Ukucwiywa Kwezitho Zangasese Zabesifazane: Kuyaphela Manje Kusongelwa Ubhubhane

Izikole ezivalekile, ukuvalwa kwezikole kanye nokuphazamiseka kwezinsiza ezivikela amantombazane, sekubeke izigidi emhlabeni wonke engcupheni enkulu yokuba ngaphansi kwe-FGM.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi amanye amantombazane ayizigidi ezimbili angase athinteke ngo-2030, ngokusho kwenhlangano yezingane ye-UN, i-UNICEF, okuzoholela ekwehleni ngamaphesenti angama-33 emizamweni yomhlaba yokuqeda nya.

Ukulahlekelwa indawo

"Silahlekelwa yisisekelo emzabalazweni wokuqeda ukucwiywa kwabesifazane, okunemiphumela ebuhlungu ezigidini zamantombazane lapho lo mkhuba udlange kakhulu," kusho uNankali Maksud, u-UNICEF Senior Advisor, Prevention of Harmful Practices.

"Lapho amantombazane engakwazi ukuthola izinsiza ezibalulekile, izikole kanye nokuxhumana komphakathi, ingozi yabo yokucwiywa kwabesifazane iyanda - okusongela impilo yabo, imfundo kanye nekusasa."

Ekunakeni Usuku Lwamazwe Ngamazwe Lokungabekezeleli Kwabesifazane Besifazane, olugujwa minyaka yonke mhla ziyisi-6 kuNhlolanja, izinhlaka ze-UN zicela ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo eziqinile ukuze kugcinwe amalungelo abantu, impilo kanye nesithunzi sabesifazane namantombazane.

Okungenani izigidi ezingu-200 emhlabeni wonke namuhla ziye zenziwa i-FGM, okubhekisela kuzo zonke izinqubo ezibandakanya ukushintsha noma ukulimaza isitho sowesifazane ngenxa yezizathu ezingezona ezokwelashwa.

I-FGM yenziwa kakhulu emantombazaneni asemancane phakathi kobusana kanye nobudala obuyi-15, ngokusho kwe-World Health Organization (WHO), nangenxa yezizathu ezehlukene zamasiko nezenhlalo ezehluka ngokwezifunda ngezifunda.

Ngokwesibonelo, kweminye imiphakathi kubhekwa njengengxenye edingekayo yokukhulisa intombazane nokuyilungiselela ukuba ibe umuntu omdala nokushada. Kwamanye, i-FGM ihlotshaniswa nemibono yamasiko yobufazi nesizotha.

Amantombazane enza i-FGM, abhekana nezinkinga zesikhashana ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu, ukushaqeka, ukopha kakhulu, izifo, kanye nobunzima bokuchama. Kuphinde kube nomthelela wesikhathi eside empilweni yabo yezocansi nokuzala, kanye nempilo yengqondo.

'Ukwelashwa' kwe-FGM

I-FGM iyinkinga yomhlaba wonke, ngokusho kwe-UN. Nakuba ngokuyinhloko igxile emazweni angu-30 e-Afrika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, isetshenziswa nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia naseLatin America, kanye nangabantu abavela kwamanye amazwe abaseNtshonalanga Yurophu, eNyakatho Melika, e-Australia naseNew Zealand.

Kwamanye amazwe isacishe ifane nendawo yonke. I-UNICEF ibika ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-90 amantombazane e-Djibouti, Guinea, Mali naseSomalia athintekile.

I-WHO iphinde yaveza ukuthambekela okushaqisayo okuvelayo. Cishe intombazane eyodwa kwamane eke yafakwa i-FGM, noma izigidi ezingama-52 emhlabeni wonke, yasikwa ngabasebenzi bezempilo, okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-medicalization.

Iqeda i-FGM ngo-2030

Ama-ejensi e-UN asebenzela ukuqeda i-FGM ngo-2030, njengengxenye yohlaka lwe-Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Kusukela ngowezi-2008, i-UNICEF kanye ne-UN Population Fund (UNFPA) baye bahola uhlelo oluhlanganyelwe olugxile emazweni ayi-17 e-Afrika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, kuyilapho besekela imizamo yesifunda neyomhlaba wonke.

Amazwe ayishumi nane kulawa manje anezinhlaka zomthetho nenqubomgomo evimbela i-FGM, cishe ngamacala ayi-1,700 okuqinisa umthetho nokuboshwa.

Uma kubhekwa ukuphazamiseka okudalwe yilolu bhubhane, uhlelo oluhlanganyelwe luguqule ukungenelela okuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-FGM ekuphenduleni kobuntu kanye nangemva kwenhlekelele.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphuthumayo manje

I-UN ikholelwa ukuthi i-FGM ingaqedwa esizukulwaneni, igqamisa ukuthi inqubekela phambili ingenzeka ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi amantombazane athola imfundo, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nokuqashwa.

Yize amantombazane namuhla engaphansi kwesithathu okungenzeka ukuthi enziwe lo mkhuba uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka engama-30 edlule, i-UNICEF ithe manje isenzo kumele sisheshiswe ngokuphindwe kashumi ngenxa yalolu bhubhane nezinye izinkinga ezeqayo ezifana nobumpofu obukhulayo, ukungalingani kanye nezingxabano.

Emlayezweni wakhe woSuku Lwamazwe Ngamazwe, uNobhala-Jikelele we-UN u-António Guterres ukugcizelele ukuthi "lokhu kubonakaliswa okusobala kokungalingani ngokobulili kumele kumiswe".

Unxuse abantu yonke indawo ukuthi bajoyine imizamo ye-UN yokuqeda i-FGM futhi bahloniphe amalungelo abantu bonke abesifazane namantombazane.

UMnu. Guterres uthe: “Ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuphuthumayo kanye nezinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi, singafinyelela imigomo Yentuthuko Eqhubekayo yokuqeda ukucwiywa kwezitho zangasese zabesifazane ngo-2030 futhi sakhe umhlaba ohlonipha ubuqotho nokuzimela kwabesifazane.”