"I-Overtourism."
Igama manje eliyingxenye eqinile yesichazamazwi sezokuvakasha emhlabeni wonke, nokho elingakaze lizwakale ngaphambili kwaze kwaba yiminyaka embalwa edlule, namuhla seliphenduke igama elibi elinezinhlamvu eziyi-11 elimelela ukwesaba ukuba khona kohlangothi olumnyama lomkhakha osuphenduke waba yigama elibi elinezinhlamvu eziyi-XNUMX. ukukhanya okukhanyayo emhlabeni wonke. Nokugxilwa kwenkulumompikiswano eningi yemboni.
Ukukuzwa, kuqhamuka izithombe ezizenzakalelayo ezingqondweni zezigcawu manje ezijwayeleke ngokudabukisayo kubaholi bemboni kanye nabathandiweyo: imikhumbi ehamba ngomkhumbi ekhuphukela emachwebeni aseVenice noma e-Barcelona, echitha izinkulungwane zabavakashi emigwaqweni engokomlando, yedolobha eyisakhiwo sodumo nasemigwaqweni yamanzi. Ukusakazwa kwezinti zesithombe ozishuthe sona ethwele izivakashi ezikhuphuka ezindaweni eziyigugu, ezibeka engcupheni yokucekela phansi amanxiwa asendulo. Abaxokozelayo emabhishi ase-Asia abukeka kahle, bashintsha ubusuku ngaphansi kokukhanya kwenyanga egcwele bube i-hangover eyesabekayo yokubona lapho ilanga liphuma. Futhi baningi abanye…
Ivelaphi, le "overtourism?"
Njengokubonakaliswa komuzwa owesabekayo womthelela osindayo wokukhula kwezokuvakasha ezindaweni okuyiwa kuzo, leli gama laqalwa ngonyaka odlule nje yi-SKIFT, i-lens ehamba phambili ezinguqukweni ezivelayo kulo mkhakha. Njengomqondo, leli gama libonisa ukububula kwengqalasizinda, kanye nezakhamuzi zendawo, ezingazwakala ezindaweni eziningi ezidinga isibusiso sezokuvakasha njengendlela yokuzinza kwezomnotho nethuba, kodwa bezwa isiqalekiso sokukhula kwayo okungalawuleki. Ukuphawula kuyenyuka, kugcwele izikhalazo mayelana nalesi sigameko. Izithembiso zokunqoba le nkinga ziqhamuka kuwo wonke amagumbi.
Njengoba umthamo wezikhalazo ukhula, umfutho ubonakala ukhuphukela esikhalweni esihlangene, somhlaba wonke sokuthi “YIMA!”
Abantu bendawo abake bajabulela ukuvulela izivakashi iminyango yabo abahlehli, bathola isibindi nokuzethemba ukusho (nokubhikisha) ngamagama imboni iyonke esabayo: “Ngeke sisakwazi, futhi ngeke sisakwazi ukukuthatha! ” Umuzwa okhulayo: abakwazi ukukhokhela le mboni evumela abantu abangabazi abakhululekile balethe izinombolo zabo ezinkulu (futhi ngokuvamile nemikhuba emibi), ezindaweni ezibiza ngokuthi "ikhaya."
IINDLEKO ZOKUVALA UMNYANGO WAPHAMBILI
Kodwa ingabe abantu bezindawo ezihamba phambili zezokuvakasha emhlabeni jikelele bangakwazi ngempela ukukweseka ukukhula komkhakha? Kungenzeka yini ukuvakasha kwelambu elibomvu kube ezindaweni eziningi kangaka emhlabeni wonke kuyizo ezokuvakasha ezigcine umnotho wazo ungabheki?
Kulokhu, i- Unyaka Wezizwe Ezihlangene Womhlaba Wezokuvakasha Okusimeme Kwezokuthuthukiswa, (IY2017) kuyilapho incazelo ezenzakalelayo yokuthi “simeme” ivame ukuba:
• Ezemvelo,
• Ezomnotho,
• Social, kanye
• Ezamasiko.
Kukhona isici esisodwa, isici esisodwa esibucayi okungafanele sishaywe indiva: Ukusimama Komoya Wezokuvakasha. Ukusimama kwengqikithi elula yalokho okungaphakathi kwezokuvakasha: ukuzwela ukungezwani komunye nomunye, ukufunda nokwazisa umhlaba womunye nomunye.
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi abezokuvakasha bekhuluma ngezokuvakasha njengendlela yokuletha ukuthula. Kwesinye isikhathi, lesi sitatimende sasibeka engcupheni ukwethembeka komkhakha, ama-esoteric awo abangela ukukhuphuka kwamashiya. Ngempela? Akukude yini lokho ngokugxuma?
