Umbukiso omkhulu wezithombe zikaVictoria udonsa izixuku zabantu eNational Portrait Gallery eLondon. AmaVictorian Giants: Ukuzalwa Kwezithombe Zobuciko kungokokuqala ukuhlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwabaculi abane abaphula umhlaba. Idwetshwe emaqoqweni omphakathi nawangasese emhlabeni jikelele, ifaka ezinye zezithombe ezinhle kakhulu emlandweni wezithombe, kufaka phakathi eziningi ezingakaze zibonwe eBrithani selokhu zenziwa.
UDuchess waseCambridge, obengumphathi weNational Portrait Gallery kusukela ngonyaka ka-2012, ukhethe izithombe eziyisikhombisa kulo mbukiso abhalele kuwo amazwibela akhonjiswe eceleni kwezithombe. UDuchess, umthwebuli wezithombe onentshiseko, ubhale nesandulela sekhathalogi yombukiso lapho exoxa khona ngokuthanda kwakhe ukuthwebula izithombe ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, okuyisihloko somqondo wakhe wokuthweswa iziqu ngenkathi eyisitshudeni somlando wobuciko e-University of St. Andrews. Ubuye achaze nokuthi izithombe zezingane, ezigqame kakhulu embukisweni, zimthakazelisa kakhulu.
Umbukiso uthinta isiko elide lokwesekwa kwezithombe ezivela eBritish Royal Family. AbakwaDuchess baveza ukuthi iNdlovukazi uVictoria ikakhulukazi uPrince Albert, baba ngabaphathi abashisekayo bohlobo olusha lobuciko kulandela ukwenziwa kwalo ngo-1839. ubolekiswe umbukiso eRoyal Collection eWindsor.
AmaVictorian Giants: Ukuzalwa kwe-Art Photography kuletha ndawonye izithombe zokuqala zika-Oscar Rejlander (1813-75), Lewis Carroll (1832-98), Julia Margaret Cameron (1815-79), noLady Clementina Hawarden (1822-65) ). Laba bobane badala umfelandawonye ongalindelekile. URejlander wayeyimigrig yaseSweden enesikhathi esedlule esingaqondakali; UCameron wayengumuntu waseminyakeni ephakathi nendawo owayevela kwelinye izwe laseCeylon (manje eyiSri Lanka); UCarroll wayengumfundi wase-Oxford futhi engumbhali wezincwadi zamaphupho; noLady Clementina wayeyilungu lomnumzane osefikile, eyingane yeqhawe lasolwandle laseScotland nobuhle baseSpain, emncane ngeminyaka engama-26. Kodwa-ke, bobathathu bafunda kafushane ngaphansi kukaRejlander, futhi bagcina ukuzihlanganisa okuhlala njalo, beshintshana ngemibono ngokuthwebula nokulandisa. Bethonywe umdwebo womlando futhi bavame ukuhlotshaniswa nobuzalwane be-Pre-Raphaelite, bakha ibhuloho phakathi kobuciko besikhathi esedlule nobuciko bakusasa, bemi njengezidlakela zeqiniso ezithombeni zaseVictoria. Isimo sabo sengqondo sokuqophela izithombe sithathe ulwazi ngobuciko kusukela lapho.
Izithombe zikaLewis Carroll zika-Alice Liddell, umnyuziyamu wakhe ka-Alice eWonderland, ziphakathi kwezinto ezivelele kwiqoqo leNational Portrait Gallery's. Okungaziwa kakhulu izithombe ezenziwe ngo-Alice eminyakeni edlule, zimbonisa esekhulile. Umbukiso uhlanganisa le misebenzi okokuqala ngqa.
Izivakashi ziyabona ukuthi umthwebuli wezithombe ngamunye wasondela kanjani endabeni efanayo; bobabili uCameron noRejlander bathwebula imbongi u-Alfred, Lord Tennyson, nososayensi uCharles Darwin, kanti uCarroll noCameron bathwebula isithombe somlingisi, u-Ellen Terry. Umbukiso uhlanganisa nezifundo ezidumile zemizwa yomuntu uRejlander azenzela uDarwin, ebolekiswe eDarwin Archive eCambridge University Library. Lo mbukiso uhlanganisa izithombe zabanye abahleli, okwakungaba “osaziwayo” banamuhla abanjengoDante Gabriel Rossetti noThomas Carlyle.
UDkt. Nicholas Cullinan, uMqondisi, i-National Portrait Gallery, eLondon, uthi: “I-National Portrait Gallery ingesinye sezithombe ezinhle kunazo zonke ezithathwe ezithombeni zaseVictoria emhlabeni. Kuyasijabulisa ukuthi uMxhasi wethu, u-HRH amaDuchess aseCambridge, uwusekele lo mbukiso ngendlela eqonde ngqo nangokomuntu siqu, ngoba ubanentshisekelo ende kuloludaba. Njengenjwayelo, kuyinhlanhla ukusebenzisana naye. Kanye neminye imicebo yeGalari engabonakali kakhulu, njengokuphikiswa kwasekuqaleni komunye wemidwebo kaLewis Carroll ka-Alice Liddell nemifanekiso ka-Alice nezingane zakubo eziboniswa okokuqala ngqa, lo mbukiso uyithuba elingandile lokubona imisebenzi bobane laba baculi abasungula izinto futhi abanethonya. ”
UPhillip Prodger, iNhloko Yezithombe, i-National Portrait Gallery, eLondon, nomgcini weVictorian Giants: The Birth of Art Photography, uthi: “Lapho abantu becabanga ngezithombe zama-Victorian, kwesinye isikhathi bacabanga ngezithombe ezilukhuni neziqinile zabesifazane abagqoke izingubo ze-crinoline, futhi amadoda afake izigqoko. IVictorian Giants ayilutho. Lapha izivakashi zingabona ukuzalwa komqondo - okuluhlaza, okuvuthayo, okokuhlola - iVictorian avant-garde, hhayi nje ekuthatheni izithombe, kodwa kwezobuciko ezinkulu. Imisebenzi kaCameron, uCarroll, uHawarden noRejlander yashintsha unomphela ngokucabanga ngezithombe nangamandla ayo okucacisa. Lezi yizithombe ezikhuthazayo nezijabulisayo. Futhi lo ngumbukiso obeka obala amandla angenakulinganiswa okudala nethemba elize nokuzalwa kwezindlela ezintsha zokubona. ”
Kuze kwaba ngawo-1850s lapho umbono wezithombe zobuciko waqala ukubamba. Yize abaculi abane ababoniswe kulo mbukiso babazana, ngamunye wakhetha indlela ehlukile yokwakha izithombe ezethula umbono ohlukahlukene wezithombe. Babedlala bezungeza endaweni engaziwa. Lo mbukiso usikhombisa nezingqinamba zobuchwepheshe obekufanele bezehlule. Namuhla, lapho umuntu engathatha izithombe komakhalekhukhwini nakwamanye amadivayisi, azihlele futhi azisabalalise emhlabeni wonke ngemizuzwana, kulula ukukhohlwa ukuthi ukuthwebula izithombe ngesikhathi sikaVictoria kwakuyinqubo ehamba kancane futhi enzima. I-National Portrait Gallery kufanele inconywe ngokudonsela ukunakekela ekhonweni, ekuzinikeleni, nasemandleni okudala amaphayona aphakanyisela ukuthatha izithombe ngendlela yobuciko.
I-VICTORIAN GIANTS: UKUZALWA KWEZithombe zobuciko
Mashi 1, 2018 kuya kuMeyi 20, 2018, National Portrait Gallery, eLondon
