Emhlabeni jikelele ziya ngokwanda isibalo sabantu “abadla ukudla okungenamsoco,” futhi ngo-2025, imakethe ukudla kosher kungenzeka idlule ku-$25.6 billion. Ukuphuthuma kwe ukudla kosher neziphuzo kuhle kuwe futhi kuhle emphefumulweni wakho njengoba imikhiqizo egqoke uphawu lwe-kosher ithobela imithetho nemithethonqubo njengoba itholakala kuMthetho Wezokudla WamaJuda.
Ngaphambi kokuqinisekiswa kwe-kosher, zonke izithako ekudleni naseziphuzweni kanye nemishini esetshenziswa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ihlolwa ngokucophelela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungowokushelela, ungewona owe-kosher, we-vegan, ongadli imifino kanye/noma uphonselwa inselelo ngenxa yokungalungi, ingxenye ye-kosher yezitolo ezinkulu ezingu-00000 kanye nezitolo zewayini kungenzeka kube indawo ephephe kunazo zonke yokuthola izithako zebhrantshi, isidlo sasemini nesidlo sakusihlwa. Ukucaca ekulungiseni ukudla nesiphuzo kanye nezithako kanye nokulula kokuhlonza ulwazi lwe-kosher kulebula kubuyisela injabulo yokupheka.
Ekupheleni kosuku, lokho umthengi olambile akufunayo kuwukudla okuhle, ingilazi emnandi yewayini kanye ne-scotch ebushelelezi (noma i-vodka, i-gin, njll.). I-Torah ikhuluma ngokudla ngokwakha imithetho ye-kashrut ngaphakathi kwe-parashah (ingxenye yeTorah yamasonto onke) yobungcwele, ixhumanisa ukudla nobudlelwane no-Gd.
UNachmanides (isazi esingumJuda esivelele sangenkathi ephakathi, urabi waseSephardic, isazi sefilosofi, udokotela, i-kabbalist, nomhlaziyi weBhayibheli), waphawula ukuthi izici zezilwane ezinonya ezingadlali zidlulela kulowo ozidlayo. Imithetho ize yeluleke nokuthi owesifazane okufanele adle ukudla okungeyona i-kosher ngenxa yezizathu zezokwelapha AKUMELE ancelise ingane yakhe ngesikhathi esifanayo, kodwa kunalokho, athole omunye wesifazane ozoyincelisa (noma asebenzise ubisi lwebhodlela losana).
Ukudla kwe-Kosher bekugxilwe kakhulu emcimbini wakamuva we-Kosher Food and Wine eNew York. Abaningi abahlinzeki bokudla abasha abamelwe bahlangabezana nezidingo ze-gourmet kanye ne-gourmand:
• I-Wall Street Grill. Irayisi eli-crispy, i-tuna e-Spicy ne-salmon, i-Guacamole ne-soy sauce, i-mayo ebabayo ne-jalapeno
• Imabula & Okusanhlamvu. I-Beef Nigiri ne-Wasabi cream; Inyama Yenkomo Carpaccio with Silan Molasses, Pistachio Dust and Pink Salt
• I-Pizza Biza. Inkukhu Aioli, Brisket kanye Pastrami
• U-Miele Gelato no-Sorbet. Izinhlobo eziyi-12 ze-gelato, i-sorbet kanye ne-sorbet enambitheka utshwala
Ukwazi ukuthi umkhiqizo unesitifiketi se-kosher kuvumela umthengi ukuthi athembe ukuthi ukudla okusepuletini kuhlanzekile futhi kunempilo futhi akubandakanyi izinto ezimelene nazo ezifana nezimbaza. Iphinde inikeze isiqiniseko kuma-vegans njengoba kwenzeka kumakhukhi e-Oreo, okuthi, ngaphambi kokushintshela ku-kosher (ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990) ayequkethe isinqumelo (amafutha engulube).
Iwayini leKosher
Akuwona wonke amawayini adalwe alinganayo.
Miningi imihlahlandlela yabakhiqizi bewayini abafuna ukufakwa esigabeni se-kosher sesitolo sewayini:
1. Ama-Vintners akhiqiza iwayini le-kosher awakwazi ukuqasha izisebenzi ezingebona amaJuda.
2. Lapho uphakela iwayini le-kosher esidlweni amaJuda aqaphile kuphela avunyelwe ukunikeza iwayini.
3. Kodwa-ke, uma iwayini seliphekiwe (mevushai ngesiHebheru), i-flash pasteurized noma i-flash détente, futhi amagilebhisi kufanele (umkhiqizo ochotshoziwe) ashiswe isikhathi esifushane kuze kufike ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu KULUNGILE kwabangewona amaJuda. ukukhiqiza, ukuphakela nokujabulela iwayini.
