Uhambela eHawaii? Indlela i-LGBTQ enobungane ngayo Aloha Izwe?

Namuhla, iHuman Rights Campaign (HRC) Foundation kanye ne-Equality Federation Institute bakhiphe unyaka wabo wesi-5 minyaka yonke Inkomba Yezokulingana Kahulumeni (SEI), umbiko ophelele ochaza imithetho nezinqubomgomo zomhlaba wonke ezithinta abantu be-LGBTQ nemindeni yabo, nokuhlola ukuthi izifundazwe zivikela kangakanani abantu be-LGBTQ ekubandlululweni. IHawaii iwela esigabeni esithi, "Solidifying Equality."

Ngoba okwamanje akukho ukuvikelwa okuphelele kwamalungelo omphakathi kwabantu be-LGBTQ ezingeni likahulumeni, amalungelo ezigidi zabantu be-LGBTQ nemindeni yabo ancike ekutheni bahlala kusiphi isimo. Ezifundazweni ezingama-30, abantu be-LGBTQ bahlala besengozini yokuxoshwa, ukuxoshwa noma banqatshelwe izinsizakalo ngenxa yokuthi bangobani. Ngalesi sizathu, iningi elingenayo le-pro-equality eNdlu Yabamele yase-US yenze i- Umthetho wokulingana - Umthethosivivinywa wokusungula ukuvikelwa okuphelele kombuso kwabantu be-LGBTQ - okubaluleke kakhulu.

Njengoba izinhlangano zamalungelo omphakathi zisebenzela ukudlula kwalezi zivikelo zombuso ezibucayi, ukusheshisa inqubekela phambili ezingeni likahulumeni kubalulekile. Kulo nyaka, inani lamazwe athola isilinganiso esiphezulu se-SEI, "Working Toward Innovative Equality," lenyuke lisuka ku-13 laya ku-17. Lezi zifundazwe njengamanje zinemithetho eqinile ye-LGBTQ engabandlululi ehlanganisa ukuqashwa, izindlu nezindawo zokuhlala zomphakathi, kanye nokuvikelwa izindawo zesikweletu nomshuwalense.

Lo mbiko we-SEI uza njengoba ngaphezulu kwezishayamthetho zombuso ezingama-46 zivule izikhathi zazo - futhi nge I-New York ukuqala unyaka ngenothi elikhulu ngokudlulisa umthetho we-Gender Expression Non-Discrimination Act (GENDA) kanye nomthetho ovikela intsha ye-LGBTQ kuhulumeni emkhubeni oyingozi nowenziwe kabi okuthiwa "ukwelashwa kokuguqula." I- IVirginia State Senate futhi uphasise umthetho ozovimbela ukubandlululwa ngenxa yesimo socansi noma ubunikazi bobulili. Nabaphathi ku Kansas, Ohio, Michigan futhi Wisconsin isayine ama-oda aphezulu avikela abasebenzi bakahulumeni be-LGBTQ.

Indlu yase-US kungekudala ilungele ukuqala ukucubungula i-Equality Act, umthethosivivinywa womlando ongahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okungaguquguquki nokucacile kokungabandlululi kwabantu be-LGBTQ kuzo zonke izindawo ezibalulekile zokuphila, kufaka phakathi ukuqashwa, izindlu, isikweletu, imfundo, izikhala zomphakathi nezinsizakalo, ngokuhlanganyela izinhlelo ezixhaswe ngemali kanye nensizakalo yejaji. Abaqashi abakhulu abangaphezu kwe-130, abasebenza kuzo zonke izifunda ezingama-50, bajoyine iBusiness Coalition ye-HRC yoMthetho Wokulingana, benxusa iCongress ukuthi idlulise lezi zivikelo ezibalulekile.

"Umsebenzi we-HRC Foundation kanye nezinhlelo ezifana ne-State Equality Index, kanye nemizamo ye-HRC yansukuzonke yokuthuthukisa ukuvikelwa kwabantu be-LGBTQ ezingeni likahulumeni kanye nelikahulumeni kubalulekile emzabalazweni wamalungelo omphakathi e-LGBTQ," kusho uMongameli we-HRC UChad Griffin. ”I-HRC kanye nozakwethu abasemazingeni aphansi behlula inqwaba yemali ekhokhwayo elwa ne-LGBTQ ngonyaka odlule, futhi basebenza ukudlulisa izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuvikela ukulingana eziqinisekisa ukuthi ama-LGBTQ America avikelekile nomaphi lapho ahlala khona. Kakade, sesibona isethembiso sokuvikelwa okwengeziwe okwedlula ngo-2019 - ngesinyathelo esathathwa eNew York, eVirginia, eKansas, e-Ohio, eMichigan naseWisconsin. ”