Emuva lapho? Mhlawumbe, kodwa hhayi manje. Ngenxa yezinselelo zangempela zokusatshiswa kokwehlukana kanye nokwenqatshwa kwamasiko izwe lethu esabelana ngalo elibhekene nakho namuhla, ukubaluleka kwezokuvakasha njengamandla okuthuthukisa ukuqonda, ukwamukela kanye nozwela kubalulekile. Imuphi omunye umkhakha emhlabeni okhuthaza futhi ugqugquzele abantu bobubona, imibono nemibono ehlukene ukuthi bahlangane, balalele, bafunde, baqonde futhi babungaze abanye?
Umoya wezokuvakasha uwukungenisa izihambi, ukwamukela, ukwabelana. Imayelana nokuxhuma.
Njengoba ezokuvakasha zikhula, umoya wezokuvakasha osiza umphakathi wethu womhlaba wonke ukuthi ukhule ekuhlonipheni, ekuzweleni nasekubumbaneni. Lesi sici esibalulekile, esibaluleke kakhulu, sezokuvakasha sidinga ukugcinwa.
Kodwa-ke sibhekana kanjani nezimo ezingezinhle?
Gxila EMBANGENI, HHAYI IZIMPAWU
Njengoba kusanda kushiwo uDkt Taleb Rifai, uNobhala Jikelele we- UNWTO, ekuphenduleni izinga lokushisa elikhuphukayo empikiswaneni ethi “overtourism:”
“Ukukhula akusona isitha. Izinombolo ezikhulayo azisona isitha. Ukukhula yindaba yaphakade yesintu. Ukukhula kwezokuvakasha kungaholela futhi kufanele kuholele ekuchumeni komnotho, emisebenzini nasezinsizeni zokuxhasa ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokulondolozwa kwamasiko, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komphakathi nezidingo zenqubekelaphambili, ebezingeke zitholakale ngaphandle kwalokho. Kusho futhi ukuthi ngokuhlangana nabanye singanweba umbono wethu, sivule izingqondo nezinhliziyo zethu, sithuthukise inhlalakahle yethu futhi sibe abantu abangcono. Ukubumba umhlaba ongcono. "
Kungakho, kunokuba sihlaziye futhi sigxeke inkinga, thina njengemboni kudingeka sigxilise imizamo yethu esixazululweni. U-Rifai uyaqhubeka:
“Umkhakha udinga imithetho nemigomo ecacile, kodwa hhayi leyo ezovimba ukukhula. Kunalokho, imithethonqubo eqinisekisa ukuphathwa kwayo okusimeme kanye nezenzo zokukhula okusimeme ezisiza ezifana nalezi:
1. Hlukanisa imisebenzi yezivakashi, kokubili ngohlobo nendawo.
2. Izindlela nezinqubomgomo ezisebenzayo nezihlanganisiwe zokuphatha izivakashi kumasayithi.
3. Izinqubomgomo zokunciphisa isizini.
4. Imihlomulo yokuthi imboni ezimele itshale izimali ezindaweni ezintsha kanye nemikhiqizo emisha.
5. Ukukhuthaza kanye nezinqubomgomo zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla namanzi kanye nokubhekana nezinye izidingo zomphakathi, ukushiyeka kanye nokushoda.
“Yonke imisebenzi yabantu ekhulayo inobubi bayo. Impendulo akumele kube ukumisa umsebenzi, futhi ulahlekelwe yizo zonke izinzuzo zayo ezicacile, kodwa kunalokho ukufeza inselele futhi uyilawule ngendlela efanele.”
“I-Overtourism” iwuphawu, imbangela yezinhlungu ezikhulayo kungukungaphathwa kahle kokukhula.
Kuningi osekubhaliwe, futhi okusazobhalwa, ngenkinga “yokuvakasha ngokweqile.” Emazingeni kazwelonke, ezifunda kanye nasekhaya, amasu kanye nezinhlelo zizobekwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukukhula komkhakha kunempilo ngempela, kuyasimama, kuyalingana kubo bonke abantu, ikakhulukazi abantu basekhaya. Sonke kumele sibe yingxenye yesixazululo.
Kodwa akukhona embonini yodwa. Amasu okuvuselela ukukhula okusimeme komkhakha wezokuvakasha akhuthaza izinzuzo zawo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimpilo emhlabeni wonke akuwona umthwalo walabo abasembonini kuphela. Kuphinde kube kubahambi ngokwabo.
Ngokuthakazelisayo futhi ngokubonga, ezingeni lomuntu siqu, isu lilula. Empeleni iyona efundiswa zonke izingane emhlabeni wonke, kusenesikhathi, yonke indawo.
Umuntu ukubheka kanjani ukuvakashela indawo entsha, ukuhlangana nabantu abasha, nokwakha ubudlelwano obusha? "Zigade indlela yokuziphatha."
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