UNESCO UNWTO kanye nePalestine: I-USA ne-Israel ishiya i-UNESCO

Okwamanje UNWTO I-General Assembly e-Chengdu, e-China, iphuzu elilodwa lokuxoxisana kwaba ukwamukelwa kwePalestine njengelungu eligcwele. I-Backroom diplomacy, ingcindezi ka-Israyeli ukuthi ihambe UNWTO, kanye nengcindezi ye-United States yabangela ukuba iPalestine ihlehlise ivoti lobulungu bayo obugcwele emgudwini wezokuvakasha womhlaba eminye iminyaka emi-2.

I-United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) inobudlelwane obuseduze neWorld Tourism Organisation (UNWTO). Ngo-2011, i-UNESCO yamukela iPalestine njengelungu eligcwele. I-Palestine ifake isicelo sobulungu obugcwele UNWTO.

Lokhu kwavusa umthetho wase-US onqamule imali yaseMelika yanoma iyiphi inhlangano eyamukela iPalestine ezimele. Izwe laseMelika phambilini lalikhokhele amaphesenti angama-22 ($ 80 million) wesabelomali sonyaka se-UNESCO.

Lokhu bekubukeka kungajwayelekile, ngoba i-UNESCO iyinhlangano ebonakala ingamukeleki kangako: Umsebenzi wayo ovelele kakhulu wukuqoka nokuvikela izimpawu zomhlaba ezisemthethweni, ezibizwa ngamasayithi e-World Heritage - izindawo ezifana ne-Alamo neGreat Barrier Reef, iGrand Canyon. Yisiphi isizathu esingaba khona i-US sokuyeka inhlangano ezinikele kumasiko nesayensi?

Isizathu yiPalestine. Isizathu ngu-Israyeli.

Okokuqala, i-US yasika uxhaso lwe-UNESCO ngemuva kokuba iPalestine yamukelwe njengezwe eliyilungu, manje uMongameli wase-United States uTrump uzoshiya i-UNESCO ngo-2018, futhi emizuzwini engemingaki lokhu kwagcizelelwa yi-Israel. Amalungelo okuvota aseMelika asuswe futhi avalwa ngenxa yokuthi i-United States ibisalela emuva emalini yobulungu.

Ngo-1984, abaphathi bakaReagan bakhipha ukukhungatheka kwabo nge-UN ku-UNESCO ngezinsolo zokulwa ne-US, ne-pro-Soviet bias e-UN (kwathatha kwaze kwaba ngu-2002 ukuthi i-US iphinde ijoyine). Kungakho futhi abantu basePalestine, bekhungathekile ngokwehluleka kwezingxoxo ezixhaswe yi-US ukukhiqiza isivumelwano sokuthula, baphoqelelwa ukuthi babhekwe njengelungu lelungu le-UNESCO: Bekuyindawo lapho bebe nethuba lokuthola khona isimo sobuzwe, futhi ngakho-ke, ngombono, kufaka ingcindezi engaphezulu kwezombusazwe ku-Israyeli ukuthi ahlale phansi axoxisane.

AbasePalestine bathole ubulungu babo be-UNESCO ngo-2011 kumugqa ongu-107-14 (yize amazwe angama-52 ayekile). Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuveze okuncane endleleni yenqubekela phambili esivumelwaneni sokuthula sakwa-Israyeli-nePalestina - futhi imiphumela yokunqanyulwa kosizo okwalandela kwe-UNESCO ibe mibi kakhulu. UKlaus Hüfner, uchwepheshe we-UNESCO eGlobal Policy Forum, wakubiza ngokuthi “inkinga yezimali.”

I-United States ayilona ilungu le- UNWTO. Ngabe lokhu kungasho ukuthi i-US ayisoze yaba yilungu inqobo nje uma kusaqhubeka ingxoxo yokuthi iPalestine ijoyine inhlangano yezokuvakasha? Manje iPalestine isiyingqapheli. Ingabe u-Israyeli uzohamba UNWTO? Ilinde ukubukwa kanti ingcolile ipolitiki yobugovu phela.

UNdunankulu wase-Israel uBenjamin Netanyahu usincomile isinqumo seMelika sokushiya i-UNESCO "njengesibindi nokuziphatha," kusho isitatimende.

Inhloko ye-United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) izwakalise “ukuzisola okukhulu” ngoLwesine ngesinqumo se-United States sokuhoxa kule nhlangano.

“Lokhu ukulahlekelwa yi-UNESCO. Lokhu ukulahlekelwa emndenini weZizwe Ezihlangene. Lokhu kuwukulahlekelwa ngenxa yamazwe amaningi, ”kusho uMqondisi-Jikelele we-UNESCO u-Irina Bokova esitatimendeni.

"Ubumbano lubaluleke kakhulu enhlosweni ye-UNESCO yokuqinisa ukuthula nokuphepha kwamazwe omhlaba lapho kubhekene nenzondo nodlame, ukuvikela amalungelo abantu kanye nesithunzi," wengeza, ephawula ukuthi i-UNESCO izoqhubeka nokwakha ikhulu lama-21 elinobulungiswa, ukuthula, nokulingana.

UNkk. Bokova ukhumbule ukuthi ngo-2011, lapho i-US imisa ukukhokhwa kwemali yobulungu bayo, wayeqiniseka ukuthi i-UNESCO ayikaze ibaluleke kangako e-US noma ngakolunye uhlangothi.