UGriffin uqhubeke wathi, “Kodwa-ke, abantu be-LGBTQ basabhekene neqiniso elibuhlungu lokuthi amalungelo abo anqunywa ukuthi yiluphi uhlangothi lombuso noma idolobha abalibiza ngokuthi yikhaya. Njengoba i-State Equality Index yalo nyaka icacisa, sesifikile isikhathi sokuthi siqede lo mbhalo wemithetho yezwe futhi sivikele bonke abantu be-LGBTQ ngokudlula kuhulumeni Umthetho wokulingana. "

Kusho uRebecca Isaacs, umqondisi omkhulu we-Equality Federation Institute: “Amandla ombuso we-LGBTQ asemqoka abalulekile ukukhulisa ukumelwa kwethu, ukubonakala nokulingana ezweni lonke. Njengoba sibheke esigabeni esilandelayo somthetho, i-State Equality Index kufanele isebenze njengokubona ukuthi sesihambe kangakanani nokuthi kusamele sizuze ini. ”

Ukuqhubekisela phambili ukuvikelwa kwe-LGBTQ kwama-nondiscriminaton ezingeni likahulumeni nelikahulumeni kusekelwa yinqwaba yabantu baseMelika. Eqinisweni, inhlolovo yakamuva ye-PRRI ithole ukuthi amaphesenti angama-71 amaMelika asekela imithetho ye-LGBTQ yokungabandlululi njengo-Equality Act. Abantu abalinganiselwa ezigidini eziyi-12 base-LGBTQ baseMelika, abangane nemindeni yabo basengcupheni yokubandlululwa uma behlala kwesinye sezifunda ezingama-30 ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okwanele. Imephu yalokhu kutholakala kwemithetho ingatholakala lapha.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-SEI kwemithetho nezinqubomgomo ezihlobene nezwe lonke ze-LGBTQ ezindaweni zemithetho nezinqubomgomo zobuzali, ukwenqaba kwezenkolo nemithetho yokuqashelwa kobudlelwano, imithetho nezinqubomgomo ezingabandlululi, inzondo yobugebengu nemithetho yobulungiswa bobugebengu, imithetho nezinqubomgomo ezihlobene nentsha kanye nezinqubomgomo kanye nezempilo kanye imithetho nezinqubomgomo zokuphepha zibeke izwe ngalinye endaweni eyodwa izigaba ezine ezihlukile:

• Izizwe eziyishumi nesithupha kanye nesifunda saseColumbia zisesigabeni esilinganiswe kakhulu, “Working Toward Innovative Equality”: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont naseWashington
• Izifundazwe ezine zisesigabeni esithi "Solidifying Equality": IHawaii, Iowa, Maryland neNew Hampshire
• Izifundazwe ezimbili zisesigabeni esithi "Ukulingana Kokwakha": I-Utah, iWisconsin
• Amazwe angamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili asesigabeni esilinganiselwe kunazo zonke esithi "Okusemqoka Kakhulu Ukufeza Ukulingana Okuyisisekelo": Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, ITennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia naseWyoming

Kulo nyaka UTE futhi kunemininingwane yokuhlaselwa kwemithetho engaphezu kwe-100 elwa ne-LGBTQ eyethulwe ezifundazweni ezingama-29 ngenkathi yesishayamthetho sombuso ka-2018, kufaka phakathi iziphakamiso zokunikezwa kwamalayisense okushanela ukubandlulula, ukuthatha ukulingana kwemishado futhi kuhloswe umphakathi we-transgender - kufaka phakathi izingane ezingama-transgender. I-HRC isebenze phansi nabameli bendawo kanye nababambisene nabo ukunqoba yonke imali ngaphandle kwalezi ezimbili.

Umbiko uphinde ukhombe enqubekweni ekhuthazayo yentsha ye-LGBTQ, kanye nabantu abangaguquki nabobulili abangahambisani nabafuna buyekeza omazisi babo. Iseshini yokugcina yezomthetho, uMbusi waseNew Hampshire uChris Sununu isayine i-HB 1319 ibe ngumthetho, ukuvikela abantu abangama-transgender kulo lonke izwe ekubandlululweni emisebenzini, ezindlini nasezindaweni zomphakathi. Ngokwengeziwe, irekhodi lesihlanu lithi - iDelaware, iHawaii, iMaryland, iNew Hampshire neWashington - lidlulise ukuvikelwa okusha ngomkhuba walokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukwelashwa kokuguqula," okuletha inani eliphelele lamazwe anemithetho noma imithethonqubo enjalo ku-15, kanye nesifunda waseColombia. INew York, ebinemikhawulo yokulawula lo mkhuba kusukela ngo-2016, iqale iseshini yayo yezomthetho yango-2019 ngokumisa umthetho oqinisa futhi wandise lezi zivikelo.

Umbiko ogcwele we-HRC we-State Equality Index, ofaka phakathi amakhadi anemininingwane azo zonke izifundazwe; ukubuyekezwa okuphelele kwemithetho yezwe ka-2018; futhi ukubuka kuqala kweseshini yomthetho wombuso ka-2019 ngu iyatholakala ku-intanethi.