Ngifuna Umntwana: Ukuhamba Ngenhloso!

1. Isifiso sokuba nengane asigcini ngokuthola imali, ubudala, ubulili, noma i-geography.
2. Ucwaningo lucacisa iqiniso lokuthi abesifazane abavela emazweni anemali ephansi nephakathi (ama-LMIC) kanye nabavela emadolobheni amakhulu ase-Europe naseMelika bazohamba bayozala umntwana.
3. I-World Health Organization ilinganisela ukuthi umbhangqwana oyedwa kwabane kuma-LMIC unezinkinga zokuzala.

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Ukwenza Ingane

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi imibhangqwana eyizigidi eziyi-186 kula mazwe (ngaphandle kweChina) ichithe okungenani iminyaka emihlanu izama ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kwempumelelo. Ngenkathi izimo zezokwelapha zivamile ezinkingeni zokuzala emazweni angaphandle kwengcebo, kwamanye amasiko, abesifazane abangatholi abantwana bavame ukugwenywa yimindeni yabo futhi bakhishwe emisebenzini yezenhlalo nasemasikweni amasiko. Banamathuba amaningi okuthi babe yizisulu zodlame lwasekhaya noma bahlukaniswe ngabayeni babo. Ngenkathi ukungabi nenzalo kunamathuba amaningi okuvela ezinkingeni zesistimu yokuzala yowesilisa njengowesifazane, imvamisa kuba ngabesifazane abasolwa ngokwehluleka ukukhiqiza ingane.

Udaba Lwezempilo

Ukungatholi abantwana kubhekwa njengenkinga yezempilo enzima futhi kuthinta amaphesenti angama-8-10 emibhangqwana emhlabeni jikelele. ICenters for Disease Control (CDC – 2013) kanye neHhovisi Lezempilo Yabesifazane (2019) bathole ukuthi amaphesenti angu-9 amadoda namaphesenti angu-10 abesifazane abaneminyaka engu-15 – 44 babhekene nezinselelo zokungazali e-US kanye nombiko we-Reproductive Biological Endocrinology (2015) inqume ukuthi imibhangqwana elinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-48.5 ithola inzalo emhlabeni wonke.

The Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC) ilinganisela ukuthi izakhamizi zase-US ezingama-750,000 ziya phesheya ukuthola usizo lwezempilo unyaka nonyaka. Ukuvakasha kwenzalo njengamanje ilawula ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ama-5 emakethe ecishe ibe ngama- $ 55 billion (2014) emakethe yezokuvakasha kwezokwelapha; kodwa-ke, kulindeleke ukuthi icishe iphindwe kane ngosayizi eminyakeni embalwa ezayo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi imakethe yomhlaba wonke yobuchwepheshe bokusiza bokuzala ikhiqize imali engamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama- $ 22.3 (2015) nemithi yokuzala ibe yinkambu yemithi ekhula ngokushesha.

Kwenzenjani?

Abantu bayavuma ukuthi babhekene "nezinkinga zokuzala," lapho bengakwazi ukukhulelwa emtholampilo ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 zokuzama ukuya ocansini. Ukungabi nabantwana, noma ukungakwazi ukukhulelwa, kuthinta cishe amaphesenti angu-8-12 emibhangqwana efuna ukukhulelwa, noma abantu abayizigidi ezingu-186 emhlabeni jikelele. Kwezinye izindawo, izilinganiso zokungazali zidlula isilinganiso somhlaba wonke futhi zingaya phezulu zifike kumaphesenti angama-30 kuye ngezwe.

Izinqubo eziyinhloko i-in-vitro fertilization (IVF), ukufakelwa ekhaya ngomnikeli kanye ne-surrogacy futhi ehlotshaniswa ne-Assisted Reproductive Technology (ARTs).

Izisusa zokuhamba ukuze uthole usizo lwezokwelapha zibangelwa umshuwalense wokunakekelwa kwezempilo onganele noma ongenawo nhlobo ekhaya kanye nezimfuneko ezikhulayo zezinqubo okungenzeka zingabandakanywa ezinhlelweni zomshwalense ezitholakalayo njengokwelashwa kokuzala, ukunikezwa kabusha kobulili, ukwakhiwa kabusha kwamazinyo, nokuhlinzwa kwezimonyo.

Abanye abavakashi bazibandakanya ekuvakasheni kokuzala lapho bebona ukuthi odokotela abangcono (noma abathuthukisiwe) bezokuzala bayatholakala ngaphandle komphakathi wabo oseduze kuyilapho abanye befuna ukwelashwa kokuzala ngaphandle kwendawo yabo ukuze bagweme imithetho, izinyathelo eziseceleni zomthetho/zokuziphatha/zenkolo noma eminye imikhawulo, kanye/noma ugweme uhlu olude lokulinda.

Izizwe eziningi azikuvumeli ukwelashwa kwenzalo kwabashadile bobulili obufanayo noma kwabesifazane abangashadile. Ngokusho kwabaphathi be-Institute for Development and Integration of Healthcare (IDIS Foundation), “izizathu ezenza abantu baye kwamanye amazwe beyofuna imithi yokwelapha inzalo zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba: izindleko, ikhwalithi, nokutholakala kokwelashwa…”

Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe kunodokotela abahamba phambili nemitholampilo esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu amathuba okuba nengane ngosizo lwesayensi yezokwelapha ayinkulu. Kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-35, amaphesenti angama-36 kuphela azokhulelwa ngomjikelezo ngamunye we-IVF besebenzisa amaqanda abo angafriziwe (CDC). Ngeminyaka yobudala engama-41, kungaphansi kwengxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zalokho; ngemuva kwama-42, izinombolo zehla ngesinye isigamu ukuya kumaphesenti ayi-6. Amanani we-IVF asebenzisa iqanda lomnikeli aphezulu kodwa asephansi kunamaphesenti angama-50. Ngenkathi amazinga empumelelo ebonakala egcwala kumawebhusayithi asemtholampilo, uCarolin Schurr, isazi sokuma komhlaba e-University of Bern ofunda ngomkhakha wezenzalo wezizwe ngezizwe unamazinga empumelelo akhangisiwe ngoba “kuya ngokuthi uwabala kanjani, futhi kunendawo enkulu ukukhohlisa. ”

Ngaphandle kwedatha, ezokuvakasha zokuzala ziyakhula njengoba ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okungcono kutholakala ezindaweni ezidinga uhambo futhi izikhungo zezokwelapha zendawo zinikeza iziguli ubuchwepheshe besimanje, imithi emisha, izinto zesimanjemanje, izihambi ezithuthukisiwe, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu “ngenani. ” amanani.