I-SAS Scandinavian Airlines sekuyisikhathi eside ilwela intuthuko esimeme maqondana nemvelo. Isikhundla esibonisa ubudlelwane obujwayelekile bomphakathi waseScandinavia nemvelo. Inkampani yezindiza isalokhu iyinkampani esungula izinto ezintsha emhlabeni ukuze ibheke ekwehliseni umthelela wemisebenzi yayo endaweni ezungezile futhi ingasetshenziswa njengophawu lwezinye izinkampani zenethiwekhi. Martin Porsgaard Nielsen, “SAS Mr. Environment” unikeza eTurboNews umfundi umbono wangaphakathi wokuzibophezela kwe-SAS.
Iyiphi imikhakha i-SAS ebandakanyeka kuyo ukuze ifake isandla ekunciphiseni umthelela wemvelo wemisebenzi yayo yokuthutha emoyeni?
UMartin Porsgaard Nielsen: Ziyizinto ezine zokuzuza intuthuko esimeme: singathonya ngokuqondile kokubili kokuqala okuyizinyathelo zokusebenza nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe; sinezwi kwesesithathu okuyingqalasizinda futhi kumele sisebenze ngezinyathelo zomnotho, ikakhulukazi izintela.
Ingabe ukwenyuka kwamanani kaphethiloli kuyisikhuthazo esingcono kakhulu sokuthatha isinyathelo ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindiza?
Nielsen: Uma ngithi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kumele ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-95 awo wonke umthelela wemvelo, umphakathi uzoqonda ukuthi amanani akhuphukayo akhuphuka ukuze athathe isinyathelo ngokushesha ukwehlisa izindleko zethu. Ukunciphisa izindleko kusho ukubheka isixazululo sokubasa kancane ngangokunokwenzeka uphethiloli. Okokuqala siqondisa inethiwekhi yethu ngokunciphisa izindiza ezingenanzuzo encane, sihlanganise amaza emizileni enabantu abaningi futhi simise ezinye izindiza eziyi-11. Siya ngokuya sihlupheka ngenxa yomthamo omkhulu njengoba uphethiloli ubiza kakhulu. Kusukela ngo-2005, saqala uhlelo ngenhloso yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngamaphesenti ayisi-6 kuye kwayi-7 ngo-2011. Kufanele sesifinyelele kumaphesenti amathathu ekupheleni kuka-3. Ziningi izindlela zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli: ukukhulisa isisindo sendiza. , ukunciphisa isivinini sendiza, ukwenza imikhumbi yethu ibe yesimanje ngendiza esetshenziswa kancane noma ukushintsha nezinqubo zethu zokundiza. Umgomo wesikhathi eside wemboni yethu ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-carbon dioxide (CO²) kumgibeli ngamunye ngamaphesenti angama-2008 ngo-50 ngokukhula okumaphakathi komsebenzi wethu ngamaphesenti ama-2020…
Ukhuluma ngokushintsha izinqubo zendiza. Zisebenza kahle kangakanani izinqubo zakho zokuhlalisa okuluhlaza?
U-Nielsen: Ngokuvamile sibambisana neziphathimandla zikazwelonke zokulawula ukuthuthwa kwezindiza ukuze sibheke izinqubo zokundiza kahle kakhulu. I-SAS njengesibonelo inkampani yezindiza yokuqala eYurophu ukwethula indlela eluhlaza, inqubo eyenziwa ngokubambisana neSwedish Civil Aviation [Luftfartsverket]. Indlela eluhlaza okomzuzwana yenziwa esikhumulweni sezindiza sase-Stockholm Arlanda nge-Boeing 737 kanye ne-Airbus A340 emzileni waseChicago. Kuhileleke ukuhlalisa okungaba ngu-2,500 2006 kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo ekupheleni kuka-42. Kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, ecela ukuqeqeshwa okuphelele kubalawuli bezindiza njengoba kufanele kakade balandelele indiza emizuzwini engu-150 ngaphambi kokuba ifike. Izilawuli zethrafikhi yezindiza kanye nabashayeli bezindiza kufanele baxhumane ukuze bathole indlela emfishane yokufika ngenxa yalokho okunekhabhoni ephansi kakhulu engenzeka. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukufika okunjalo konga cishe u-450 kg kaphethiloli noma u-XNUMX kg we-CO² ekhishwayo. Isikhumulo sezindiza saseGothenburg sethula indlela eluhlaza kulo nyaka. Manje sikhuluma nesikhumulo sezindiza sase-Copenhagen kanye ne-Norway Civil Aviation ukuze sibheke ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuqaliswa lapho.
Kuthiwani ngokonga ngokunciphisa isivinini? Ngabe akubeki abagibeli esimeni njengoba belahlekelwa yisikhathi emoyeni?