4. Inqubo ye-mevushal isiphenduke imfashini kumawayini angafuni ukubizwa nge-kosher njengoba iwusizo ekususeni amaphutha amagilebhisi angavuthiwe.
5. Inqubo ye-mevushal ivumela iwayini ukuthi liphathwe yinoma ubani futhi umenzi wewayini akagcini ngokuqasha amaJuda agcina iSabatha kuphela.
6. Amawayini amaningi eprimiyamu enziwa angewona ama-mevushal njengoba abenzi bewayini abaningi befuna ukulawula ngokuphelele iwayini labo kanye nomthelela omncane wangaphandle ngangokunokwenzeka emkhiqizweni wabo.
Ukuze kube yi-kosher, imvubelo kanye nama-fining agents kanye nemikhiqizo yokuhlanza kufanele kube kosher. Ama-fining agents asetshenziswa abanye abenzi bewayini ukuze basuse ama-colloid noma izici ezingadingeki zewayini okuhlanganisa ukucaciswa kombala, iphunga elimnandi noma okubabayo nokuzinzisa.
Lawa ma-ejenti abophezela engxenyeni engafuneki futhi angahlungwa. Ngokwesiko lawa ma-ejenti ahlanganisa impushane yegazi elomisiwe; Nokho, namuhla ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izigaba ezimbili - izinhlanganisela eziphilayo ezivela ezilwaneni kanye izinto eziqinile noma amaminerali.
Izingxube ze-organic zihlanganisa: amaqanda amhlophe, i-isinglass (esuka esinyeni senhlanzi), i-gelatin (kusuka ku-collagen yezilwane) noma i-casein (etholakala obisini). Izinto eziqinile/zamaminerali zihlanganisa: ubumba lwe-bentonite olugayiwe, ikhabhoni yamalahle ecushiwe ne-potassium ferrocyanide.
Abenzi bewayini abaningi bakhetha ukungawahlawulisi amawayini abo njengoba bekhathazekile ngokulahlekelwa yizinhlanganisela ezibalulekile zephunga nephunga. Isidingo esikhulayo semikhiqizo ye-vegan ne-kosher ibambe iqhaza lapho kusetshenziswa khona ama-ejenti wokuhlawulisa, uma ekhona. Njengoba ukuthandwa “kokwenziwa kwewayini kwemvelo” kwanda, abenzi bewayini bafuna umkhiqizo oqediwe wemvelo kakhulu futhi bazame ukugwema ama-fining agents.
Abaholi bemboni yewayini njenge-Edmond de Rothschild Heritage estates, kanye nenkampani entsha yewayini evela emndenini wakwa-Ben Zaken (abanikazi be-Domaine du Castel) bethule amawayini acwebileyo kanye nemixube ye-Syrah ne-Carignan emcimbini we-Kosher Food and Wine. Amawayini avela eFrance amelwe kahle ngamagama avela eBordeaux, naseRhone Valley. I-Herzog Wine Cellars, ephethwe yi-Royal Winery e-Oxnard, CA yethule i-Baron Herzog kanye ne-Herzog Generation III. Abadlali abakhulu abavela kwa-Israel bahlanganisa i-Carmel, Yatir, kanye ne-Barkan ngenkathi iNingizimu Afrika yethula amawayini avela ku-J. Folk kanye ne-ESSA.
Imimoya ye-Kosher
Uma kuwuphuzo oludakayo futhi lwenziwe ngesithelo (okungukuthi, iwayini notshwala), lungaphathwa futhi lufakwe ebhodleleni amaJuda kuphela futhi kufanele luqinisekiswe njenge-kosher (bheka isiyingi esingu-U: kusho ukuvunywa yiNyunyana YamaJuda noma inhloko-dolobha K). Ukuze umoya ube yi-kosher kufanele ube nophawu olusemthethweni, futhi wenziwe ngokusanhlamvu noma ushukela. Ngeke wenziwe ngamagilebhisi futhi ayikwazi ukuguga emgqonyeni wewayini ongeyona i-kosher; ngakho-ke, i-Scotch whiskey (noma yini enye) esikhulile noma eqediwe ku-sherry, i-port noma i-wine cask ingu-CHA NO. Zonke ezinye izithako ezisetshenzisiwe kanye ne-distillery ngokwayo, kufanele kube yi-kosher eqinisekisiwe.
