Unyaka wezikhumulo zezindiza: hamba uye ezikhungweni zesikhathi esizayo

Unyaka ka-2019 uzokhunjulwa njengonyaka wokuvulwa kwezikhumulo zezindiza ezinkulu nezincane ukuze kwaneliswe isidingo somoya esizothinta ngo-2035 - ngokusho kwe-IATA - abagibeli bezindiza abayi-8.2 billion.

Ekupheleni konyaka, okungenani izikhumulo zezindiza eziyisikhombisa zizovula amasango azo ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba.

ECHINA

Ukuqala ngesikhumulo sezindiza esisha i-Daxing eBeijing, isikhumulo sezindiza esisayinwe nguZaha Hadid okufanele siqale ukusebenza phakathi kukaJuni noSepthemba, sizibeka phezulu emazingeni ezikhumulo zezindiza ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kusukela kubagibeli bokuqala abayizigidi ezingama-45 izophokophela ukuphatha ithrafikhi, kungenzeka ishaye abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-72 ngo-2025.

Izindleko zengqalasizinda cishe zingama- $ 12 billion futhi zagunyazwa nguMongameli Xi Jinping ngo-2014 ukukhanyisa isikhumulo sezindiza iBeijing Capital International Airport. Ngamathrekhi ayisikhombisa, kuzoba yisizinda sezinkomba zezindiza zasekhaya i-Eastern Airlines neChina Southern Airlines.

Isikhumulo sezindiza, esisesifundeni i-Hebei, sizoxhunyaniswa nomgwaqo omkhulu kanye nenethiwekhi yesitimela esinejubane ukufika ngokushesha eBeijing. Ngokusho kweCivil Aviation Administration yaseChina, isigebenga sase-Asia sizophatha abagibeli ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-720 ngonyaka ka-2020, usuku okulindeleke ukuthi lwakhiwe noma lwandiswe ngalo izikhumulo zezindiza ezingama-74. Uma sibheka phambili, ngo-2035, kuzobe sekusungulwe izikhumulo zezindiza ezintsha ezingama-216 eChina, zizonke izingqalasizinda zezindiza ezingama-450.

Vietnam

Isikhumulo sezindiza iVan Don International savulwa ekuqaleni konyaka eVietnam, ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angama-50 ukusuka eHa Long Bay esifundazweni saseQuang Ninh. Isikhumulo sezindiza sabiza cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-260 futhi siyisikhumulo sokuqala esizimele ezweni, okuwumphumela wokuhlukaniswa kwezimali ezifunwa nguhulumeni wobukhomanisi.

Le mikhondo emibili yokusebenza, ezoba mihlanu ngo-2030, isivele ingaqinisekisa ukuhamba kwabagibeli abacishe babe yizigidi ezi-2.5. IVan Don izoba yisizinda sezethenjwa zezindiza zasekhaya iVietnam Airlines kanye neViet Jet Air zokuxhuma eSoutheast Asia.

U-ISRAYELI

IRamon Airport iyasebenza kulo nyaka futhi iyisikhungo sesimanje phakathi nogwadule lwaseNegev, amakhilomitha ayi-18 ukusuka e-Eilat oLwandle Olubomvu.

Isakhiwo esibiza amadola ayizigidi ezingama-500 sihlose ukusebenza njengenye indawo yehabhu laseTel Aviv, isikhumulo sezindiza esikhulu sezwe. Isikhumulo sezindiza siqanjwe ngo-Ilan Ramon, usomkhathi wokuqala wakwa-Israyeli, futhi senzelwe ukumelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-46 degrees Celsius. Amandla ayo njengamanje angabagibeli abayizigidi ezimbili ngonyaka, kepha izokwazi ukwamukela abalinganiselwa ku-2 million ngonyaka ka-4.2.

IGALIKUNI

Ekwindla ka-2019, ukusebenza kwesikhumulo sezindiza esisha i-Istanbul eTurkey, esisendaweni engamakhilomitha angama-35 ukusuka enkabeni yedolobha, kuzophothulwa ngokudluliswa kwazo zonke izindiza eziqhutshwa yizikhumulo zezindiza ezimbili i-Atatürk neSabiha Gokcen.

Ukubambezeleka nokwehla kwesakhiwo kubambezele ukuvulwa kokuqala okuhlelelwe u-2018 okwabe sekuhlehliswa ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli 2019 ngokudlula kwezindiza zaseTurkey Airlines eziya esikhumulweni sezindiza esisha.

Ngamandla okuqala abantu abayizigidi ezingama-90, isikhumulo sezindiza sizokwazi ukuphatha ukunyakaza kwabagibeli abayizigidi ezingama-200 ngonyaka ngokugcwele.

Ekupheleni kwendlela yayo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, isikhumulo sezindiza esisha saseTurkey sizoba nemigwaqo evulekile eyisithupha futhi izonikeza ukuxhumana ngendiza ezindaweni ezingama-350 emhlabeni jikelele. "Njengesizinda esikhulu sokushintshana phakathi kwe-Asia, iYurophu neMiddle East, sizokhuluma namazwe ahlukene omhlaba," kusho uKadri Samsunlu, isikhulu esiphezulu se-Iga Airport Operations, okuyinkampani ebisakha ingqalasizinda kusukela ngo-2013. .

USA

Ngaphandle kolwandle, ukuvulwa okulindelwe yilokho kweLouis Armstrong Airport eNew Orleans, eLouisana, ehlelelwe ukuphela kukaMeyi. Kubiza u- $ 1.3 billion, i-terminal inamasango angama-35 nohlelo lokuhlola ukuphepha ngokufinyelela okusheshayo kuzilawuli.

Isikhumulo sezindiza sizoba yisizinda sokusebenza sezinkampani ezingama-21 ezinokuhamba okuphakathi konyaka kwabagibeli abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-13. Futhi e-United States, umsebenzi uzoqhubeka nokwenza isikhumulo sezindiza i-La Guardia sibe sesikhathini saseNew York, esinye sezikhumulo zezindiza ezinesiphithiphithi nesicindezelayo eMelika.

Izinhlelo zokungenelela zokwakha kabusha zihlelelwe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama- $ 9, ingxenye yakhona esephothuliwe ngokuvulwa kweTheminali B entsha ekupheleni konyaka odlule.

UK

NgoJulayi, e-United Kingdom, kuzovulwa isikhumulo sezindiza iCarlisle Lake District Airport, enzelwe ukuhanjiswa kwesifunda eLondon, Dublin naseBelfast. Isikhumulo sezindiza esincane kodwa esinobuhlakani sihlose ukwanelisa isidingo sabavakashi seCumbria, isifunda esisenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNgilandi esingatha iLake District National Park.

Le ndawo ingenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu e-United Kingdom futhi yavakashelwa ngonyaka odlule ngabantu abayizigidi ezingama-47, ikakhulukazi ithrafikhi yasekhaya, okwenza inzuzo cishe yama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu.

SPAIN

Esinye isikhumulo sezindiza saseYurophu esivulwe ekupheleni kuka-2019 yisikhumulo sezindiza iCorvera eSpain esabiza ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-500, futhi sixhunyaniswe kahle kunethiwekhi yamabhasi.