I-Nielsen: Ukonga ngokunciphisa isivinini ngo-60 kuya ku-70 km kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuzokonga phakathi kuka-250 no-300 kg kaphethiloli endizeni ngayinye. Sizama izindiza ngesivinini esincishisiwe kumzila we-Oslo-Bergen. Ihumusha abagibeli kube imizuzu emithathu ngaphezulu ngesikhathi sokundiza uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwezikhathi lwangaphambilini. Ngikholwa ukuthi kubekezeleleka ngokuphelele kubagibeli.
Ingabe ubheka enye imithombo yamafutha?
Nielsen: Besilokhu sisekela ososayensi baseSweden ngokubambisana neVolvo Aero kanye noHulumeni waseSweden ukuthi basebenzele ukwakha uphethiloli wendiza entsha exuba uphethiloli wendabuko nezinto ezingavuthiwe ezivuselelekayo. Kumele ngigcizelele ukuthi sifuna ukusebenzisa i-biomass kuphela okungezona izilimo zokudla njengolwelwe. Yilokhu esikubiza nge-biofuel yesizukulwane sesibili noma sesithathu. Ukukhiqizwa kukaphethiloli okusha okunjalo kungasisiza ukuthi sinciphise ukukhishwa kwe-CO² ngamaphesenti ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20.
Ukwenza ingqalasizinda isebenze kahle ngokuyisisekelo ukuhlela kabusha ukuphathwa kokulawulwa kwezindiza. Uphumelela kangakanani ukushintsha izinto?
I-Nielsen: Ukulawulwa kwethrafikhi yomoya okuthuthukisiwe nge-European Sky kungahumusheka ekongeni uphethiloli ngamaphesenti ayi-10 kuye kwayi-15 ngemiphumela efanayo ekuncishisweni kokungcoliswa komoya. Sesivele sisebenzisana kakhulu ne-ATC emazweni aseScandinavia nase-Baltic ukuze sakhe i-Nordic Single Sky. Ukubambisana sekuqalile kakade phakathi kweziphathimandla zezindiza zomphakathi eDenmark naseSweden kwaba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Ezinye iziphathimandla zesikhumulo sezindiza eScandinavia zikhononda ngokuthi imikhumbi yakho egugayo edonsa kanzima iwumthombo wokwanda kokungcola. Uphendula uthini kulokhu?
Nielsen: Kuyiqiniso ukuthi i-MD80 yethu kanye nenye ye-Boeing 737 yethu ivela esizukulwaneni sangaphambili, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ziyizindiza ezonga kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, imikhumbi ye-SAS isivele yakhiwe ngamaphesenti angama-75 ezindiza zomoya zesizukulwane esisha. Mayelana namaphesenti angu-25 asele, asinalo uhlelo lokuwashintsha ngokushesha. Sizokwenza isimemezelo ngokuvuselelwa kwemikhumbi yethu yemikhumbi emifushane namaphakathi phakathi neminyaka emi-3. Sibhekene nenkinga: ingabe kufanele sishintshe indiza yethu kancane kancane ukuze sizuze ngokushesha ukuncishiswa komsindo nokongiwa kukaphethiloli ngamaphesenti ayishumi kuye kwayi-10 noma kufanele silinde isizukulwane esilandelayo sezindiza? Abakhiqizi abafana ne-Airbus ne-Boeing balinganisela ukuthi isizukulwane esisha sendiza sizokonga amaphesenti angama-15 ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli. Indiza enjalo ngeke ilunge ngaphambi kuka-30. Okwamanje, sithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwendiza yethu. Sisanda kwengeza ama-winglets ezindizeni ezingu-2016 eziletha ukonga uphethiloli ngamaphesenti amabili kuya kwamathathu.
I-SAS ingesinye sezindiza ezimbalwa ezisekela i-Emission Trading System eYurophu. Kungani?
Nielsen: Sithola ukuthi kuyindlela efanelekile yokusebenzisa izinkampani zezindiza zibe uhlelo lwesinxephezelo sekhabhoni njengoba kuzosiza ekwehliseni ukungcola okusebenzayo. Sicabanga ukuthi lolu hlelo lulungile kunezintela ezihlukene zikazwelonke nezindleko ezithwalisa kanzima imboni yezindiza namuhla ngaphandle kokufakazela noma yiluphi uhlobo lokusebenza kahle emgomweni wabo. Uhlelo oluklanyelwe ukuhweba nge-emissions luzokwamukeleka uma lungavimbeli izinkampani zezindiza ukuthi ziqhubeke nokukhula.
LOKHO ONGAKUTHATHE KULESI SIHLOKO:
- The airline remains one of the most innovative in the world to look at reducing the impact of its activities on the environment and can be used as a benchmark for other carriers.
- SAS is for example the first airline in Europe to introduce green approach, a procedure conducted in cooperation with the Swedish Civil Aviation [Luftfartsverket].
- We have been supporting Swedish scientists in cooperation with Volvo Aero and the Swedish Government to work on developing a new aircraft fuel mixing traditional petroleum with renewable raw materials.
