Umhlaba ukhala i-alamu: Ukushabalala okukhulu!

Okwenziwa ngabantu, okuhlanganisa nokuphindeka kabili kwesibalo sabantu bakhona eminyakeni engama-35 edlule, kuholele ekuwohlokeni kwempilo yezilwane eMhlabeni, kuphetha abacwaningi.

Laba bacwaningi bavela eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, eSanta Barbara; I-Universidade Estadual Paulista eBrazil; I-Universidad Nacional Autonoma yaseMexico; i-Natural Environment Research Council Centre for Ecology and Hydrology in England; kanye neNyuvesi yaseLondon yaseLondon bangababhali besifundo esisha.

Ukuncipha ngokushesha kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eMhlabeni kukhombisa ukuthi iplanethi isesigabeni sokuqala sokushabalala kwenqwaba yezinto eziphilayo kusukela yabakhona ukuhlalwa kuyo eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.5 edlule, ngokocwaningo olusha olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Science.

Kube nesilinganiso sokwehla esingamaphesenti angama-25 sezilwane ezinomgogodla ezisele emhlabeni, kanye nezinga lokwehla elingamaphesenti angama-45 ngobuningi bezilwane ezingenamgogodla. Lokhu kulahlekelwa kuzoqhubeka nokuba nomthelela ongenakuqhathaniswa ezinhlotsheni zezinto eziphilayo ezincike ekulinganiseni okuntekenteke kokuphila eMhlabeni ukuze ziphile.

Imibiko ye-RT:

“Sivame ukucabanga ngokushabalala njengokulahlekelwa kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ebusweni boMhlaba, futhi lokho kubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa kukhona ukulahleka kokusebenza kwe-ecosystem ebalulekile lapho izilwane zidlala indima ebalulekile okufanele nathi siyinake,” kusho. Rodolfo Dirzo, umbhali oholayo wocwaningo kanye noprofesa webhayoloji eStanford University.

"Okuxakayo ukuthi kudala sicabanga ukuthi ukuhlambalaza kuyinto engaqondakali, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi sizogcina sinesimo esingafihlekile ngenxa yemiphumela ebonakala isobala emhlabeni nasenhlalakahleni yabantu."

“I-Anthropocene defaunation,” njengoba abanye abacwaningi beyibiza kanjalo le nkathi, ihlasela kakhulu izilwane ezinkulu ezinjengezindlovu, amabhere asezindaweni ezishisayo, nobhejane, njengoba la ma-megafauna engewona amanani aphakeme kakhulu okwehla eMhlabeni. Lo mkhuba ufana nenqwaba yangaphambilini yokufa kwezikhathi zokushabalala kwe-Big Five.

I-Megafauna ivamise ukuba namazinga aphansi okukhula kwenani labantu adinga izindawo zokuhlala ezinkudlwana ukuze kugcinwe inani labantu, ngakho-ke ithinteka kakhulu ukukhula kwabantu kanye nesifiso senyama yabo. Ukulahlekelwa phakathi kwalezi zilwane ngokuvamile kusho imithelela emibi kwezinye izinhlobo ezincike kuzo ngaphakathi kwe-ecosystem.

Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini luthole ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwezilwane ezinkulu kusho i-spike kumagundane, njengoba utshani nezihlahlana zanda futhi ukucinana kwenhlabathi kuncipha, konke kuyilapho ingozi yokudlwengulwa nayo iyancipha, kuphawula i-Futurity.org. Njengoba inani lamagundane likhula, kanjalo nama-ectoparasites athwala izifo afika nawo.

“Lapho ukuminyana kwabantu kuphezulu, uthola amazinga aphezulu okonakala, ukwanda kwamagundane, kanjalo namazinga aphezulu amagciwane, okwandisa ubungozi bokudluliselwa kwezifo,” kusho uDirzo.

“Ubani obengacabanga ukuthi ukuhlambalaza nje kungaba nemiphumela emangazayo? Kodwa kungaba umbuthano ononya.”

Cishe amaphesenti angu-16 kuya kwangu-33 azo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezinomgogodla zibhekwa njengezisengozini noma zisengozini, ukubuyekezwa kutholakele.

Ukulahlekelwa kwezilwane ezingenamgogodla nakho kunemiphumela efinyelela kude kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Isibonelo, ukuqhubeka nokunyamalala kwenani lezinyosi ezibalulekile emhlabeni wonke kuzoba nemiphumela engemihle ekusakazeni kwezitshalo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela nasekukhiqizeni ukudla emhlabeni, njengoba i-RT iye yabika ngaphambilini.

Izinambuzane zithutha impova cishe amaphesenti angu-75 ezitshalweni zokudla emhlabeni, ngokusho kwe-Futurity.

Sekukonke, ezinhlotsheni zezilwane ezingaphezu kuka-71,000 30 emhlabeni wonke, amaphesenti angu-2400 azo asongelwa, ngokwe-International Union for Conservation of Nature. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu kuhlola - futhi ngaphandle kwezinyathelo eziqinile zezomnotho nezombusazwe zokubhekana nokufa kwamanje - ukushabalala kwenqwaba yesithupha kungase kuqiniswe ngo-XNUMX AD, iNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, isazi sokuma komhlaba saseBerkeley u-Anthony Barnosky sitshele iphephabhuku likaHarper.

Izisombululo zokufa ziyinkimbinkimbi, umgomo wocwaningo, njengoba ukunciphisa amazinga okushintsha indawo yokuhlala kanye nokuxhashazwa ngokweqile komhlaba kufanele kuze ngamasu esifunda kanye nezimo.

"Ukuvimbela ukwehla okuqhubekayo kuzodinga ukuthi siqonde kangcono ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziwinayo nezilahlekelwayo ekulweleni ukuphila nasekufundeni abawinile, sisebenzise esikufundayo ukuze sithuthukise amaphrojekthi okulondoloza imvelo," kusho uBen Collen, umfundisi e-University College yaseLondon. kanye nombhali ngokubambisana wocwaningo. "Kudingeka futhi sakhe amathuluzi abikezelayo okufanekisa umthelela wezinguquko ku-ecosystem ukuze sikwazi ukubeka phambili imizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo, sisebenzisana nohulumeni emhlabeni wonke ukuze sakhe inqubomgomo esekelayo yokuhlehlisa izitayela ezikhathazayo esizibonayo."

Abacwaningi abavela eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, eSanta Barbara; I-Universidade Estadual Paulista eBrazil; I-Universidad Nacional Autonoma yaseMexico; i-Natural Environment Research Council Centre for Ecology and Hydrology in England; kanye neNyuvesi yaseLondon yaseLondon ingabahlanganyeli bocwaningo olusha.