Izinto eziningi eziqala emhlabathini ziyi-kosher kuhlanganise nebhali, ukolweni kanye nerye. Ukuze i-whisky ibe mnandi, i-distiller kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi zonke izithako (imvubelo nama-enzyme) zihlanzekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okokusebenza kufanele kube kosher.
Lokhu kuyinselelo yeholide lamaJuda lePhasika ngoba ngokomthetho we-kosher, umJuda angeke abe nalutho olukhiqizwa ngezinhlamvu zokuqala ezifana nokolweni, i-rye, noma ibhali elifakwe imvubelo. Lezi zinto zibhekiselwa ku-chametz ngokuhlanganyela. Izinkampani zama-whisky ezingamaJuda zidinga ukuthengisa i-chametz yazo ngaphambi kwePhasika unyaka nonyaka noma-ke imikhiqizo yazo ayisabhekwa njenge-kosher.
I-Ordinary Scotch Whisky noma i-Single Malt noma Ehlanganisiwe ngaphandle kokuthi kukhulunywe ngokusetshenziswa kwe-sherry, imbobo noma amanye amabhokisi ewayini kulebula noma izincwadi zokumaketha, ingadliwa ngokuzethemba ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kwe-Halachic okuhlobene nokuxhumana okungenzeka namabhokisi ewayini angaphambili. Azikho izithasiselo ze-Scotch Whisky ezivunyelwe, ngaphandle kombala we-caramel oyi-kosher. Ngokuphathelene Whiskey Irish, njengomphumela oqondile umsebenzi KLBD nge distillers, umthetho Irish isishintshile futhi ayisavunyelwe ukwengeza ukunambitheka enhancers (kuhlanganise nalabo okuyizinto iwayini esekelwe) ukuze whiskey Irish. Ngakho-ke, wonke amabhodlela e-whisky e-Ireland kusukela maphakathi no-2009, ngaphandle kokukhuluma ngokusetshenziswa kwe-sherry, ichweba noma amanye amabhokisi ewayini kulebula noma izincwadi zokumaketha, nawo angadliwa ngokuzethemba ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi i-halachic (imihlahlandlela yemikhuba nezinkolelo zenkolo nezici eziningi. yempilo yansuku zonke) ukukhathazeka. Ngaphezu kwe-whisky, kuphephile futhi (isikhathi esiningi) ukujabulela i-vodka, i-gin ne-tequila.
I-Kosher eqinisekisiwe
Izikhungo ezinkulu zesitifiketi se-kosher e-US (Big Five) ziqinisekisa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-80 okudla kwe-kosher okuthengiswa e-US futhi zifaka: OU, OK, KOF-K, Star-K kanye ne-CRC. Izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zifaka: I-KLBD- Kashrut (Kosher) Division yase-London Beth Din (iNkantolo yomthetho yamaJuda). I-LBD isiphathimandla esihamba phambili emhlabeni wonke emthethweni wamaJuda namaKosher. Kuyisikhungo esikhulu kunazo zonke sokunikeza isitifiketi se-kosher eYurophu futhi singesinye sezinhlanu eziphezulu emhlabeni. Iqashelwa futhi ihlonishwe abakhiqizi nabathengi futhi iqinisekisa izithako ezingaba ngu-40,000 kanye nemikhiqizo yokudayisa engaphezu kuka-3500 kuwo wonke amazwekazi ayisithupha. Izinhlangano zokuqinisekisa ezengeziwe zifaka: I-Kashrus Council of Canada, Kosher Australia, kanye no-Rabbi Mordechai Rottenberg.
Ukudla nokuphuza i-Kosher Kulungele Umphefumulo
Ukudla neziphuzo esizidlayo zikhomba ukuthi singobani. Uma udla/uphuza i-kosher amandla angaqondiswa ezinhlosweni ezinhle futhi akhulise isitshalo nemikhiqizo yezilwane engenisiwe. Uma udle into enqatshelwe, "iboshiwe" futhi noma uyidle ngezinhloso ezinhle kakhulu futhi uqhubeke wenza isenzo sobuqhawe, izenzo zika-G-dly, isabambekile, ikusinda okomoya. ithani lezitini
Lena ingxenye yesi-2 yochungechunge olunezingxenye ezimbili. Funda ingxenye yokuqala lapha: “I-Kosher: Uhlobo lukhula kakhulu"
© UDkt Elinor Garely. Lo mbhalo we-copyright, ofaka nezithombe, awunakukhiqizwa kabusha ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliwe evela kumbhali.
