futhi kunzima ukuyenza ibe nengqondo ngokombono wabagibeli kodwa konke kuzwakala," kusho u-von Adrichmem. "Kunomzamo omkhulu kanye nolwazi olungena ekutheni lulungiswe kanjani."