"Lokhu kuyiqiniso kakhulu namuhla," eqhubeka, "lapho ukwanda kobushokobezi obunobudlova nobuphekula kudinga izimpendulo ezintsha zesikhathi eside zokuthula nokuphepha, ukulwa nobandlululo nokulwa nobandlululo, ukulwa nokungazi nokucwaswa."

UNks. Bokova uchaze inkolelo yakhe yokuthi abantu baseMelika bayazeseka izenzo ze-UNESCO zokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obusha bokufunda; thuthukisa ukubambisana kwesayensi, ukuze kube nokusimama olwandle; ukugqugquzela inkululeko yokukhuluma, ukuvikela ukuphepha kwezintatheli; ukunika amandla amantombazane nabesifazane njengabenzi bezinguquko nabakhi bokuthula; qinisa imiphakathi ebhekene nezimo eziphuthumayo, izinhlekelele kanye nezingxabano; nokuqhubekisela phambili imfundo yokufunda nokubhala kanye nekhwalithi.

“Yize sigodliwe imali, kusukela ngo-2011, siqinise ukubambisana phakathi kwe-United States ne-UNESCO, okungakaze kube nenjongo engaka,” kugcizelela lokho. "Ngokubambisana, sisebenzele ukuvikela amasiko esintu ahlanganyelwe ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa amaphekula nokuvikela ukuqeda ubudlova ngemfundo nangokubhala kwabezindaba."

Ubambiswano phakathi kwe-UNESCO ne-US “selususelwa kumanani abiwe.”

UMqondisi-Jikelele unikeze izibonelo zokusebenzisana ngaleso sikhathi, njengokuqalisa i-Global Partnership for Girls 'and Women Education kanye nokugubha uSuku Lwenkululeko Lwezindaba Enyakatho Yezwe eWashington, DC, neNational Endowment for Democracy.

Ubuye futhi wakhuluma ngomlando omude wemizamo ehlangene, ehlanganisa ukusebenzisana noSamuel Pisar ongasekho, Inxusa Elihloniphekile kanye noMthunywa Okhethekile Wokuqothulwa Kwesizwe, ukukhuthaza imfundo yokukhumbula ukuQothulwa Kwesizwe emhlabeni wonke ukulwa nobandlululo kanye nokubulawa kwabantu namuhla; ukusebenzisana nezinkampani ezinkulu zase-US iMicrosoft, Cisco, Procter & Gamble kanye ne-Intel ukugcina amantombazane esikoleni futhi kukhuliswa ubuchwepheshe bokufunda okusezingeni; futhi sisebenza ne-US Geological Survey, i-US Army Corps of Engineers, kanye nemiphakathi yezobuchwepheshe yase-US ukuqhubekisela phambili ucwaningo lokuphathwa okusimeme kwemithombo yamanzi, ezolimo.

"Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-UNESCO ne-United States bube bujulile, ngoba buye basebenzisa izindinganiso ezihlanganyelwe," kugcizelela uNksz Bokova.

Ecaphuna imigqa kumthethosisekelo we-UNESCO wango-1945 owenziwe yi-US Librarian of Congress u-Archibald MacLeish - “selokhu izimpi ziqala ezingqondweni zabantu, kusezingqondweni zabantu ukuthi kumele kuvikelwe ukuthula” - uthe lo mbono awukaze usebenze kakhulu , futhi wengeza ukuthi i-US isize ukukhuthaza i-UNESCO World Heritage Convention yango-1972.

Ebiza umsebenzi walesi sikhungo “njengesihluthulelo sokuqinisa izibopho zamagugu esintu ajwayelekile lapho sibhekene namabutho enzondo nokwehlukana,” uphawule ukubaluleka kwezimpawu zeGugu Lomhlaba e-US, njengeSitatimende Sokukhululeka, njengokungeyona nje ichaza uphawu lwase-US kepha ikhulumela abantu emhlabeni jikelele.

"I-UNESCO izoqhubeka nokusebenzela ubumbano lwale Nhlangano, ngezindinganiso esabelana ngazo, ngezinhloso esivumelanayo ngazo, ukuqinisa ukuhleleka kwezizwe eziningi kanye nezwe elinokuthula, elinobulungiswa," kuphetha uNksz Bokova.

Le nhlangano yaziwa ngokuqokwa kwezindawo ezingamagugu omhlaba ezinjengeSyria iPalmyra kanye ne-US Grand Canyon.

Inhloko ye-UNESCO u-Irina Bokova phambilini wabiza ukuhoxa kwe-United States ngokuthi "ukuzisola okukhulu".

Uvumile, nokho, ukuthi “ukusetshenziswa kwezombusazwe” “sekuyithwalise kanzima” le nhlangano eminyakeni edlule.

Ukuhoxa kumele ukulahlekelwa "komndeni we-UN" kanye nokubandakanya amazwe amaningi, UNkk Bokova wanezela.

Ukuhoxa kwe-US kuzosebenza ekupheleni kukaDisemba 2018 - kuze kube yileso sikhathi, i-US izohlala iyilungu eligcwele. Izwe laseMelika lizosungula umkhankaso wokuqapha kule nhlangano ezinze eParis ukuze ithathe isikhundla sabamele, kusho umnyango wezwe.